Orchid Bsister gene PeMADS28 displays conserved function in ovule integument development by Ching-Yu Shen, You-Yi Chen, Ke-Wei Liu, Hsiang-Chia Lu, Song-Bin Chang, Yu-Yun Hsiao, Fengxi Yang, Genfa Zhu, Shuang-quan Zou, Lai-Qiang Huang, Zhong-Jian Liu, Wen-Chieh Tsai

“…Abstract The ovules and egg cells are well developed to be fertilized at anthesis in many flowering plants. …”
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Fungal Pathogens of Maize Gaining Free Passage Along the Silk Road by Michelle E. H. Thompson, Manish N. Raizada

“…Silks are the long threads at the tips of maize ears onto which pollen land and sperm nuclei travel long distances to fertilize egg cells, giving rise to embryos and seeds; however fungal pathogens also use this route to invade developing grain, causing damaging ear rots with dangerous mycotoxins. …”
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Gonadal transcriptome analysis of hybrid triploid loaches (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) and their diploid and tetraploid parents. by He Zhou, Qi-Zheng Xu, Rui Zhang, Zi-Xin Zhuang, Yin-Qiang Ma, Wei Wang, Tian-Yu Ma, Yi Sui, Yang Liu, Xiaojuan Cao

“…The triploid offspring had inferior ability to form sperm and egg cells compared with diploid forms. After sequencing the transcriptomes, 655,109,158 clean reads were obtained, and 62,821 unigenes and 178,962 transcripts were assembled. …”
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Cell phone radiation effects on cytogenetic abnormalities of oral mucosal cells by Natália Batista DAROIT, Fernanda VISIOLI, Alessandra Selinger MAGNUSSON, Geila Radunz VIEIRA, Pantelis Varvaki RADOS

“…The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of exposure to cell phone electromagnetic radiation on the frequency of micronuclei, broken eggs cells, binucleated cells, and karyorrhexis in epithelial cells of the oral mucosa. …”
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Viral and nonviral delivery systems for gene delivery by Nouri Nayerossadat, Talebi Maedeh, Palizban Abas Ali

“…In this review we explain about the history of gene therapy, all types of gene delivery systems for germline (nuclei, egg cells, embryonic stem cells, pronuclear, microinjection, sperm cells) and somatic cells by viral [retroviral, adenoviral, adeno association, helper-dependent adenoviral systems, hybrid adenoviral systems, herpes simplex, pox virus, lentivirus, Epstein-Barr virus)] and nonviral systems (physical: Naked DNA, DNA bombardant, electroporation, hydrodynamic, ultrasound, magnetofection) and (chemical: Cationic lipids, different cationic polymers, lipid polymers). …”
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Pluripotent stem cells and reprogramming in human and farm animals by Jernej OGOREVC, Peter DOVČ

“…Until recently it was possible to obtain stem cells only from embryos in the early stages of development (embryonic stem cells – ESCs) or by using very inefficient and technically difficult method of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) that requires use of egg cells (oocytes). Both methods raised ethical concerns, especially when using human biological material. …”
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New insights into the role of microheterogeneity of ZP3 during structural maturation of the avian equivalent of mammalian zona pellucida. by Hiroki Okumura, Ayaka Mizuno, Eri Iwamoto, Rio Sakuma, Shunsuke Nishio, Ken-Ichi Nishijima, Tsukasa Matsuda, Minoru Ujita

“…The egg coat including mammalian zona pellucida (ZP) and the avian equivalent, i.e., inner-perivitelline layer (IPVL), is a specialized extracellular matrix being composed of the ZP glycoproteins and surrounds both pre-ovulatory oocytes and ovulated egg cells in vertebrates. The egg coat is well known for its potential importance in both the reproduction and early development, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. …”
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Social differentiation of the perception and human tissues donation for research purposes by Anita Majchrowska, Michał Wiechetek, Jan Domaradzki, Jakub Pawlikowski

“…According to the study, people were most willing to donate urine (73.9%), blood (69.7%), hair and tears (69.6%) and the least willing to donate post-mortem brain fragments (20%), sperm (males; 36.4%) and egg cells (females; 39.6%). A factor analysis revealed four sociocultural categories of donated tissues: irrelevant, redundant, ordinary and sensitive. …”
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The Centriole’s Role in Miscarriages by Tomer Avidor-Reiss, Tomer Avidor-Reiss, Luke Achinger, Rustem Uzbekov, Rustem Uzbekov

“…Centrioles with evolutionarily conserved characteristics are found in most animal cell types but are absent in egg cells and exhibit unexpectedly high structural, compositional, and functional diversity in sperm cells. …”
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Only two sex forms but multiple gender variants: How to explain? by Arnold De Loof

