Poor antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination are associated with high re-infection rates in haemodialysis and renal transplant patients by Shankar, S, Beckett, J, Tipton, T, Ogbe, A, Kasanyinga, M, Dold, C, Lumley, S, Dengu, F, Rompianesi, G, Elgilani, F, Longet, S, Deeks, A, Payne, RP, Duncan, CJA, Richter, AG, Silva, TI, Turtle, L, Bull, K, Barnardo, M, Dunachie, S, Hester, J, Friend, P, Issa, F, Barnes, E, Carroll, MW, Klenerman, P

“…<p><strong>Background:</strong> Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection and mount poor antibody responses to standard vaccines. …”

Automated imaging technologies for the diagnosis of glaucoma: a comparative diagnostic study for the evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy, performance as triage tests and cost-eff... by Azuara-Blanco, A, Banister, K, Boachie, C, McMeekin, P, Gray, J, Burr, J, Bourne, R, Garway-Heath, D, Batterbury, M, Hernández, R, McPherson, G, Ramsay, C, Cook, J

“…The reference standard was clinical examination by a consultant ophthalmologist with glaucoma expertise including visual field testing and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement.(1) Diagnostic performance of imaging, using data from the eye with most severe disease. (2) Composite triage test performance (imaging test, IOP measurement and visual acuity measurement), using data from both eyes, in correctly identifying clinical management decisions, that is 'discharge' or 'do not discharge'. …”

Collateral impacts of pandemic COVID-19 drive the nosocomial spread of antibiotic resistance: a modelling study by Smith, DRM, Shirreff, G, Temime, L, Opatowski, L

“…These settings have been greatly impacted by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, notably due to surges in COVID-19 caseloads and the implementation of infection control measures. …”

Comparison of a restrictive versus liberal red cell transfusion policy for patients with myelodysplasia, aplastic anaemia, and other congenital bone marrow failure disorders by Gu, Y, Estcourt, L, Doree, C, Hopewell, S, Vyas, P, Trivella, M

“…MDS is predominantly a disease of the elderly, with many elderly people managed conservatively with regular allogeneic red blood cell (RBC) transfusions to treat their anaemia. …”

Identification and functional analysis of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in the skin and in lesional skin biopsies of patients with atopic dermatitis by Salimi, M

“…Current evidence suggests that both skin barrier dysfunction and immune system abnormalities, particularly those of a type 2 phenotype, contribute to disease pathogenesis. We demonstrated that ILC2 are enriched in lesional skin biopsies from atopic patients and show higher expression of cytokine receptors, reflecting an activated phenotype. …”

WITHDRAWN: Tamoxifen for early breast cancer. by Clarke, M

“…The proportional mortality reductions were similar for women with node-positive and node-negative disease, but the absolute mortality reductions were greater in node-positive women. …”

Early asthma prophylaxis, natural history, skeletal development and economy (EASE): a pilot randomised controlled trial. by Baxter-Jones, A, Helms, P, Russell, G, Grant, A, Ross, S, Cairns, J, Ritchie, L, Taylor, R, Reid, D, Osman, L, Robins, S, Fletcher, M

“…Subjects were also required to be naïve to prophylactic therapy with no other lung disease/concomitant illness. INTERVENTIONS: Subjects were randomised to ss2-agonist (ss2-only group) or ss2-agonist and ICS (ICS group) for 6 months. …”

Diarrhea illness in livestock keeping households in Cambodia: an analysis using a One Health Framework by Asakura, S, Khieu, B, Seng, S, Pok, S, Ty, C, Phiny, C, Srey, T, Blacksell, SD, Gilbert, J, Grace, D, Alonso, S

“…We discuss mediating and confounding factors and make recommendations for reducing the burden of diarrheal disease in Cambodia and more widely in low- and middle-income countries.…”

