Contraceptive utilization among new exotic dancers: a cross-sectional study by Mishka Terplan, Caitlin E. Martin, Jennifer Nail, Susan G. Sherman

“…Sex work (45%), alcohol use disorder (73%), illicit (44%; e.g., heroin, crack, cocaine), and injection drug use (8%) were common. …”
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EFFECTS OF ILLICIT DRUG CONSUMPTION ON ORAL HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE: A NARRATIVE REVIEW by Alice Murariu, Livia Bobu, Simona Stoleriu, Diana Zapodeanu, Lorena Morărașu, Elena Raluca Baciu

“…Among the illicit drugs, alcohol and marijuana are less damaging for health as compared to cocaine and crack cocaine which may result in serious and sometimes lethal diseases.…”
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Modulation of neuropeptide Y levels is impaired in crack withdrawal patients by Fabiana Galland, Jaqueline B. Schuch, Daiane Silvello, Karina Ligabue, Fernanda Hansen, Juliana N. Scherer, Anne O. Sordi, Lisia von Diemen

“…There are few studies evaluating the effect of NPY levels on addiction, especially in crack cocaine dependence. Objective To evaluate NPY in crack users during early withdrawal to determine its relationship with drug use and cortisol levels. …”
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The burgeoning HIV/HCV syndemic in the urban Northeast: HCV, HIV, and HIV/HCV coinfection in an urban setting. by Jamie P Morano, Britton A Gibson, Frederick L Altice

“…Both monoinfection and coinfection status were independently correlated with crack cocaine use and increasing age. HIV/HCV coinfection was correlated with men having sex with men (MSM) (AOR = 38.53, p<0.0080), shooting gallery use (AOR = 3.06, p<0.0070), and not completing high school (AOR = 2.51, p<0.0370). …”
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Uptake of Community-Based Peer Administered HIV Point-of-Care Testing: Findings from the PROUD Study. by Lisa Lazarus, Sheetal Patel, Ashley Shaw, Sean Leblanc, Christine Lalonde, Manisha Hladio, Kira Mandryk, Cynthia Horvath, William Petrcich, Claire Kendall, Mark W Tyndall, Proud Community Advisory Committee

“…From March-October 2013, 593 people who reported injecting drugs or smoking crack cocaine were enrolled through street-based recruitment. …”
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The test-retest reliability of the Opiate Treatment Index in nyaope users in Johannesburg by Kelebogile Pitsoane, Nirvana Morgan, Sumaya Mall

“…Brennan–Prediger coefficients were as follows: alcohol – 0.96, crack-cocaine – 0.89, cannabis – 0.92, methaqualone – 0.85 and crystal methamphetamine – 0.89. …”
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Surviving crack: a qualitative study of the strategies and tactics developed by Brazilian users to deal with the risks associated with the drug by Nappo Solange A, Sanchez Zila M, Ribeiro Luciana A

“…However, there is evidence that some users manage to stay alive and active while using crack cocaine for many years, despite the numerous adversities and risks involved with this behavior. …”
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Relational stigma as a social determinant of health: “I'm not what you _____see me as” by Michelle Addison, Monique Lhussier, Clare Bambra

“…Methods: This paper draws on 24 qualitative semi-structured interviews with people who use drugs (heroin, crack/cocaine, amphetamine, ecstasy; 11 men/12 women/1 transgender) living in the northeast of England. …”
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Changes in lung function in adolescents with substance use disorders: an exploratory study by Daniela Benvenutti Kaiber, João Henrique Chrusciel, Maiara Martins, Bernardo Mattos, Miguel Gomes, Luis Eduardo Wearick-Silva, Márcio Vinícius Fagundes Donadio, Frederico Friedrich, Marcus Herbert Jones, Thiago Wendt Viola

“…In addition, the years of regular use of smoked substances (tobacco, marijuana, and crack cocaine) correlated negatively with the FVC%. …”
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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in a substance use harm reduction setting by P. Frias, J. Vilares

“…The COVID-19 pandemic brought about an economic crises, impacting mainly people from lower classes, associated with an increased prevalence of heroine and crack cocaine use and exacerbating previous SUDs. Objectives Describe changes in a HR population treated in HR context in Gaia, Portugal. …”
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Geographic information system-based screening for TB, HIV, and syphilis (GIS-THIS): a cross-sectional study. by Neela D Goswami, Emily J Hecker, Carter Vickery, Marshall A Ahearn, Gary M Cox, David P Holland, Susanna Naggie, Carla Piedrahita, Ann Mosher, Yvonne Torres, Brianna L Norton, Sujit Suchindran, Paul H Park, Debbie Turner, Jason E Stout

