DEROGASI DAN EUFEMISASI PADA CRASH by , AGWIN DEGAF, , Prof. Dr. Soepomo Poedjosoedarmo

“…Those discursive moves are manifested through the use of a particular lexicon where it indicates how someone makes the choice of words on the word possibilities that are available. Third, the use of derogatory and euphemism words certainly can not be separated from the reason why these words are used, it is associated with the function. …”

The comments of voices on the appearance of patients with psychosis: 'the voices tell me that I am ugly' by Waite, F, Diamond, R, Collett, N, Chadwick, E, Bold, E, Teale, A, Taylor, K, Kirkham, M, Twivy, E, Causier, C, Carr, L, Bird, J, Černis, E, Isham, L, Freeman, D

“…The occurrence of negative voice content directly about appearance is therefore plausible. Derogatory comments about appearance are likely to be distressing, increase depression and contribute to social withdrawal.…”

The vulnerability of Bajau Laut as stateless people in Sabah by Wan Shawaluddin Wan Hassan, Diana Peters

“…The Bajau Laut or Sea Bajau or also often referred to with the derogatory label Palauh by other communities, are known to be living within their ancestral domain of the Sulu and the Celebes Seas or the Sulu-Semporna-South Sulawesi Triangle. …”
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Effects of General Election-14 on the Social Well-Being of the People of Malay Race in Malaysia by Mohd Nasir Drahman, Mohd Nasir Drahman, Harliana Halim, Harliana Halim, Riki Rahman, Riki Rahman, Syamimi Waznah Hamdon, Syamimi Waznah Hamdon

“…This disruption stems from the actions of nonMalay individuals who frequently challenged the privileged status of Malays and engaged in derogatory remarks about the Sultan and the Islamic faith. …”
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Are fraud victims nothing more than animals? Critiquing the propagation of “pig butchering” (Sha Zhu Pan, 杀猪盘) by Jack M. Whittaker, Suleman Lazarus, Taidgh Corcoran

“…While academic works subject ''pig butchering'' to critical scrutiny and refrain from endorsing derogatory terms to depict fraud victims, numerous media outlets employ this term uncritically, further worsening the predicament of these victims. …”
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Students’ perceptions of the influence of media on perpetuating xenophobia in South African universities by Quatro Mgogo, Oluyinka Osunkunle

“…The South African print media’s perpetuated negative stereotypes and its adoption of derogatory names – amakwerekwere, amagrigamba, aliens, illegal immigrants, ‘my friend’ – to represent immigrants (especially from other African countries) were highlighted as some of the contributing factors toward ongoing xenophobic violence. …”
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Ley de Caducidad en Uruguay y esencia ético-política de la izquierda by Ana Buriano

“…While in 1989 the Frente Amplio (FA) assumed and promoted the derogatory referendum, in 2009 the social organizations won the centrality of the scene. …”
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Varenicline induced auditory hallucinations in a young female with bipolar disorder: a case report by S. Bhanot, V. W. L. Tsang, L. Jia

“…The patient also reported hearing auditory hallucinations of a derogatory nature, with her mood appearing more distressed during varenicline use. …”
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A retrospective study exploring how South African newspapers framed Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders over an 11-year period (2004–2014) by Nombuso Masinga, Patrick Nyamaruze, Olagoke Akintola

“…Media framing of the cultural interpretations of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders tended to be derogatory and therefore stigmatising. Most news stories framed schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders as mainly caused by using psychoactive drugs/substance with Cannabis as the most frequently mentioned psychoactive drug. …”
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Extent and types of gender-based discrimination against female medical students and physicians at five university hospitals in Germany – results of an online survey by Tameling, Jan-Filip, Lohöfener, Mareike, Bereznai, Judith, Tran, Thi Phuong Anh, Ritter, Marie, Boos, Margarete