“…A major question is why are there only two types of gametes (sperm- and egg cells), two types of sex steroids, (androgens and estrogens in vertebrates, and two types of ecdysteroids in insects), while the reproduction-related behaviour of the gamete producers displays a much greater variability than just two prominent forms, namely heterosexual males and heterosexual females? …”
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A Study on the Causes of Apomixis in <i>Malus shizongensis</i> by Yuchen Feng, Ruiyuan Ning, Zidun Wang, Ying He, Yu Hu, Lulong Sun, Zhenzhong Liu

“…Apomixis is a unique reproductive process that produces fertile offspring without the combination of sperm and egg cells. This process perfectly reproduces maternal DNA, making it possible to fix heterosis during reproduction. …”
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Controlled Induction of Parthenogenesis in Transgenic Rice via Post-translational Activation of PsASGR-BBML by Gurjot Singh Sidhu, Joann A. Conner, Joann A. Conner, Peggy Ozias-Akins, Peggy Ozias-Akins

“…Parthenogenesis, embryogenesis from unfertilized egg cells, presents another potential method of haploid induction. …”
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Effect of Excessive Body Weight and Psoriasis in Women Undergoing ICSI Procedure and State of Health of the Newborn by Anita Wdowiak-Filip, Artur Wdowiak, Dorota Raczkiewicz, Joanna Bartosińska, Iwona Bojar

“…This study is aimed to assess effect of obesity and psoriasis on quality of egg cells, embryos, course of pregnancy, and state of a newborn after treatment with ICSI. …”
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Studies on Gynogenesis Induction in Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Unpollinated Ovule Culture by Zaida Lentini, Álfora González, Eddie Tabares, María E. Buitrago, Maria Wêdzony

“…In the unpollinated-cultured ovules, the presence of embryos formed probably from the egg cells and not surrounded by the endosperm, was documented by anatomical analyses. …”
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The Rise and Fall of Billionaire siRNAs during Reproductive Development in Rice by Lili Wang, Dachao Xu, Longjun Zeng, Dong-Lei Yang

“…In embryos and seedlings developed from fertilized egg cells, the bill-siRNAs from gametes disappeared. …”
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Assessment of Fertility in Female Offspring of Stressed Male Rats Treated with Sulpiride by Shahla Amiri, Farrin Babaei-Balderlou, Gholamreza Najafi

“…Results: The weight of the body and ovaries, percentage of egg cells, bicellular embryos, blastocysts, and hatched embryos after IVF, significantly reduced in offspring of stressed male rats compared with control group (P<0.05). …”
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On the embryonic cell division beyond the contractile ring mechanism: experimental and computational investigation of effects of vitelline confinement, temperature and egg size by Evgeny Gladilin, Roland Eils, Leonid Peshkin

“…We find that temperature affects the size and rate of dilatation of the vitelline membrane surrounding fertilized eggs and show that in native (not artificially devitellinized) egg cells the effects of temperature and vitelline envelope on mechanics of cell division are tightly interlinked. …”
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Genome editing approaches using reproductive cells/tissues in flowering plants by Erika Toda, Erika Toda, Norio Kato, Tetsuya Higashiyama, Takashi Okamoto

“…In this report, we review recent advances in genome editing methods for reproductive cells or tissues, which have roles in transmitting genetic material to the next-generation, such as egg cells, pollen grains, zygotes, immature zygotic embryos, and shoot apical meristems (SAMs). …”
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Two isoforms of the RAC-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor TIAM2 act oppositely on transmission ratio distortion by the mouse t-haplotype. by Yves Charron, Jürgen Willert, Bettina Lipkowitz, Barica Kusecek, Bernhard G Herrmann, Hermann Bauer

“…The t-sperm thus can reach the egg cells faster than +-sperm and fertilize them. Previously we have shown that the responder function is accomplished by a dominant negative form of sperm motility kinase (SMOKTCR), while the distorter functions are accomplished by the Rho G protein regulators TAGAP, FGD2 and NME3 proposed to function in two oppositely acting pathways. …”
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Salmonid polysialyltransferases to generate a variety of sialic acid polymers by Mathieu Decloquement, Marzia Tindara Venuto, Virginie Cogez, Anna Steinmetz, Céline Schulz, Cédric Lion, Maxence Noel, Vincent Rigolot, Roxana Elin Teppa, Christophe Biot, Alexander Rebl, Sebastian Peter Galuska, Anne Harduin-Lepers

“…In salmonids, heterogeneous set of sialic acids polymers have been described in ovary and on eggs cell surface and three genes st8sia4, st8sia2-r1 and st8sia2-r2 were identified that could be implicated in these heteropolymers. …”
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