Changes in caloric consumption, physical activity, body mass index and sleeping pattern during holy month of Ramadan among doctors of a public sector University by Arit Parkash, Greesh Maheswari, Shiraz Shaikh, Rabia Anwer

“…Method: The longitudinal study was conducted at a public-sector medical university in Karachi from April to May 2020, and comprised healthy doctors of either gender who planned to fast during Ramadan. Data was collected using a multitude of validated structured tools by trained data collectors. …”
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Impact of Ramadan intermittent fasting on cognitive function in trained cyclists: a pilot study by K Chamari, W Briki, A Farooq, T Patrick, T Belfekih, CP Herrera

“…This study assessed selected measures of cognitive function in trained cyclists who observed daylight fasting during Ramadan. Eleven cyclists volunteered to participate (age: 21.6±4.8 years, VO 2 max: 57.7±5.6 ml • kg-1 • min-1) and were followed for 2 months. …”
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Caffeine-carbohydrate mouth-rinsing counter-acts an observed negative effect of mouth-rinsing procedure during sprint-endurance training performance in fasted athletes: A pilot stu... by Jad Washif, Kim Hébert-Losier, Karim Chamari, Christopher Beaven

“…We determined the effects of CAF-CHO mouth rinsing on kinetics, kinematics, and perceptual measures during a sprint-endurance performance commonly performed by track and field athletes in Muslim athletes fasting during Ramadan. In a randomised and counterbalanced single-blind study, ten national-level male sprinters and sprint/middle-distance runners (21.0 ± 2.0 y) participated in this study. …”
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Levothyroxine Timing during Ramadan: A Randomized Clinical Trial by Moeber Mahzari, Fahad Al Remthi, Ibrahim Ajwah, Mohammed Al Hazmi, Wesam Moafa, Awad Al Shahrani, Sameerah Al Shehri, Motasim Badri

“…For most hypothyroid patients fasting during Ramadan, compliance with the administration procedure is a challenge. …”
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Comparison of the effectiveness of different oral glucose lowering drugs in fasting patients with type II diabetes by Mernoosh Zakerkish, Hajiyeh Bibi Shahbaziyan, Majid Karandish, Homira Rashidi, Seyed Peyman Payami

“…This study purpose was to compare different regimens of oral anti-diabetic therapy effects on the type 2 diabetic patients while fasting during Ramadan. Methods: In the double-blind controlled trial 90 patients with type 2 diabetes were divided randomly into three groups: 30 patients continued the previous dose of sulfonylurea (Group 1), 30 participants received a dose which was 25% lower than the previous sulfonylurea dose (group 2), and in the last 30 patients, repaglinide was replaced sulfonylurea (Group 3). …”
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Shifts in Fecal Metabolite Profiles Associated With Ramadan Fasting Among Chinese and Pakistani Individuals by Siyu Chen, Ikram Ali, Ikram Ali, Xin Li, Danfeng Long, Ying Zhang, Ruijun Long, Xiaodan Huang

“…The human gut microbiota has been proposed to serve as a multifunctional organ in host metabolism, contributing effects to nutrient acquisition, immune response, and digestive health. Fasting during Ramadan may alter the composition of gut microbiota through changes in dietary behavior, which ultimately affects the contents of various metabolites in the gut. …”
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The effects of Ramadan fasting on clinical and biochemical markers among hemodialysis patients: A prospective cohort study. by Emad Khazneh, Jamal Qaddumi, Zakaria Hamdan, Falasteen Qudaimat, Asmaa Sbitany, Kamel Jebrin, Osama Sawalmeh, Yousef Abuiram, Mujahed Shraim

“…Although sick people are exempted from Ramadan fasting, some patients such as hemodialysis patients prefer to fast during Ramadan. The effect of Ramadan fasting on clinical outcomes and biochemical markers among hemodialysis patients is not clear. …”
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The Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Hypothalamic Pituitary Ovarian (HPO) Axis in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Farideh Zangeneh, Nasrin Abedinia, Mohammad Mehdi Naghizadeh, Reza Salman Yazdi, Tahereh Madani

“…The study group included 20 women with PCOS and fasting during Ramadan. The control group consisted of 20 non-fasting women with PCOS. …”
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Fasting in Ramadan is not associated with deterioration of chronic kidney disease: A prospective observational study by Ekrem Kara, Osman Zikrullah Sahin, Bayram Kizilkaya, Burcu Ozturk, Gokhan Pusuroglu, Safak Yildirim, Mustafa Sevinc, Tuncay Sahutoglu

“…In multiple linear regression analysis, only advanced age was found to be associated with ≥25% drop in eGFR after Ramadan in the fasting group. Fasting during Ramadan was not associated with increased risk of declining in renal functions in patients with Stage 3-5 CKD. …”
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Assessment of Ramadan Education and Knowledge Among Diabetic Patients by Mussa Hussain Almalki, Ibtihal Hussen, Shawana A. Khan, Abdulrahman Almaghamsi, Fahad Alshahrani

“…The aim of this study is to assess the the patient education level and patients’ overall awareness of any possible complications that could occur while fasting during Ramadan and to determine how these patients deal with these complications. …”
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Effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on gut microbiome: is the diet key? by Duygu Saglam, Gozde Aritici Colak, Eray Sahin, Berkay Yekta Ekren, Ugur Sezerman, Murat Bas