“…Combined screening for tuberculosis, HIV, and syphilis were conducted at the hot spots; participants with positive tests were referred to the health department.Participants (N = 247) reported high-risk characteristics: 67% previously incarcerated, 40% had lived in a homeless shelter, and 29% had a history of crack cocaine use. However, 34% reported never having been tested for HIV, and 41% did not recall prior tuberculin skin testing. …”
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Cannabidiol Treatment Might Promote Resilience to Cocaine and Methamphetamine Use Disorders: A Review of Possible Mechanisms by Claudia Calpe-López, M. Pilar García-Pardo, Maria A. Aguilar

“…Observational studies suggest that CBD may reduce problems related with crack-cocaine addiction, such as withdrawal symptoms, craving, impulsivity and paranoia (Fischer et al., 2015). …”
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Feasibility and willingness-to-pay for integrated community-based tuberculosis testing by Vickery Carter, Torres Yvonne, Turner Debbie, Mosher Ann, Cox Gary M, Naggie Susanna, Holland David P, Hecker Emily, Goswami Neela D, Ahearn Marshall A, Blain Michela LM, Rasmussen Petra, Stout Jason E

“…</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Behavioral and social risk factors among the 113 subjects were prevalent (71% prior incarceration, 27% prior or current crack cocaine use, 35% homelessness), and only 38% had a regular healthcare provider. …”
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Epidemiology of drug abuse treatment in South Africa by Shandir Ramlagan, Karl Peltzer, Gladys Matseke

“…Treatment records show that the most frequent substance of abuse was alcohol (51%), followed by cannabis (21%), crack/cocaine (9.6%), heroin/opiates (7.9%), methamphetamine (Tik) (4.5%), prescription/over-the-counter drugs (2.0%), and cannabis/mandrax (1.7%). …”
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Levamisole tainted cocaine causing severe neutropenia in Alberta and British Columbia by Fan Shihe, LeGatt Donald, Achebe Ifeoma, Skuridina Nataliya, Buxton Jane A, Knowles Lewinda, Yan Zhu Nancy, Talbot James

“…Of the 42 NATC cases: 23(55%) were from Alberta; 19(45%) were from British Columbia; 57% of these cases reported crack cocaine use (93% of those who identified type of cocaine used); 7% reported using cocaine powder; and the main route of cocaine administration was from smoking (72%). …”
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Prevalence and correlates of substance use and associations with HIV-related outcomes among trans women in the San Francisco Bay Area by Elaine Hsiang, Akua Gyamerah, Glenda Baguso, Jennifer Jain, Willi McFarland, Erin C. Wilson, Glenn-Milo Santos

“…Results Over half (52.9%) reported using substances in the prior year, most frequently marijuana, methamphetamine, and crack/cocaine. Those with unmet gender-affirming health care needs, lack of insurance, or a history of experiencing racial violence, transphobic violence, adult housing instability, or extreme poverty had higher odds of substance use. …”
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Cocaine: An Updated Overview on Chemistry, Detection, Biokinetics, and Pharmacotoxicological Aspects including Abuse Pattern by Rita Roque Bravo, Ana Carolina Faria, Andreia Machado Brito-da-Costa, Helena Carmo, Přemysl Mladěnka, Diana Dias da Silva, Fernando Remião, on behalf of The OEMONOM Researchers

“…Cocaine can usually be found in two forms, cocaine hydrochloride, a white powder, or ‘crack’ cocaine, the free base. While the first is commonly administered by insufflation (‘snorting’) or intravenously, the second is adapted for inhalation (smoking). …”
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Affinity for risky behaviors following prenatal and early childhood exposure to tetrachloroethylene (PCE)-contaminated drinking water: a retrospective cohort study by Aschengrau Ann, Weinberg Janice M, Janulewicz Patricia A, Romano Megan E, Gallagher Lisa G, Winter Michael R, Martin Brett R, Vieira Veronica M, Webster Thomas F, White Roberta F, Ozonoff David M

“…Specific drugs for which increased risks were observed included crack/cocaine, psychedelics/hallucinogens, club/designer drugs, Ritalin without a prescription, and heroin (RRs:1.4-2.1). …”
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Rapid assessment of drug use and sexual HIV risk patterns among vulnerable drugusing populations in Cape Town, Durban and Pretoria, South Africa by Charles Parry, Petal Petersen, Tara Carney, Sarah Dewing, Richard Needle

“…Non-injection drug use (mainly cannabis, methaqualone, crack cocaine and crystal methamphetamine) and injection drug use (mainly heroin) was occurring in these cities. …”
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Gaps and barriers in drug and alcohol treatment following implementation of the affordable care act by Catherine Tomko, Mark Olfson, Ramin Mojtabai

“…The sample (n = 44,622) included respondents 18–64 years old, income <200% federal poverty level, and meeting SUD criteria for abuse or dependence of heroin, powdered cocaine, crack cocaine, marijuana, or alcohol. The primary outcome was NSDUH-defined past-year illicit drug or alcohol treatment gap (needing but not receiving SUD specialty treatment). …”
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