Silvopastoral systems as an alternative for conser-vation of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) in a cattle landscape in Caucasia Colombia by Patricia Duque-Vélez, Martha Olivera-Angel, Marta Wolff

“…Transects with pitfall traps, baited with excrement were established in SPS, pasture, and forest ecosystems. …”
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Nursing care for peptic ulcer patients following the nursing process by Radulović Vedrana, Kulić Veselinka, Vuksanović Milica

“…After that he had a dark excrement on a couple of occasions. The problems became more and more acute, and after the laboratory analyzes he was sent to the University Hospital in Foca. …”
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Potential site of Sungai Rawog conservation area, Sabah, as nature-based tourism destination in selected trails by J.L. Dani, O. Jaunis, W.S. Lim, Russel @ Andy Immit Mojiol, B.S. Fatt

“…Additionally, wildlife presence was recorded, including elephant excrement in the open area, sightings of eagles, and the nesting of orangutans on a tall tree branch. …”
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Behavioural Responses of Heterobranchus longifilis Juveniles. Val (Pisces: 1840) Exposed to Freeze–dried Bark Extract of Tephrosia vogelii as an Anaesthetic by S.G. Solomon, J.O. Cheikyula, D.T. Anju

“…Behavioural responses included mucus secretion, slow and erratic swimming, excrement discharge, increase in opercular beat rate, strong retention of reflex action, partial loss of equilibrium and colour change. …”
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Constituent analysis, laxative activity, and toxicological evaluation of methanol extract of noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L., Rubiaceae) by Xiaowei Huo, Simian Sun, Kexing Li, Jun Zhang, Yumeng Wang, Hongyu Gao, Zepeng Cao, Xudong Xu, Guoxu Ma, Mengmeng Liu

“…Administration of this extract obviously shortened the time of first fecal excrement, significantly increased the total number and the weight of stools, and remarkably restored the intestinal transit to normal level in the constipated mice, with low toxicity to liver and kidney, and meanwhile, the abundance, composition, and function of gut microbiota remained homeostasis. …”
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Manure in Serbia: Quantities and greenhouse gas emissions by Višković Miodrag I., Đatkov Đorđe M., Nesterović Aleksandar Ž., Martinov Milan L., Cvetković Slobodan M.

“…Manure is a by-product at agricultural farms that can consist of excrement, bedding, food, and other substances. Manure is a significant form of organic fertilizer, but it negatively impacts the environment. …”
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BISON REINTRODUCTION INFLUENCE ON THE EARTHWORMS COMPLEXES OF THE NATIONAL PARK «ORLOVSKOEY POLESYE» by A. P. Geraskina, L. L. Kiseleva, A. P. Karpachev, M. N. Abadonova

“…On sandy loamy soils, regardless of the density of bison on feeding grounds, the complex of earthworms is incomplete, the numbers and biomass are low, in addition, on the soil surface the undecomposed excrement of bisons is accumulated, which indicates a deficiency in the trophic block of coprophages and detritophages.…”
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Applications of Black Solider Fly (<i>Hermetia illucens</i>) Larvae Frass on Sweetpotato Slip Production, Mineral Content and Benefit-Cost Analysis by Nicholas Romano, Hayden Fischer, Austin Powell, Amit Kumar Sinha, Shahidul Islam, Uttam Deb, Shaun Francis

“…Black soldier fly (<i>Hermetia illucens</i>) larvae (BSFL) production is increasing, which will leaves substantial amounts of leftover excrement, called ‘frass’ that may be a beneficial organic fertilizer. …”
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Stable isotope biogeochemistry of seabird guano fertilization: results from growth chamber studies with maize (Zea mays). by Paul Szpak, Fred J Longstaffe, Jean-François Millaire, Christine D White

“…A crucial component to these studies is a thorough understanding of the range and causes of baseline isotopic variation, which is relatively poorly understood for nitrogen (δ(15)N). Animal excrement is known to impact plant δ(15)N values, but the effects of seabird guano have not been systematically studied from an agricultural or horticultural standpoint.This paper presents isotopic (δ(13)C and δ(15)N) and vital data for maize (Zea mays) fertilized with Peruvian seabird guano under controlled conditions. …”
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“Preventing a silent wilderness, securing the economic bounty” – Cape guano and the politics of seabird protection during the 19th and early 20th century by Hendrik Snyders

“…The early 1890s’ laws also included bats whose excrement gradually received status as a useful fertiliser. …”
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Calculation Methods of Total Nitrogen and Total Phosphorus Distribution in Pig Manure Fractions by Ekaterina V. Shalavina, Roman A. Uvarov, Eduard V. Vasilev

