Competitive Removal of Cu2+, Cd2+and Ni2+by Iron Oxide Nanoparticle (Fe3O4) by Shahlaa E. Ebrahim, Hasanain Saad Alhares

“…The results of adsorption show that the adsorption nature for heavy metals is an endothermic and physical nature process.…”
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The Effect of Different Ratios of Starch and Freeze–Thaw Treatment on the Properties of Konjac Glucomannan Gels by Yangyang Wang, Jie Liu, Yawei Liu

“…The detected retrogradation of the composite gels appeared for KGM–CS with 80% starch and F–KGM–CS with 40% starch. The endothermic enthalpy of free water rose by 10.6% and 10.1% with the increase in starch for KGM–CS and F–KGM–CS, respectively. …”
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Brief research report optimization of catalyst porosity arrangements for hydrogen production in microchannel reactors by methanol reforming by Junjie Chen, Yehao Yu

“…The catalyst porosities must be configured to improve the kinetics in the upstream or downstream sections of the reactor so that the endothermic and exothermic processes are thermally matched. …”
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Synthesis, characterization of KAlPO4F and its application for methyl violet adsorption by R. Bagtache, M. Trari

“…The thermodynamic parameters: ΔH° (39.034 kJ mol−1), ΔS° (134 J K−1 mol−1) and ΔG° (− 367.01 J mol−1) indicated that the adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous with increasing disorder at the solid–solution interface.…”
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Application of Innovative Analytical Modeling for the Physicochemical Analysis of Adsorption Isotherms of Silver Nitrate on Helicenes: Phenomenological Study of the Complexation Pr... by Hanen Souissi, Mohamed Ben Yahia

“…The interpretation of the two models’ parameters indicated that the adsorption of the two helicenes is an endothermic phenomenon. Interestingly, the heptahelicene is recommended for silver complexation because it shows the highest adsorption energies involving chemical bonds during the complexation process. …”
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The Synthesis and Characterization of Low-cost Mesoporous Silica SiO2 from Local Pumice Rock by Asmaa Mourhly, Mariam Khachani, Adnane El Hamidi, Mohammed Kacimi, Mohammed Halim, Said Arsalane

“…Thermal analysis of the silica powder under air atmosphere showed total mass losses of 6.5%, with endothermic effects corresponding to the removal of water molecules and the OH of silanol groups contained in the material. …”
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Enhanced Removal of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solutions Using Poly(Pyrrole)-g-Poly(Acrylic Acid-co- Acrylamide)/Fe3O4 Magnetic Hydrogel Nanocomposite Adsorbent by H. Hosseinzadeh, M. M. Tabatabai Asl

“…Further, the calculated values of the thermodynamic parameters (ΔH° = 31.33kJ mol–1, ΔS° = 105.67 J K–1 mol–1, ΔG° = –61.33 kJ mol–1) revealed that ion adsorption is a spontaneous and endothermic process. In general, the results indicated that the synthesized MHNs with specific properties can be used in wastewater treatment applications.…”
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Experimental and computational chemistry studies on the inhibition of aluminium and mild steel in 0.1 M HCl by 3-nitrobenzoic acid by Nnabuk Okon Eddy, Paul Ocheje Ameh, Nsikak Bassey Essien

“…Calculated kinetic (activation energy), thermodynamic (changes in entropy and enthalpy) and adsorption parameters indicated that the adsorption of the inhibitor on the surface of the respective metal is accompanied by molecular association and is endothermic, spontaneous and favoured the mechanism of physical adsorption. …”
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Removal of Copper(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Natural Kaolinite by Xue-Song Wang, Jin Wang, Cheng Sun

“…Various thermodynamic parameters, viz. the standard free energy change (ΔG 0 ), the enthalpy (ΔH 0 ) and the entropy (ΔS 0 ), were evaluated for the process with the results indicating that it was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The dynamics of the adsorption process were also studied and values of the adsorption rate constant and the rate constant for intraparticle diffusion calculated. …”
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A Quasi-Dimensional Model of Heat Transfer between Multi-Concentric Monolith Structures by Seamus P. Kane, William F. Northrop

