Anti-Obesity and Anti-Adipogenic Effects of Chitosan Oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) in SD Rats and in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes Models by Jung-Yun Lee, Tae Yang Kim, Hanna Kang, Jungbae Oh, Joo Woong Park, Se-Chan Kim, Minjoo Kim, Emmanouil Apostolidis, Young-Cheul Kim, Young-In Kwon

“…We have previously reported that the supplementation of low molecular chitosan oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) significantly inhibited blood glucose levels in both animals and humans. However, the effect of GO2KA1 on obesity still remains unclear. …”
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Ipragliflozin Improves the Hepatic Outcomes of Patients With Diabetes with NAFLD by Hirokazu Takahashi, Takaomi Kessoku, Miwa Kawanaka, Michihiro Nonaka, Hideyuki Hyogo, Hideki Fujii, Tomoaki Nakajima, Kento Imajo, Kenichi Tanaka, Yoshihito Kubotsu, Hiroshi Isoda, Satoshi Oeda, Osamu Kurai, Masato Yoneda, Masafumi Ono, Yoichiro Kitajima, Ryo Tajiri, Ayako Takamori, Atsushi Kawaguchi, Shinichi Aishima, Masayoshi Kage, Atsushi Nakajima, Yuichiro Eguchi, Keizo Anzai

“…Sodium glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are now widely used to treat diabetes, but their effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain to be determined. …”
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Protective effects of vanillic acid on letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome: A comprehensive study in female wistar rats by Pradnya V Gadhave, Guruprasad V Sutar, Sachin J Sajane, Vivekkumar K. Redasani, Kuntal Das, Dharani Prasad P, Saad Alobid, Ali Ibrahim Almoteer, Syed Imam Rabbani, Farhana Yasmin, Rafiulla Gilkaramenthi, Majidah Abdulrazaq AlAnazi, Haya Jameel Alshamrani, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq

“…Different parameters studied were body weight, ovary weight, blood glucose, lipid profile, hormonal levels [luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone], markers for oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, catalase, and malonaldehyde), and histopathology of the ovary. …”
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Effects of Bacillus subtilis PB6 supplementation on production, metabolism, inflammatory biomarkers, and gastrointestinal tract permeability in transition dairy cows by B.M. Goetz, M.A. Abeyta, S. Rodriguez-Jimenez, E.J. Mayorga, J. Opgenorth, G.M. Jakes, A.D. Freestone, C.E. Moore, D.J. Dickson, J.E. Hergenreder, L.H. Baumgard

“…Postpartum concentrations of the aforementioned fecal parameters were also unaffected by treatment, but fecal propionic acid concentration was decreased (24%) in BSP cows relative to CON. Circulating glucose, nonesterified fatty acids, l-lactate, and insulin were similar between treatments both pre- and postpartum. …”
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Efeitos da rosiglitazona sobre a função endotelial em indivíduos não-diabéticos com síndrome metabólica Effects of rosiglitazone on endothelial function in non-diabetic subjects wi... by Luciana Bahia, Luiz Guilherme K. Aguiar, Nivaldo Villela, Daniel Bottino, Amélio F. Godoy-Matos, Eliete Bouskela

“…The following were measured: glucose, insulin, lipids, fibrinogen, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP). …”
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Normalized Indices Derived from Visceral Adipose Mass Assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Their Correlation with Markers for Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes by Jürgen Machann, Norbert Stefan, Robert Wagner, Andreas Fritsche, Jimmy D. Bell, Brandon Whitcher, Hans-Ulrich Häring, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Konstantin Nikolaou, Fritz Schick, E. Louise Thomas

“…Evaluation of several indices derived from VAT volume identified VAT/m³ to correlate most strongly with insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Thus, VAT/m³ appears to provide better indications of metabolic characteristics (insulin sensitivity and pre-diabetes/diabetes) than VAT volume alone.…”
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Elevated expression of HIGD1A drives hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating polyamine metabolism through c-Myc–ODC1 nexus by Haixing Zhang, Xiaoran Li, Ziying Liu, Zimo Lin, Kuiyuan Huang, Yiran Wang, Yu Chen, Leyi Liao, Leyuan Wu, Zhanglian Xie, Jinlin Hou, Xiaoyong Zhang, Hongyan Liu

“…Results Increased HIGD1A expression was found in HCC tissues and cell lines, which was induced by hypoxia or low-glucose condition. Moreover, HIGD1A knockdown in HCC cells arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and promoted hypoxia-induced cell apoptosis, resulting in great inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as tumor xenograft formation. …”
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Comparison of chemical property and in vitro digestion behavior of polysaccharides from Auricularia polytricha mycelium and fruit body by Zhengbin Yang, Yongde Zeng, Yuedan Hu, Tingting Zhou, Jiamin Li, Lapin He, Wei Zhang, Xuefeng Zeng, Jin Fan

