Epidemiologic risk factors and occupation analysis of COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths–southern California, 2020 by Patricia Cummings, Theresa Ubano Perez, Megan Sidana, Charmaine Peters

“…Conclusions: This study describes the burden of COVID-19 in a rural area with a large aging population and highlights potential health disparities among severe cases and deaths in different occupational groups.…”
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221 Factors Influencing COVID-19 Testing among American Indians and Latinos in Two Rural Agricultural Communities: A Qualitative Study by Dillon van Rensburg, Georgina Perez, Alex Adams, Teresa Warne, Thomas Quigley, Lorenzo Garza, Virgil Dupuis, Paul K Drain, Linda K Ko

“…OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Despite efforts to improve COVID-19 health outcomes through testing and vaccination, SARS-CoV-2 has exacerbated health disparities in underserved populations. Through this study we examined socio-contextual factors impacting decisions to test for COVID-19 among Native Americans in the Flathead Reservation and Hispanics in the Yakima Valley. …”
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Racial discrimination in healthcare settings and mental health among a population-based sample of racial and ethnic minoritized adults with COVID-19 in Michigan by Soomin Ryu, Jana L. Hirschtick, Kristi L. Allgood, Robert Orellana, Nancy L. Fleischer

“…The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened existing racial health disparities and racial discrimination in healthcare; however, little is known about how racial discrimination in healthcare settings is related to mental health during the pandemic. …”
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Contingency management to promote smoking cessation in people experiencing homelessness: Leveraging the electronic health record in a pilot, pragmatic randomized controlled trial. by Melanie F Molina, Sharon M Hall, Maxine Stitzer, Margot Kushel, Deepalika Chakravarty, Maya Vijayaraghavan

“…If found to be feasible, acceptable, and subsequently efficacious in a larger trial, the intervention could reduce tobacco-related health disparities by increasing long-term smoking abstinence among this vulnerable population.…”
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Advocating for language equity: a community-public health partnership by Dana Kurlander, Amy G. Lam, Elizabeth Dawson-Hahn, Elizabeth Dawson-Hahn, Diego de Acosta

“…The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted and exacerbated these health disparities and unmet healthcare needs. In Alameda County (CA), where 46% of foreign-born residents speak a language other than English at home, community-based organizations have been crucial in providing translated materials and one-on-one support to ensure LEP residents receive critical COVID-19 updates and services. …”
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Assessing Patient Goals for Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy: A Standardized Patient Case for Medical Students by Sabina T. Spigner, Nicole V. Rivera, Eloho Ufomata, Elyse G. Mark, Victoria Grieve, Morgan Faeder, Valerie L. Fulmer, Reed Van Deusen, Catherine Gowl, Dena Hofkosh, Kristen L. Eckstrand

“…Increasing TGD health skills–based curricula in UME can help address TGD health disparities. We developed a standardized patient (SP) case to assess TGD health skills–based competencies and attitudes among medical students. …”
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Phytochemical profile and pro-healthy properties of Terminalia chebula: A comprehensive review by Muhammad Tauseef Sultan, Muhammad Junaid Anwar, Muhammad Imran, Ijaz Khalil, Farhan Saeed, Shahzadi Neelum, Suliman A. Alsagaby, Waleed Al Abdulmonem, Mohamed A. Abdelgawad, Muzzamal Hussain, Ahmed H. El-Ghorab, Maryam Umar, Entessar Al Jbawi

“…The myrobalan (Terminalia chebula) is one such example that was renowned as the king of medicinal plants in Ayurveda due to its wide range of utilization in herbal decoctions to treat various health disparities. The current review showed phytochemical profile, that includes phenolic acids, casuarinin, chebulagic acid, chebulinic acid, rutin, and corilagin. …”
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Sociodemographic Disparities and Parity in Relation to Urinary Incontinence: A Nationwide Primary Healthcare Cohort Study (1997–2018) by Christoffer Sundqvist, Xinjun Li, Kristina Sundquist, Filip Jansåker

“…Previous research allied with these findings suggests using a comprehensive approach targeting health disparities.…”
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Caregiver perceptions of a pediatric produce prescription program during the COVID-19 pandemic by Zhongyu Li, Fang Fang Zhang, Sean B. Cash, Kurt Hager, Leo Trevino, Sara C. Folta

“…IntroductionProduce prescription programs are rapidly expanding as a type of Food is Medicine intervention with prospects for mitigating food insecurity and reducing diet-related health disparities. Gaining insight into participant perspectives on program logistics and perceived impacts is crucial to program success and improvements.MethodsBetween May and June 2021, we conducted individual and small group interviews with 23 caregivers with children aged 1–5 years who participated in a produce prescription program from 2020 to 2021 in Texas, U.S. …”
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Development of an online public health curriculum for medical students: the public health commute by Sarah Godfrey, Katherine Nickerson, Jonathan Amiel, Benjamin Lebwohl

“…Frequently suggested topics included social determinants of health (25%), epidemiology (25%), health systems (25%), insurance (21%), policy (17%), economics (17%), racism (15%), and health disparities (8%). When asked how public health will impact their medical career, students frequently responded that it would greatly impact their clinical practice (49%), choice of residency program (17%), and decision to pursue advocacy or additional degrees (15%). …”
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Pathways between neighbourhood factors, stress and glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes in Southeastern United States: a cross-sectional pathway analysis by Leonard E Egede, Jennifer A Campbell, Rebekah Walker, Elise Mosley-Johnson, Laura Hawks, Shannon L Walker, Carlos Mendez

“…Objectives Understanding the pathway by which neighbourhood factors influence glycaemic control may be crucial to addressing health disparities in diabetes. This study aimed to examine if the pathway between neighbourhood factors and glycaemic control is mediated by stress.Design Structured equation modelling (SEM) was used to investigate direct and indirect effects in the relationship between neighbourhood factors, stress and glycaemic control, with standardised estimates to allow comparison of paths.Participants Data was obtained from 615 adults with type 2 diabetes in the Southeastern United States.Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcome variable was glycaemic control determined by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) within the prior 6 months. …”
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‘A basic understanding’; evaluation of a blended training programme for healthcare providers in hospital-based palliative care to improve communication with patients with limited h... by Janneke Noordman, Ruud Roodbeen, Leonie Gach, Lotte Schulze, Jany Rademakers, Maria van den Muijsenbergh, Gudule Boland, Sandra van Dulmen

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Physical Activity Patterns in Rural-Residing Spousal Caregivers and Cardiac Surgery Patients in the First 6 Months Post-Surgery by Paula Schulz, Lani Zimmerman, Patrik Johansson, Melody Hertzog, Sue Barnason

“…Conclusions: CGs were similar in age and comorbidities to their spouses, however, CGs were less likely to increase their PA levels. Health disparities in CVD mortality in the rural population may have additional impact and underscores the need for future targeted interventions addressing CV risk in CGs. …”
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Understanding racialised older adults’ experiences of the Canadian healthcare system, and codesigning solutions: protocol for a qualitative study in nine languages by Joanie Sims-Gould, Neil Arya, Paul Stolee, Jacobi Elliott, Kelly Grindrod, Catherine E Tong, Kimberly J Lopez, