Superheated steam pretreatment of oil palm biomass for improving nanofibrillation of cellulose and performance of polypropylene/cellulose nanofiber composites by Norrrahim, Mohd Nor Faiz

“…Potassium hydroxide (KOH) pretreatment was used as control experiment. Two processing methods for CNF production were used i.e. wet disk milling (WDM) and electrospinning. …”
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Projected Elevated [CO₂] and Warming Result in Overestimation of SPAD-Based Rice Leaf Nitrogen Status for Nitrogen Management by Ye Tao, Jishuang Zhang, Lian Song, Chuang Cai, Dongming Wang, Wei Wei, Xinyue Gu, Xiong Yang, Chunwu Zhu

“…In this study, we conducted [CO₂] (ambient and enriched up to 500 μmol moL¹) and temperature (ambient and increased by 1.5~2.0 °C) controlled experiments from 2015 to 2017 and in 2020 in two Free-Air CO₂ Enrichment (FACE) sites. …”
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Statistical atmospheric inversion of local gas emissions by coupling the tracer release technique and local-scale transport modelling: a test case with controlled methane emissions by S. Ars, G. Broquet, C. Yver Kwok, Y. Roustan, L. Wu, E. Arzoumanian, P. Bousquet

“…The results from these controlled experiments demonstrate that, when the targeted and tracer gases are not well collocated, this new approach provides a better estimate of the emission rates than the tracer release technique. …”
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Metabolic Changes in Serum and Milk of Holstein Cows in Their First to Fourth Parity Revealed by Biochemical Analysis and Untargeted Metabolomics by Zixin Liu, Aoyu Jiang, Xiaokang Lv, Chuanshe Zhou, Zhiliang Tan

“…These findings indicate a significant influence of blood metabolites on the energy and amino acid metabolism during the milk production process in the Holstein cows across 1–4 lactations, and that an in-depth understanding of the metabolic changes that occur in Holstein cows during different lactations is essential for precision farming, and that it is worthwhile to further investigate these key metabolites that have an impact through controlled experiments.…”
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Simulation of suitable habitats for typical vegetation in the Yellow River Estuary based on complex hydrodynamic processes by Yanning Gao, Yujun Yi, Kebing Chen, Hongyi Xie

“…In this study, we investigated the influence of water flow, sediment and nutrients on klysmoeionion based on long-term field monitoring and indoor control experiments; constructed a three-dimensional hydrodynamic water quality model to simulate the hydrodynamic characteristics, sediment transport patterns and nutrient salt distribution in the Yellow River Estuary under the combined influence of tides and riverine water and sediment; and further combined the growth competition model of typical vegetation (including the native species Zostera japonica and invasive species Spartina alterniflora) to construct a suitable habitat simulation model for typical vegetation communities in the Yellow River Estuary. …”
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Effectiveness of interventions by non-professional community-level workers or family caregivers to improve outcomes for physical impairments or disabilities in low resource setting... by Anne Kumurenzi, Julie Richardson, Lehana Thabane, Jeanne Kagwiza, Gerard Urimubenshi, Leah Hamilton, Jackie Bosch, Tiago Jesus

“…Controlled and non-controlled experiments were included if reporting the effects of interventions on mobility, activities of daily living (ADLs), quality of life, or social participation outcomes. …”
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SURAMIN AS AN INHIBITOR OF SYMPATHETIC EXCITATORY. JUNCTION POTENTIALS: STUDY IN GUINEA PIG ISOLATED VAS DEFERENS by M AYATOLLAHI

“…It was difficult to estimate correctly the threshold potential in a cell because disseminated potential might conduct to the other cell and the penetration of microelectrode into cell was impossible due to contraction of smooth muscle cell. All control experiments were performed by using stimulation at frequency of 0.5 Hz and the effects of drug in fully facilitated SEJPS were tested. …”
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Response of <i>Alhagi sparsifolia</i> Seedlings to AMF Inoculation and Nitrogen Addition under Drought Stress by Yilinuer Aili, Xiaonan Chen, Wenli Gao, Haiou Wang, Maigepiretiguli Dawuti, Xiaodong Ma