“…The results showed that ABPs and IAPs were constituted by glucose, glucuronic acid, galactose and mannose. However, the molecular weight distribution of IAPs (3.22 × 104 Da (52.73%) and 1.95 × 106 Da (24.71%)) was wider than that of ABPs (5.4 × 106 Da (95.77%)). …”
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BMP4 aggravates mitochondrial dysfunction of HRMECs by Yong Wang, Hui Li, Jingjing Cao, Aihua Liu, Zhenyu Kou, Weiting An, Jingli Liang, Xiaomin Zhang, Xiaorong Li, Lijie Dong

“…Mitochondria are important places for the oxidative phosphorylation of glucose and the maintenance of cell oxidation and antioxidant stability. …”
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The incorporation of sumac seed powder (Rhus coriaria L.) into the diet of quail breeders as a novel feed additive by Fayiz M. Reda, Mahmoud Alagawany, Areej M. Alsolami, Hemat K. Mahmoud, Ayman S. Salah, Maha Abdullah Momenah, Mohammed Y. Alshahrani, Khaled A. El-Tarabily, Rasha M. Saleh

“…Furthermore, when compared to the control group (G1), birds given 2, 3, or 4 g of sumac powder/kg diet showed a significant improvement (P < 0.05) in hematological parameters such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and hemoglobin, as well as a decrease in glucose levels. Feeding quail with a 3 g sumac powder/kg diet (G4) resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) higher globulin levels and improved albumin/globulin ratio compared to other treatments and control (G1). …”
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Retinal small vessel narrowing in women with gestational diabetes, pregnancy-associated hypertension, or small-for-gestational age babies by Joseph Phillipos, Thao Vi Luong, Deborah Chang, Suresh Varadarajan, Paul Howat, Lauren Hodgson, Deb Colville, Deb Colville, Judy Savige

“…Participants underwent a Glucose Tolerance Test, BP measurements, and were examined for small-for-gestational age babies as per national guidelines. …”
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Circulating Adiponectin and Its Association with Metabolic Traits and Type 2 Diabetes: Gene-Diet Interactions Focusing on Selected Gene Variants and at the Genome-Wide Level in Hig... by Oscar Coltell, Carolina Ortega-Azorín, Jose V. Sorlí, Olga Portolés, Eva M. Asensio, Carmen Saiz, Rocío Barragán, Ramon Estruch, Dolores Corella

“…In the 954 participants studied (aged 55–80 years), plasma adiponectin levels were strongly associated with plasma HDL-C concentrations (<i>p</i> = 6.6 × 10⁻³⁶) and inversely related to triglycerides (<i>p</i> = 4.7 × 10⁻¹⁸), fasting glucose (<i>p</i> = 3.5 × 10⁻¹⁶) and type 2 diabetes (<i>p</i> = 1.4 × 10⁻⁷). …”
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IbINV Positively Regulates Resistance to Black Rot Disease Caused by <i>Ceratocystis fimbriata</i> in Sweet Potato by Dongjing Yang, Xiaofeng Bian, Ho Soo Kim, Rong Jin, Fangyuan Gao, Jingwei Chen, Jukui Ma, Wei Tang, Chengling Zhang, Houjun Sun, Yiping Xie, Zongyun Li, Sang-Soo Kwak, Daifu Ma

“…Invertase (INV) enzymes play essential roles in hydrolyzing sucrose into glucose and fructose and participate in the regulation of plant defense responses. …”
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4E‐BP1 and 4E‐BP2 double knockout mice are protected from aging‐associated sarcopenia by Olivier Le Bacquer, Kristell Combe, Véronique Patrac, Brian Ingram, Lydie Combaret, Dominique Dardevet, Christophe Montaurier, Jérôme Salles, Christophe Giraudet, Christelle Guillet, Nahum Sonenberg, Yves Boirie, Stéphane Walrand

“…Interestingly, although glucose levels were unchanged, differences were observed in the isobaric compound maltitol/lactitol (33‐fold increase, P < 0.01) and in several additional carbohydrate compounds. 4E‐BP1/2 depletion also resulted in accumulation of medium‐chain acylcarnitines and a 20% lower C2/C0 acylcarnitine ratio (P < 0.01) indicative of reduced β‐oxidation. …”
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Study of Xoconostle (<i>Opuntia</i> spp.) Powder as Source of Dietary Fiber and Antioxidants by José Arias-Rico, Nelly del Socorro Cruz-Cansino, Montaña Cámara-Hurtado, Rebeca López-Froilán, María Luisa Pérez-Rodríguez, María de Cortes Sánchez-Mata, Osmar Antonio Jaramillo-Morales, Rosario Barrera-Gálvez, Esther Ramírez-Moreno