A phase Ib/II study of ivosidenib with venetoclax plus /- azacitidine in IDH1-mutated myeloid malignancies by Lachowiez, CA, Borthakur, G, Loghavi, S, Zeng, Z, Kadia, TM, Masarova, L, Takahashi, K, Tippett, GD, Smith, S, Garcia, JS, Bose, P, Jabbour, E, Ravandi, F, Daver, NG, Garcia-Manero, G, Stoilova, B, Vyas, P, Kantarjian, HM, Konopleva, M, Dinardo, CD

“…Median number of cycles received was 4 (DL1: 8.5, DL2: 6, DL3: 4) with ongoing responses in 62% (DL1: 33%, DL2: 50%, DL3: 82%) at 1-year. 8 patients transitioned to SCT (DL1: 0, DL2: 2, DL3: 6), and 8 patients remain on study (DL1: 2, DL2: 1, DL3: 5). 1-year OS was 68% for the entire study population (DL1: 50%, DL2: 67%, DL3: 78%), 71% in ND-AML (TN: 86%, sAML: 60%), 50% in R/R-AML, and 100% in MDS. Measurable residual disease negative CRc by multiparameter flow cytometry was attained in 60% (ND-AML: 67%, R/R-AML: 60%, MDS: 33%) correlating with improved OS (median OS: NR vs. 8.5 months, p-value: 0.038). …”

Gatifloxacin versus ceftriaxone for uncomplicated enteric fever in Nepal: an open-label, two-centre, randomised controlled trial. by Arjyal, A, Basnyat, B, Nhan, H, Koirala, S, Giri, A, Joshi, N, Shakya, M, Pathak, K, Mahat, S, Prajapati, S, Adhikari, N, Thapa, R, Merson, L, Gajurel, D, Lamsal, K, Lamsal, D, Yadav, B, Shah, G, Shrestha, P, Dongol, S, Karkey, A, Thompson, C, Thieu, N, Thanh, D, Baker, S, Thwaites, G, Wolbers, M, Dolecek, C

“…The primary outcome was a composite of treatment failure, defined as the occurrence of at least one of the following: fever clearance time of more than 7 days after treatment initiation; the need for rescue treatment on day 8; microbiological failure (ie, blood cultures positive for Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, or Paratyphi A, B, or C) on day 8; or relapse or disease-related complications within 28 days of treatment initiation. …”

Investigating the role of cysteamine dioxygenase in oxygen sensing by Heathcote, K

“…Knowledge of ADO’s activity on novel protein substrates, and inhibitors thereof, can help to characterise the hypoxic response and could be important in disease conditions, such as ischaemia and cancer.</p>…”

Epidemiological, social, diagnostic and economic evaluation of population screening for genital chlamydial infection. by Low, N, McCarthy, A, Macleod, J, Salisbury, C, Campbell, R, Roberts, T, Horner, P, Skidmore, S, Sterne, J, Sanford, E, Ibrahim, F, Holloway, A, Patel, R, Barton, P, Robinson, S, Mills, N, Graham, A, Herring, A, Caul, E, Davey Smith, G, Hobbs, F, Ross, J, Egger, M

“…If estimated screening uptake and pelvic inflammatory disease incidence were increased, the cost-effectiveness ratio fell to 3700 pounds/major outcome averted. …”

COVID-19 hospital admissions and deaths after BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccinations in 2·57 million people in Scotland (EAVE II): a prospective cohort study by Agrawal, U, Katikireddi, SV, McCowan, C, Mulholland, RH, Azcoaga-Lorenzo, A, Amele, S, Fagbamigbe, AF, Vasileiou, E, Grange, Z, Shi, T, Kerr, S, Moore, E, Murray, JLK, Shah, SA, Ritchie, L, O'Reilly, D, Stock, SJ, Beggs, J, Chuter, A, Torabi, F, Akbari, A, Bedston, S, McMenamin, J, Wood, R, Tang, RSM, de Lusignan, S, Hobbs, FDR, Woolhouse, M, Simpson, CR, Robertson, C, Sheikh, A

“…Sociodemographic and clinical features known to increase the risk of severe disease in unvaccinated populations were also associated with severe outcomes in people receiving their first dose of vaccine and could help inform case management and future vaccine policy formulation. …”