“…Metallic monolith structures are often used in compact reactor applications due to their superior heat transfer properties and lower pressure drop when compared to ceramic monoliths. Endothermic reactions like steam reforming depend heavily on externally supplied heat, making highly conductive supports especially useful. …”
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Nanocomposites of Copper Trimesinate and Graphene Oxide as Sorbents for the Solid-Phase Extraction of Organic Dyes by Igor E. Uflyand, Victoria N. Naumkina, Vladimir A. Zhinzhilo

“…Equilibrium data were best correlated with the Freundlich model. The process was endothermic and spontaneous in nature. The composite makes it possible to achieve a maximum sorption of 393 mg/g, which is a sufficiently high value for the absorption of dyes.…”
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Efficient adsorption of nickel and chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions using lignocellulose nanofibers: Kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamic studies by Meghdad Sheikhi, Hassan Rezaei

“…Thermodynamic parameters of both nickel and chromium such as Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy were calculated which indicated spontaneous, endothermic, and random processes, respectively. Lignocellulose nanofiber can be suggested as a good adsorbent that is highly capable of adsorbing nickel and chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions. …”
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Effect of microbial biomass presence on palm shell activated carbon for the adsorption of Cu, Cd and Zn/ Gulnaziya Issabayeva by Issabayeva, Gulnaziya

“…The adsorption capacity of the original and biomodified PSACs was higher at pH 5-6; positive ΔH° values indicated endothermic nature of adsorption process. Kinetics data showed that adsorption followed pseudosecond-order reaction model.Overall, the results demonstrated that modification of PSAC with microbial biomass selectively improved adsorption efficiency of heavy metals removal from wastewater.…”
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Equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics studies of polypyrrole adsorbent for arsenic ions by Huq, AbulKashem Obidul, Yahya, Rosiyah, Mahmud, Habibun Nabi Muhammad Ekramul

“…Thermodynamically, the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous in nature. The FTIR and FESEM-EDX results also confirmed the presence of arsenic in adsorbents after adsorption. …”

Acid modified carbon coated monolith for methyl orange adsorption by Cheah, Willie, Hosseini, Soraya, Khan, Moonis Ali, Abdullah, Luqman Chuah, Choong, Thomas Shean Yaw

“…The adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous in nature. Desorption studies showed optimum MO recovery (73%) when 1 N NaOH was used as an eluent.…”
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Removal of microcystin-LR from aqueous solutions using % burn-off activated carbon of waste wood material by Hena, Sufia, Ismail, Norli, Mohammed, Issam Ahmed, Ahmad, Aiman, Bhawani, Showkat

“…Increases in adsorption capacity with increase in temperature indicate that the adsorption reaction is endothermic. Based on this study, the thermodynamic parameters like standard Gibb's free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) were evaluated. …”

Equilibrium and kinetic studies on removal of phenolic compounds using activated carbon coated monolith by Teoh, Yi Peng

“…The adsorption capacity increases with increasing reaction temperature from 30 to 50oC,showing an endothermic process. Excellent recovery of phenol was observed during regeneration using ethanol, which showed an 81% efficiency after four consecutive cycles.…”
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Green synthesis of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles for enhanced adsorption of lead ions from aqueous solutions: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies by Azizi, Susan, Shahri, Mahnaz Mahdavi, Mohamad, Rosfarizan

“…Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy change (ΔH0), free energy change (ΔG0), and entropy change (ΔS0) were calculated; the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. The good efficiency of the as-synthesized NPs makes them attractive for applications in water treatment, for removal of heavy metals from aqueous system.…”
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Batch Adsorption Of Amoxicillin On Coconut Shell Activated Carbon by Zainal, Danial Syakirin

“…The thermodynamic parameters ΔGº, ΔH°, and ΔS° suggested that the adsorption of amoxicillin onto activated carbon derived from coconut shell was spontaneous and endothermic. In conclusion, coconut shell activated carbon was discovered to be an effective adsorbent for the removal of amoxicillin antibiotics from wastewater under a variety of situations.…”
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Mathematical Modeling For Upgrading Low Rank Coal To High Rank Coal by Chan, Chun Seng

“…This indicates that the carbonization (pyrolysis) of the coal was an endothermic reaction. Besides that, the simulation with assist with the software Ansys to the cylindrical packed coal bed also have been done. …”
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