Key populations and human rights in the context of HIV services rendition in Ghana by Amos Laar, Debra DeBruin

“…Abstract Background In line with its half century old penal code, Ghana currently criminalizes and penalizes behaviors of some key populations – populations deemed to be at higher risk of acquiring or transmitting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). …”
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David Janssen and Edward Whitelock. Apocalypse Jukebox: The End of the the World in American Popular Music by David Gutkin

“…Poised as the postmodern successor to Alexis de Tocqueville, Baudrillard, perceiving American culture simultaneously as pre-civilized (an old trope) and as the paradigm of hypermodern simulacral “spectrality,” characterizes the nation as both “the only remaining primitive society” and as “a giant hologram.”2 If representations of the United States from the last half-century are inflected by the post-World War II phase of American exceptionalism, this has affected not only imperial apologists and vulgar nationalists but even, residually, writers on the left, like Baudrillard. …”
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Epidemiology of dengue: past, present and future prospects by Murray NE, Quam MB, Wilder-Smith A

“…The virus and its vectors have now become widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world, particularly over the last half-century. Significant geographic expansion has been coupled with rapid increases in incident cases, epidemics, and hyperendemicity, leading to the more severe forms of dengue. …”
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The typology of the nature values in the mining towns on the examples from the region of the Rybnik Coal Area by Pukowiec Katarzyna, Kurda Wojciech

“…A geological substratum consists of Carboniferous rocks with a hard coal layer exploited from the end of 18th century, but more intensively in the last half-century. In all of the researched towns, hard coal mining is still running and anthropogenic processes changing the environment are taking place. …”
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Transboundary aquifers of Africa: Review of the current state of knowledge and progress towards sustainable development and management by Geert-Jan Nijsten, Greg Christelis, Karen G. Villholth, Eberhard Braune, Cheikh Bécaye Gaye

“…Study focus: Review of work on TBAs in Africa, including an overview of assessments and management efforts that have taken place over the last half century. New hydrological insights: Seventy-two TBAs have been mapped in Africa. …”
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The US President's Cancer Panel: A Model For Gathering Country-Level Input to Inform Cancer Control Policy and Program Initiatives by Lisa J. Paradis, Ann Chao, Barbara K. Rimer, Abby B. Sandler, Kalina Duncan, Mishka Kohli Cira, Rachel Hanisch

“…Since its creation a half century ago, the Panel has gathered input from individuals and organizations across the US cancer community and beyond and recommended actions to accelerate progress against cancer. …”
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The metabolic conditioning of obesity: A review of the pathogenesis of obesity and the epigenetic pathways that “program” obesity from conception by Ananthi Rajamoorthi, Charles A. LeDuc, Charles A. LeDuc, Vidhu V. Thaker, Vidhu V. Thaker, Vidhu V. Thaker

“…We present evidence over the last half-century that suggests that the temporospatial evolution of obesity from intrauterine life and beyond is, in part, due to the conditioning of physiological processes at critical developmental periods that results in maladaptive responses to obesogenic exposures later in life. …”
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Improving the Caesarean Decision by Robson Classification: A Population-Based Study by 5,323,500 Livebirth Data by H. Omer Tontus, Saniye Nebioglu

“…In many countries, based on population, all-cause C-Section rates have increased steadily during the past half century. The high and rising C-Section rate is certainly a cause for concern, and evidence-based information is needed as to how or why the C-Section rate has increased and what needs to be done. …”
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Pathophysiological significance of creatinekinase and lactatedehydrogenase in the mechanisms of adaptation of muscle tissue of descendants by G. Stepanov

“… Over the past half century, the human population has seen a significant increase in the proportion of individuals exposed to ionizing radiation. …”
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Habitat suitability for Dickcissels (Spiza americana) during spring and fall migration: A species distribution modeling approach by Alex Glass, Michael W. Eichholz, Jason L. Brown

“…IntroductionMigratory songbirds have experienced consistent population declines over the past half-century. An important, though often overlooked, contributor to these declines is the loss and degradation of stopover areas during migration, which are critical for allowing migrants to rest and refuel, and arrive in good condition at breeding and nonbreeding grounds.MethodsHere, we used publicly available eBird occurrence data to build species distribution models examining habitat suitability of the Dickcissel, a grassland-associated neotropical migrant, during spring and fall migration. …”
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Behavior-specific occurrence patterns of Pinyon Jays (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus) in three Great Basin study areas and significance for pinyon-juniper woodland management. by John D Boone, Chris Witt, Elisabeth M Ammon

“…Range-wide, Pinyon Jays have declined ~ 3-4% per year for at least the last half-century. Occurrence patterns and habitat use of Pinyon Jays have not been well characterized across much of the species' range, and obtaining this information is necessary for better understanding the causes of ongoing declines and determining useful conservation strategies. …”
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Organellar genomes of giant kelp from the southern hemisphere by Cintia Iha, Cayne Layton, Warren Flentje, Andrew Lenton, Craig Johnson, Ceridwen I. Fraser, Anusuya Willis

“…ABSTRACTMacrocystis pyrifera is a foundation species that creates kelp forests and supports essential ecosystem services across coastal environments. Over the past half-century, more than 95% of giant kelp forests have declined around Tasmania, Australia, due to climate change, causing a near-complete loss of the ecosystems and services they support. …”
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Benchmarking Catalysts for Formic Acid/Formate Electrooxidation by Scott J. Folkman, Jesús González-Cobos, Stefano Giancola, Irene Sánchez-Molina, José Ramón Galán-Mascarós

“…Formic acid/formate (FA) has attracted intense interest as a liquid fuel over the last half century, giving rise to a plethora of studies on catalysts for its efficient electrocatalytic oxidation for usage in fuel cells. …”
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Carbon Footprint Management by Agricultural Practices by Ekrem Ozlu, Francisco Javier Arriaga, Serdar Bilen, Gafur Gozukara, Emre Babur

“…Global attention to climate change issues, especially air temperature changes, has drastically increased over the last half-century. Along with population growth, greater surface temperature, and higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, there are growing concerns for ecosystem sustainability and other human existence on earth. …”
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From Toxin to Treatment: A Narrative Review on the Use of Botulinum Toxin for Autonomic Dysfunction by Lucas Rempel, Raza N. Malik, Claire Shackleton, Martín Calderón-Juárez, Rahul Sachdeva, Andrei V. Krassioukov

“…Since its regulatory approval over a half-century ago, botulinum toxin has evolved from one of the most potent neurotoxins known to becoming routinely adopted in clinical practice. …”
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A review of applications of environmental DNA for reptile conservation and management by Bethany Nordstrom, Nicola Mitchell, Margaret Byrne, Simon Jarman

“…Abstract Reptile populations are in decline globally, with total reptile abundance halving in the past half century, and approximately a fifth of species currently threatened with extinction. …”
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Key Properties for the Toxicity Classification of Chemicals: A Comparison of the REACH Regulation and Scientific Studies Trends by Mª Pilar Garralaga, Laura Lomba, Estefanía Zuriaga, Sonia Santander, Beatriz Giner

“…In the last half century, the improvements in quality of life owing to the development of the chemical industry are indisputable. …”
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Fungal endophyte bioinoculants as a green alternative towards sustainable agriculture by Itika Sharma, Ashish Raina, Malvi Choudhary, Apra, Sanjana Kaul, Manoj K. Dhar

“…Over the past half century, limited use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and conservation of the environment and natural resources have become the interdependent goals of sustainable agriculture. …”
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Molecular chaperones and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by Cong Hua, Wei-na Ju, Hang Jin, Xin Sun, Gang Zhao

“…Numerous treatments for hypoxic-ischemic brain injury caused by HIE have been developed over the last half century. Hypothermia, xenon gas treatment, the use of melatonin and erythropoietin, and hypoxic-ischemic preconditioning have proven effective in HIE patients. …”
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“The West” and “Non-West” in the Space of International Relations Theory by Tatyana Aleksandrovna Alekseeva

“…Really, during more than one and a half century the theory of international relations, born and developed mostly in the West had been mostly supporting the ideas, being forms first in Europe, later in the USA. …”
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