Weekly platinum-based chemotherapy versus 3-weekly platinum-based chemotherapy for newly diagnosed ovarian cancer (ICON8): quality-of-life results of a phase 3, randomised, control... by Blagden, S, Cook, AD, Poole, C, Howells, L, McNeish, IA, Dean, A, Kim, JW, O’Donnell, DM, Hook, J, James, EC, White, IR, Perren, T, Lord, R, Dark, G, Earl, HM, Hall, M, Kaplan, R, Ledermann, JA, Clamp, AR

“…Randomisation was stratified by GCIG group, disease stage, and outcome and timing of surgery. …”

Thromboprophylactic low-molecular-weight heparin versus standard of care in unvaccinated, at-risk outpatients with COVID-19 (ETHIC): an open-label, multicentre, randomised, control... by Cools, F, Virdone, S, Sawhney, J, Lopes, RD, Jacobson, B, Arcelus, JI, Hobbs, FDR, Gibbs, H, Himmelreich, JCL, MacCallum, P, Schellong, S, Haas, S, Turpie, AGG, Ageno, W, Rocha, AT, Kayani, G, Pieper, K, Kakkar, AK, ETHIC investigators

“…We consecutively enrolled participants aged at least 30 years who had not received a COVID-19 vaccine and had symptomatic, confirmed COVID-19 in the outpatient setting plus at least one risk factor for severe disease. Within 9 days of symptom onset and by use of a web-based random block design (block size either 2 or 4), eligible participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either subcutaneous enoxaparin for 21 days (40 mg once daily if they weighed <100 kg and 40 mg twice daily if they weighed ≥100 kg) or standard of care (without enoxaparin). …”

Lentiviral delivery of CRISPR Cas9 prime editing system for cystic fibrosis by Satyapertiwi, D

“…The inherent adaptability of the strategy for targeting other disease-causing mutations further highlights the usefulness of this approach.…”

First dose ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccinations and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: a pooled self-controlled case series study of 11.6 million individuals in England, Scotl... by Kerr, S, Joy, M, Torabi, F, Bedston, S, Akbari, A, Agrawal, U, Beggs, J, Bradley, D, Chuter, A, Docherty, AB, Ford, D, Hobbs, R, Katikireddi, SV, Lowthian, E, de Lusignan, S, Lyons, R, Marple, J, McCowan, C, McGagh, D, McMenamin, J, Moore, E, Murray, J-LK, Owen, RK, Pan, J, Ritchie, L, Shah, SA, Shi, T, Stock, S, Tsang, RSM, Vasileiou, E, Woolhouse, M, Simpson, CR, Robertson, C, Sheikh, A

“…Large datasets are required to precisely estimate the association between Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and CVST due to the extreme rarity of this event. …”

Implementation of treatment guidelines for specialist mental health care. by Bighelli, I, Ostuzzi, G, Girlanda, F, Cipriani, A, Becker, T, Koesters, M, Barbui, C

“…One trial, which studied a nurse-led intervention aimed at promoting cardiovascular disease screening, found a significant effect in the proportion of people receiving screening (Framingham score: N = 110, RR 0.69, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.87), although in the analysis corrected for cluster design, the effect was no longer statistically significant (N = 38, RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.48 to 1.03, very low-quality evidence).One trial reported the patient outcomes of global state, satisfaction with care, treatment adherence, and drug attitude; no effect between treatments was seen. …”

Mechanical fractionation of the intervertebral disc by Molinari, M, Michael Bernard Molinari

“…<p>Chronic lower back pain is a major public health problem, with direct and indirect economic costs comparable to those of heart disease, depression and diabetes. In many cases this pain derives from degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD), a fibrous, avascular tissue that sits between the vertebrae in the spinal column. …”

The role of the polycystin genes, Pkd1l1 and Pkd2, in the determination of left-right asymmetry by Grimes, D

“…</p> <p>Bioinformatics and structural studies support a role for an extracellular polycystic kidney disease (PKD) domain within Pkd1l1 in the sensation of flow, whilst Pkd1l1 and Pkd2 are also shown to form physical associations mediated by intracellular coiled coil domains. …”