Potency-Enhancing Synthetics in the Drug Overdose Epidemic: Xylazine (“Tranq”), Fentanyl, Methamphetamine, and the Displacement of Heroin in Philadelphia and Tijuana by Fernando Montero, Philippe Bourgois, Joseph Friedman

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Chronic Fentanyl Self-Administration Generates a Shift toward Negative Affect in Rats during Drug Use by Angela N. Dao, Nicholas J. Beacher, Vivian Mayr, Annalisa Montemarano, Sam Hammer, Mark O. West

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Comparison of intrathecal dexmedetomidine and intrathecal fentanyl as an adjuvant to bupivacaine during spinal anaesthesia for lower limb orthopedic surgery by Dipty Agrawal, Niyati Sinha, Shiv Kumar Singh

Subjects: “…dexmedetomidine; fentanyl; bupivacaine; spinal anesthesia…”
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Effect of Adding Fentanyl to Bupivacaine on Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of the Prostate with Spinal Anesthesia: A Clinical trial by Maedeh Jafarzadeh, Hakimeh Alereza, Ebrahim Alijanpour, Mehrafza Mir, Soraya Khafri, Emadoddin Moudi

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Analgesic Therapy with the Opioids Fentanyl and Morphine by Ambulance Personnel in Rural Areas: An Observational Study Over 7 Years by Scharonow O, Vilcane S, Weilbach C, Scharonow M

“…Treatment data by medication, including dosages, were recorded for fentanyl (monotherapy), morphine (monotherapy) and a combination (change from morphine to fentanyl, additional application of esketamine, metamizole or butylscopolamine).Results: In 659 patients, the opioids fentanyl and morphine were used by the ambulance staff, 596 data sets could be evaluated. …”
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Dexmedetomidine versus fentanyl effect as adjuvants to bupivacaine on post spinal urinary retention in knee joint arthroscopic surgeries by Ghada M. El-Saeid, Mohsen A. Bassiouny, Toqa H. Al Sharabasy, Tamer N. Abdelrahman

“…No patient in either group required insertion of an indwelling urinary catheter at the sixth post-operative hour.Conclusion In unilateral arthroscopic knee surgeries, the addition of dexmedetomidine to low-dose spinal anesthesia decreased the clinical incidence of POUR compared to the addition of fentanyl.…”
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Expanding harm reduction to include fentanyl urine testing: results from a pilot in rural British Columbia by Silvina C. Mema, Chloe Sage, Serge Popoff, Jessica Bridgeman, Deanne Taylor, Trevor Corneil

“…Methods A pilot of fentanyl urine testing was implemented in partnership with an outreach harm reduction program in rural BC. …”
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Comparing Clonidine and Fentanyl as Adjuvants to Intrathecal Hyperbaric Ropivacaine in Elective Infraumbilical Surgeries- A Randomised Clinical Study by Lakshmi Priya, BC Vijayalakshmi, HR Divya, Arjun Swaroop

“…Aim: To compare the effects of clonidine and fentanyl as intrathecal adjuvants to hyperbaric ropivacaine in elective infraumbilical surgeries. …”
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Effects of fentanyl administration in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Yoshitaka Aoki, Hiromi Kato, Naoyuki Fujimura, Yuji Suzuki, Masaaki Sakuraya, Matsuyuki Doi

Subjects: “…Fentanyl…”
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A comparative study of low concentration of levobupivacaine versus ropivacaine with fentanyl for patient-controlled epidural labour analgesia by Priyanka Chuttani, Udeyana Singh, Anju Grewal, Sunil Katyal, Ashima Kaura