“…The identified differences can be explained by the instrumental uncertainty and heterogeneity of the analyzed initial material ‒ a mixture of excrement and process water. The results of the study confirmed that the developed method is reliable, and it can be used to account for the nutrients in the solid and liquid organic fertilizers in calculating and adjusting doses for certain crops to produce expected yield and reduce the negative impact on the environment.…”
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Elements of lead metabolism in the body of dairy cows by A. D. Kapsamun, D. A. Ivanov, N. G. Kovalev, V. P. Degtjarev, E. N. Pavlyrchik, N. N. Ivanova, K. S. Yuldashev

“…Equations the pair non-linear regression, showing the dependence of the content of a particular chemical element in the feces, urine, breast milk, and in the body of an animal from its content in a ration, make it possible to identify the true form of communication, due to the influence factor of the element content in ration on the chemical composition of the products, and animal excrement. In experiments with dairy cows (balance tests) characteristics of lead intake in the body of animals with food and water, the degree of removing it from the feces and urine were installed, as well as the degree of contamination of milk.…”
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A Biotreatment Effect on Dynamics of Cattle Manure Composition and Reduction of Ammonia Emissions from Agriculture by Vilma Naujokienė, Indrė Bagdonienė, Rolandas Bleizgys, Mantas Rubežius

“…In view of the reason for the agricultural waste management by formation and propagation of ammonia gas—the bacterial and enzymatic degradation of organic components in excrement—it is important to evaluate the effect of biotreatment of 100% natural composition (contain Azospirillum sp. …”
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Tritrophic Interactions among Arthropod Natural Enemies, Herbivores and Plants Considering Volatile Blends at Different Scale Levels by Muhammad Yasir Ali, Tayyaba Naseem, Jarmo K. Holopainen, Tongxian Liu, Jinping Zhang, Feng Zhang

“…Plants emit HIPV signals not merely in reaction to tissue damage, but also in response to herbivore salivary secretions, oviposition, and excrement. Although certain volatile chemicals are retained in plant tissues and released rapidly upon damaged, others are synthesized de novo in response to herbivore feeding and emitted not only from damaged tissue but also from nearby by undamaged leaves. …”
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Multifaceted Mechanisms of Action of Metformin Which Have Been Unraveled One after Another in the Long History by Hideaki Kaneto, Tomohiko Kimura, Atsushi Obata, Masashi Shimoda, Kohei Kaku

“…Furthermore, it is known that metformin alters the gut microbiome and facilitates the transport of glucose from the circulation into excrement. It is also known that metformin reduces food intake and lowers body weight by increasing circulating levels of the peptide hormone growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). …”
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Transmission of Raccoon-Passaged Chronic Wasting Disease Agent to White-Tailed Deer by Eric D. Cassmann, Alexis J. Frese, S. Jo Moore, Justin J. Greenlee

“…CWD prions contaminate the environment through scattered excrement and decomposing carcasses. Fresh carcasses with CWD prions are accessible by free-ranging mesopredators such as raccoons and may provide a route of exposure. …”
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A novel type of biochar from chitinous Hermetia illucens waste with a built-in stimulating effect on plants and soil arthropods by Piotr Bulak, Kinga Proc-Pietrycha, Monika Kaczor, Katarzyna Złotko, Cezary Polakowski, Dariusz Wiącek, Hanna Waniak-Nowicka, Emil Zięba, Adam Waśko, Patryk Oleszczuk, Andrzej Bieganowski

“…Abstract The breeding of insects generates waste in the form of insect excrement and feed residues. In addition, a specific chitinous waste in the form of insect larvae and pupae exuvia is also left. …”
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Black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) frass and sheddings as a compost ingredient by Beatrice Jasso, Luisa Quinchia, Tina M. Waliczek, Merritt L. Drewery

“…One of the byproducts from rearing Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) is its excrement, referred to as frass, and sheddings. As the commercial insect rearing industry is emerging in the U.S., there is not yet an established market for frass although the yield often exceeds that of BSFL by two- to three-fold. …”
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A geostatistical method in GIS to estimate the amount of seabird guano accumulated on islands and headlands of Perú by Ángela Sifuentes-García, Carlos B. Zavalaga, Sebastián Lozano-Sanllehi

“… The ‘guano of the islands’ in Perú is the excrement of cormorants, boobies and pelicans (guano birds), accumulated in large deposits on islands and headlands. …”
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Comparative actualistic study hints at origins of alleged Miocene coprolites of Poland by Tomasz Brachaniec, Dorota Środek, Dawid Surmik, Robert Niedźwiedzki, Georgios L. Georgalis, Bartosz J. Płachno, Piotr Duda, Alexander Lukeneder, Przemysław Gorzelak, Mariusz A. Salamon

“…Excrement-shaped ferruginous masses have been recovered from the Miocene of Turów mine in south-western Poland. …”
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