“…To investigate the ecological effects of drought stress and nitrogen limitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on <i>Alhagi sparsifolia</i> seedlings at the vulnerable stage of growth, a control experiment was conducted on <i>Alhagi sparsifolia</i> seedlings with indoor potted plants. …”
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Evaluation of the diagnostic utility on 1.5T and 3.0T 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy for temporal lobe epilepsy by Biao Qu, Hejuan Tan, Min Xiao, Dongbao Liu, Shijin Wang, Yiwen Zhang, Runhan Chen, Gaofeng Zheng, Yonggui Yang, Gen Yan, Xiaobo Qu

“…To analyze the ratio of brain metabolites, including NAA/Cr, NAA/Cho, NAA/(Cho + Cr) and Cho/Cr, four controlled experiments were designed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of TLE on 1.5T and 3.0T MRS, included: (1) 1.5T TLE group vs. 1.5T HCs by the Mann-Whitney U Test, (2) 3.0T TLE group vs. 3.0T HCs by the Mann-Whitney U Test, (3) the power analysis for the 1.5T and 3.0T scanner, and (4) 3.0T HCs vs. 1.5T HCs by Paired T-Test. …”
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Discussion on the mechanism of Danggui Sini decoction in treating diabetic foot based on network pharmacology and molecular docking and verification of the curative effect by meta-... by Xiyu Ni, Xiyu Ni, Huhe Bao, Jiaxing Guo, Deer Li, Lihang Wang, Lihang Wang, Wanyin Zhang, Wanyin Zhang, Guanwen Sun

“…The meta-analysis included six literature, all of which were randomized controlled experiments. The quality grade of the literature was C, and the results showed that the total effective rate of clinical efficacy in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group.ConclusionsDSD may treat DF by participating in biological processes such as cell proliferation regulation, inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress reaction, and promotion of angiogenesis. …”
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Changing Characteristics of Tropical Extreme Precipitation–Cloud Regimes in Warmer Climates by William K. M. Lau, Kyu-Myong Kim, Bryce Harrop, L. Ruby Leung

“…The results are from Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP)-type simulations driven by (a) a control experiment with the present-day sea surface temperature (SST) and CO₂ concentration, (b) P4K, the same as in (a) but with a uniform increase of 4K in the SST globally, and (c) the same as in (a), but with an imposed SST and CO₂ concentration from the outputs of the coupled E3SM forced by a 4xCO₂ concentration. …”
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Coocclusion of Helicoverpa armigera Single Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearSNPV) and Helicoverpa armigera Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearMNPV): Pathogenicity and Stability in Homolog... by Maite Arrizubieta, Oihane Simón, Adriana Ricarte-Bermejo, Miguel López-Ferber, Trevor Williams, Primitivo Caballero

“…End-point dilution assays on ODVs from cooccluded mixed-virus OBs confirmed the presence of both viruses in 41.9–55.6% of wells that were predicted to have been infected by a single ODV. A control experiment indicated that this result was unlikely to be due to the adhesion of HearSNPV ODVs to HearMNPV ODVs or accidental contamination during ODV band extraction. …”
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Bacterial Community Assembly, Succession, and Metabolic Function during Outdoor Cultivation of Microchloropsis salina by Megan M. Morris, Jeffrey A. Kimbrel, Haifeng Geng, Mary Bao Tran-Gyamfi, Eizadora T. Yu, Kenneth L. Sale, Todd W. Lane, Xavier Mayali

“…Collectively, the microbial community may interact with the alga in cultivation via exchange of secondary metabolites which could affect algal success, which we demonstrate as a possible outcome from controlled experiments with metabolically analogous isolates. …”
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Enhanced intermediate-temperature CO[subscript 2] splitting using nonstoichiometric ceria and ceria–zirconia by Uddi, Mruthunjaya, Zhao, Zhenlong, Ghoniem, Ahmed F, Tsvetkov, Nikolai, Yildiz, Bilge

“…Compared to what has been reported previously, we observe higher splitting kinetics, resulting from the utilization of fine particles and well-controlled experiments which ensure a surface-limited-process. …”
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Applications of axial and radial compressor dynamic system modeling by Spakovszky, Zoltán S. (Zoltán Sándor), 1972-