“…Since xoconostle samples had a high content of dietary fiber, they were characterized by the capacity of water retention (water holding capacity 6.00 ± 0.1 and 5.5 ± 0.2 g H2O/g dm) and gel formation (swelling 5.2 ± 0.0 and 5.5 ± 0.0 g H2O/g dm), related with the retention of lipids and glucose in the food matrix similar to other foods. …”
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Comparison of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTIs) and Protease-Boosted Inhibitors (PIs) on the Reduction in Chronic Immune Activation in a Virally Suppressed, Mainly Male... by Thomas Nitsotolis, Konstantinos G. Kyriakoulis, Anastasios Kollias, Alexia Papalexandrou, Helen Kalampoka, Elpida Mastrogianni, Dimitrios Basoulis, Mina Psichogiou

“…When using inverse probability of treatment weighting, no statistically significant differences in the measured parameters were found between the two groups (sCD14 <i>p</i> = 0.511, IL-6 <i>p</i> = 0.383, SuPAR <i>p</i> = 0.793, I-FABP <i>p</i> = 0.868, and LBP <i>p</i> = 0.663). Glucose levels were found to increase after viral suppression in the entire sample (92 mg/dL vs. 98 mg/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.009). …”
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18F-FDG PET/CT radiomics for prediction of lymphovascular invasion in patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer by Jie Wang, Jie Wang, Zhonghang Zheng, Zhonghang Zheng, Yi Zhang, Yi Zhang, Weiyue Tan, Weiyue Tan, Jing Li, Jing Li, Ligang Xing, Xiaorong Sun

“…ObjectiveTo explore a prediction model for lymphovascular invasion (LVI) on cT1–2N0M0 radiologic solid non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on a 2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) radiomics analysis.MethodsThe present work retrospectively included 148 patients receiving surgical resection and verified pathologically with cT1–2N0M0 radiologic solid NSCLC. …”
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Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: connections in epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatments by Rexiati Ruze, Rexiati Ruze, Rexiati Ruze, Tiantong Liu, Tiantong Liu, Xi Zou, Xi Zou, Jianlu Song, Jianlu Song, Jianlu Song, Yuan Chen, Yuan Chen, Yuan Chen, Ruiyuan Xu, Ruiyuan Xu, Ruiyuan Xu, Xinpeng Yin, Xinpeng Yin, Xinpeng Yin, Qiang Xu, Qiang Xu

“…The ectopic expansion of adipose tissue and excessive accumulation of certain nutrients and metabolites sabotage the metabolic balance via insulin resistance, dysfunctional autophagy, and microbiome-gut-brain axis, further exacerbating the dysregulation of immunometabolism through low-grade systemic inflammation, leading to an accelerated loss of functional β-cells and gradual elevation of blood glucose. Given these intricate connections, most available treatments of obesity and type 2 DM (T2DM) have a mutual effect on each other. …”
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Inhibition of pathologic immunoglobulin E in food allergy by EBF-2 and active compound berberine associated with immunometabolism regulation by Nan Yang, Nan Yang, Anish R. Maskey, Kamal Srivastava, Kamal Srivastava, Monica Kim, Zixi Wang, Ibrahim Musa, Yanmei Shi, Yixuan Gong, Ozkan Fidan, Ozkan Fidan, Julie Wang, David Dunkin, Danna Chung, Jixun Zhan, Mingsan Miao, Hugh A. Sampson, Xiu-Min Li, Xiu-Min Li

“…Effects of berberine on IgE production, the expression of transcription factors, and mitochondrial glucose metabolism in U266 cells were evaluated.ResultsEBF-2 dose-dependently suppressed IgE production and was over 16 times more potent than FAHF-2 in IgE suppression in U266 cells. …”
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Tuning a high performing multiplexed-CRISPRi Pseudomonas putida strain to further enhance indigoidine production by Jeffrey J. Czajka, Deepanwita Banerjee, Thomas Eng, Javier Menasalvas, Chunsheng Yan, Nathalie Munoz Munoz, Brenton C. Poirier, Young-Mo Kim, Scott E. Baker, Yinjie J. Tang, Aindrila Mukhopadhyay

“…Transcriptomic data indicated that CRISPR/dCpf1-interference (CRISPRi) mediated multiplex repression caused global gene expression changes, implying potential undesirable changes in metabolic flux. 13C-metabolic flux analysis (13C-MFA) revealed that the core P. putida flux network after CRISPRi repression was conserved, with moderate reduction of TCA cycle and pyruvate shunt activity along with glyoxylate shunt activation during glucose catabolism. Metabolomic results identified a change in intracellular TCA metabolites and extracellular metabolite secretion profiles (sugars and succinate overflow) in the engineered strains. …”
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