“…Their experiences fell into five main categories: sexual harassment with subcategories of verbal and physical, discrimination based on existing/possible motherhood with subcategories of structural and verbal, direct preference for men, direct neglect of women, and derogatory treatment based on gender.Conclusion: The study contributes to filling the aforementioned research gap. …”
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Women in the Public Sphere: Gender Equality in Islamic Theology by Lestari Dara Cinta Utami Ginting, Vivi Adryani Nasution, Aris Suhendar, Alya Rahma Nasution, All Rizky Ramadhan

“…The author argues that the Qur'anic principles of gender equality can be applied to modern efforts to eliminate derogatory stereotypes. …”
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Teachers’ Perceptions of Bullying of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning (LGBTQ) Students in a Southwestern Pennsylvania Sample by Jered B. Kolbert, Laura M. Crothers, Matthew J. Bundick, Daniel S. Wells, Julie Buzgon, Cassandra Berbary, Jordan Simpson, Katherine Senko

“…Teachers’ perceptions of a higher level of staff and student support was associated with higher reported frequencies of students’ use of derogatory language about LGBTQ individuals and various types of bullying of LGBTQ students. …”
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Representations of Indian ascetics: from Johann Martin Honigberger’s memoir to early twentieth century Romanian newspapers and journals by Ayusman Chakraborty, Dana Radler

“…Outside their country of origin, they are often negatively stereotyped to foster derogatory understandings of the Others and their cultures. …”
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The crime of insult: Legal regulation and language analysis of insult in court judgments by Ranđelović Višnja, Spasić Jelena

“…Sublings of the mother, pejoratives, vulgarism, metaphorical nominations with negative connotation, and lexemes marked by the bearer of socially unacceptable traits and ethnicities used with derogatory meaning are among the most common funds. …”
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Sex sells, but at what cost? by Chin, Hui Shan, Deepanraj Ganesan A C, Nurin Sofia Muhamad Azman, Tan, Siobhan Su-Hann

“…Monetary gratification aside, these content creators face issues that money cannot solve such as getting harassed on the streets or having derogatory insults hurled at them. Despite these drawbacks, content creators are not defeated as the ultimate goal for many is to create a safe space to promote sex-positivity without any harsh judgment. …”
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Mykhailo Bernov as a Pioneer of Hiking Tourism: Travels Through the South of Ukraine and the Ukraine and the Crimea (Part I. South of Ukraine. August, 1895) by Vitaliy Andryeyev, Svitlana Andryeyeva, Oleksandr Kariaka

“…Bernov is characterized by an imperial style of thinking, the use of derogatory names of ethnic groups and territories, which was common in the Russian Empire at the end of the 19th century. …”
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Lurking as a mode of listening in social media: motivations-based typologies by Theodora Dame Adjin-Tettey, Anthea Garman

“…In the rather limited studies on online attention, the concept that has gained consideration is “lurking”, and this practice has often been treated as a derogatory non-activity or as passivity. The interest to study lurking is based on the premise that lurking is a significant ground on which listening occurs in social media and through which voice can be given attention. …”
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Hate speech in adolescents: A binational study on prevalence and demographic differences by Melisa Castellanos, Alexander Wettstein, Sebastian Wachs, Sebastian Wachs, Julia Kansok-Dusche, Cindy Ballaschk, Norman Krause, Ludwig Bilz

“…Hate speech, or intentional derogatory expressions about people based on assigned group characteristics, has been studied primarily in online contexts. …”
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Opera and nationalism in mid-eighteenth-century Britain by Aspden, S, Aspden, Suzanne

“…While 'Hurlothrumbo' was used as a derogatory epithet until the end of the century, this operatic work also provides a fascinating example of how opera producers might try to negotiate British unease. …”

(Nie)honoryfikatywne sposoby określania znanych publicznie osób w polskim dyskursie medialnym na Litwie by Irena Masojć

“…Depending on the formal or pragmatic context, this item may endow a construction with a shade of respect or, conversely, make it derogatory. The female honorific pani firstly has a grammatical function: it is used with the titles and surnames which are masculine in form as the only indicator of female gender (e.g. pani prezydent, pani premier Szydło).   …”
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