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Consumption of online services : consumption of information good & team performance in online gaming by Xiao, Yuhong

“…Concurrently, quantities that are unreasonable for the consumption context reduces the motivation to avoid loss by suggesting that losses is acceptable in the context. We ran 4 controlled experiments with about 500 participants to study the phenomenon. …”
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Fractionation of Heavy Metals in Multi-Contaminated Soil Treated with Biochar Using the Sequential Extraction Procedure by Mahrous Awad, Zhongzhen Liu, Milan Skalicky, Eldessoky S. Dessoky, Marian Brestic, Sonia Mbarki, Anshu Rastogi, Ayman EL Sabagh

“…It also confirms that performing more controlled experiments, such as a pot, is a disciplined and effective way to assess the suitability of different types of biochar as soil modifications to restore HMs contaminated soil via controlling the mobilization of these minerals.…”
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Controllable Assembly of Vanadium-Containing Polyoxoniobate-Based Materials and Their Electrocatalytic Activity for Selective Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation by Xiaoxia Li, Ni Zhen, Chengpeng Liu, Di Zhang, Jing Dong, Yingnan Chi, Changwen Hu

“…Under ambient conditions without adding an alkaline additive, compound <b>1</b> as a noble metal free electrocatalyst can achieve 92% conversion of benzyl alcohol, giving a Faraday efficiency of 93%; comparatively, <b>2</b> converted 79% of the substrate with a Faraday efficiency of 84%. The control experiments indicate that both the alkaline polyoxoniobate cluster and the capped vanadium atoms play an important role during the electrocatalytic oxidation process.…”
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Enhanced Fluorescence Characteristics of SrAl₂O₄: Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ Phosphor by Co-Doping Gd³⁺ and Anti-Counterfeiting Application by Peng Gao, Quanxiao Liu, Jiao Wu, Jun Jing, Wenguan Zhang, Junying Zhang, Tao Jiang, Jigang Wang, Yuansheng Qi, Zhenjun Li

“…Temperature and concentration control experiments were conducted on these materials to determine the optimal reaction temperature and ion doping concentration for each sample. …”
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Effects of home confinement on physical activity, nutrition, and sleep quality during the COVID-19 outbreak in amateur and elite athletes by Morteza Taheri, Morteza Taheri, Kadijeh Irandoust, Kadijeh Irandoust, Luis Felipe Reynoso-Sánchez, Hussein Muñoz-Helú, Karla Noelia Cruz-Morales, Raymundo Torres-Ramírez, Masoud Mirmoezzi, Leila Youzbashi, Fatemeh Mirakhori, Fatemeh Mirakhori, Ismail Dergaa, Ismail Dergaa, Ismail Dergaa, Rodrigo Luiz Vancini, Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Diana Korinna Zazueta-Beltrán, Hassane Zouhal, Hassane Zouhal, Roxana Abril Morales-Beltrán, Yusuf Soylu, Amairani Molgado-Sifuentes, Juan González-Hernández, Germán Hernández-Cruz, Luis Bernardo Bojorquez Castro, Cem Kurt, Khaled Trabelsi, Hamdi Chtourou, Hamdi Chtourou, Ali Seghatoleslami, Manuel Octavio López-Camacho, Ramón Ernesto Mendoza-Baldenebro, Farnaz Torabi, Helmi Ben Saad, Jad Adrian Washif, Jana Strahler, Andressa Fontes Guimarães-Mataruna, Tyler W. Lebaron, Tyler W. Lebaron, Tyler W. Lebaron, Ebrahim Shaabani Ezdini, Marjan Sadat Rezaei, Mozhgan Moshtagh, Fatma Hilal Yagin, Mehmet Gülü, Atefeh Esmaeili, Patrick Müller, Achraf Ammar, Achraf Ammar, Achraf Ammar, Egeria Scoditti, Sergio Garbarino, Luca Puce, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Hadi Nobari

“…Furthermore, the relevance of maintaining high levels of PA for amateurs and good quality dietary habits by elite athletes was noted by the moderating effect that both variables had on the influence of the controllable experience during the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality.…”
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