“…This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of low concentrations of local anaesthetics (0.1% ropivacaine and 0.1% levobupivacaine) with 2 μg/ml fentanyl as a patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) technique on the incidence of instrumental AVD along with evaluation of obstetric, maternal, and foetal outcomes.Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 60 labouring parturients were randomly allocated into two equal groups to receive either 0.1% ropivacaine with 2 μg/ml fentanyl or 0.1% levobupivacaine with 2 μg/ml fentanyl as epidural solutions via PCEA pump infusions (4 ml/h) after 15 ml loading dose of the respective solutions. …”
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Randomized clinical trial comparing outcomes after fentanyl or ketamine‐dexmedetomidine analgesia in thoracolumbar spinal surgery in dogs by Stephanie Lovell, Bradley Simon, Elizabeth C. Boudreau, Joseph Mankin, Nicholas Jeffery

“…Dogs were randomized 1:1 to fentanyl or a ketamine‐dexmedetomidine combination for intra and postoperative analgesia. …”
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Commentary: Intravenous fentanyl vs. topical lignocaine for ProSeal™ laryngeal mask airway insertion with propofol induction by Sun Zhongpeng, Yang Dong

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Comparison of Intrathecal Bupivacaine with Levobupivacaine using Fentanyl as an Adjuvant for Transurethral Resection of Prostate-A Randomised Controlled Trial by Indira Malik, Sheenam Kamboj, Hemant Kamal, Suresh Kumar Singhal, Vineet Kumar, Deepika Seelwal

“…Fifty patients, 50-80 years of age, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) I-III, posted for TURP under SA, were included in the study and divided into two groups: group B (n=25): Inj. bupivacaine (0.5%) hyperbaric 12.5 mg+25 μg fentanyl citrate, group L (n=25): Inj. levobupivacaine (0.5%) isobaric 12.5mg+25μg fentanyl citrate. …”
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Effect of fentanyle versus dexamethasone on shoulder tip pain during laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy under spinal anaesthesia by Rasha Hamed, Saeid Elsawy Saeid Elsawy

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Comparison of Effect of Meperidine Versus Fentanyl as an Adjuvant to Epidural Bupivacaine on Duration of Labor: A Randomized Controlled Study by Masoomeh Nataj Majd, Maryam Farid Mojtahedi, Arman Taheri, Mehdi Sanatkar, Nader Ali Nazemian Yazdi

“…The BF (Bupivacaine-Fentanyl) group received 16 ml bupivacaine 0.125% plus 50 mg fentanyl as a loading dose; then, an intermittent bolus of the same solution was administered once the patient requested analgesia. …”
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Comparison of fentanyl and dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine for unilateral spinal anesthesia in lower limb surgery: a randomized trial by Naseh Taher-Baneh, Negin Ghadamie, Farzad Sarshivi, Reza Sahraie, Karim Nasseri

“…In groups BD, BF and BS, 5 μg of dexmedetomidine, 25 μg of fentanyl and 0.5 mL saline were added, respectively. …”
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A comparative study of efficacy of ropivacaine (0.75%) with adjuvants – dexmedetomidine and fentanyl in supraclavicular brachial plexus block by Zaebha Shah Alam, Pradhan Monnaiah K, Sandeep S Kadam, Hema Viswanath K, Pedapolu Kishore Babu, Usha Rani S

Subjects: “…brachial plexus block; local anaesthesia; dexmedetomidine; fentanyl…”
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Restoration of the Activity of the Prefrontal Cortex to the Nucleus Accumbens Core Pathway Relieves Fentanyl-Induced Hyperalgesia in Male Rats by Luo Q, Luo J, Wang X, Gan S

Subjects: “…fentanyl-induced hyperalgesia…”
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Adulterants present in the San Diego county fentanyl supply: a laboratory analysis of seized law enforcement samples by Henrik Galust, Justin A. Seltzer, Jeremy R. Hardin, Nathan A. Friedman, Jeff Salamat, Richard F. Clark, Jennifer Harmon

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Stability of Fentanyl Citrate, Hydromorphone Hydrochloride, Ketamine Hydrochloride, Midazolam, Morphine Sulfate, and Pentobarbital Sodium in Polypropylene Syringes by Collin Anderson, Mark MacKay

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