“…This study aimed to investigate the effect of intermittent fasting during Ramadan on the gut microbiota. The study was conducted on 12 healthy adult individuals who practiced fasting 17 h per day for 29 consecutive days during the month of Ramadan. …”
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Impact of Ramadan Fasting on Dietary Intakes Among Healthy Adults: A Year-Round Comparative Study by Hibeh Shatila, Mariam Baroudi, Raeda El Sayed Ahmad, Rana Chehab, Michele R. Forman, Nada Abbas, MoezAlIslam Faris, Farah Naja, Farah Naja

“…With the large number of adults who observe fasting during Ramadan, the particularities of dietary intake during Ramadan ought to be considered in the development of context and culture-specific dietary recommendations.…”
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Safety of Ramadan fasting in young patients with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis by Huai Heng Loh, Lee‐Ling Lim, Huai Seng Loh, Anne Yee

“…Abstract Aims/Introduction Although patients with type 1 diabetes are medically exempt, many insist on fasting during Ramadan. Multiple daily insulin injections (MDI), premixed insulin and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) are commonly used. …”
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Assessment of fatigue severity and neurocognitive functions in the real setting of Ramadan in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by Abdulrahman Alfahadi, Syed Shahid Habib, Koloud Alharbi, Deema Alturki, Fatimah Alshamrani, Shahid Bashir

“…The current observational case-control study was conducted to evaluate the effect of fasting during Ramadan on cognitive functions and fatigue severity in T2DM patients using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). …”
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Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors (SGLT2-I) During the Month of Ramadan in Muslim Patients with Type 2 Diabetes by Alaaeldin Bashier, Azza Abdulaziz Khalifa, Elamin Ibrahim Abdelgadir, Maryam Ahmad Al Saeed, Amina Adil Al Qaysi, Murad Burhan Ali Bayati, Budoor Alemadi, Fawzi Bachet, Fatheya Alawadi, Mohammed Hassanein

“…Methods: All patients over the age of 18 years on SGLT2-I before Ramadan 2016 who would be fasting during Ramadan were included. Demographic data, detailed medical history including comorbidities and medication profile, and laboratory results were collected before and after Ramadan. …”
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Intermittent Fasting Could Be Safely Achieved in People With Type 1 Diabetes Undergoing Structured Education and Advanced Glucose Monitoring by Ebaa Al-Ozairi, Ebaa Al-Ozairi, Abeer El Samad, Jumana Al Kandari, Jumana Al Kandari, Ali M. Aldibbiat, Ali M. Aldibbiat

“…Background: Fasting during Ramadan is a form of intermittent fasting in which a person abstains from oral intake between the hours of sunrise and sunset. …”
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“To fast or not to fast?” Ramadan and religiosity through the eyes of people with bipolar disorder: an exploratory study by Imen Mejri, Imen Mejri, Uta Ouali, Uta Ouali, Petra C. Gronholm, Yosra Zgueb, Yosra Zgueb, Abdelhafidh Ouertani, Fethi Nacef, Fethi Nacef

“…Research on this subject is limited.AimThe aim of the present work was to explore: (i) religious practices with special attention to Ramadan before and after the onset of BD, (ii) the perceptions and behaviors related to not fasting during Ramadan in patients with BD and their families’ attitudes, (iii) religiosity and self-stigmatization and their relationships with religious practices, and (iv) the doctor-patient relationship around fasting.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study in clinically stabilized patients with BD in a public mental hospital and in a private psychiatric practice in Tunis, Tunisia. …”
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Effects of Ramadan environment on nicotine dependence among Malay male smokers at a municipal council, Selangor, Malaysia by Zulkifley, Nuraisyah Hani

“…Various strategies and preventive methods have been planned and implemented, but smoking is still a major public health issue in Malaysia. Fasting during Ramadan is one of the major challenges for smokers to abstain from smoking. …”
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SCREENING FOR OBESITY IN TAJIKISTAN ADULT POPULATION: A PILOT PROJECT IN SELECTED DISTRICTS by S.M. ABDULLOZODA, G.M. USMANOVA

“…Significant RFs for the development of OW and OB among the examined cohort include female gender, young age (18-44 years), smoking, frequent food consumption (more than 5 times a day), high intake of bakery products and sweets, a tendency to overeat upon breaking fasting during Ramadan, daily stress, and sedentary work. …”
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Safety and tolerability of Empagliflozin use during the holy month of Ramadan by fasting patients with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study by Mayada M. Samkari, Neda'a S. Bokhari, Raghad Alhajaji, Malaz E. Ahmed, Ahmad Al Raddadi, Alaa K. Bahget, Sarah F. Saleh, Faisal Aljehani, Saud H. Alzahrani, Sarah S. Alsifyani, May M. Samkari, Aisha F. Badr, Mai Alalawi, Khalid Al Sulaiman

“…Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients are exposed to a 7.5 times higher risk of hypoglycemia while fasting during Ramadan. Relevant diabetes guidelines prioritize the use of SGLT2 inhibitors over other classes. …”
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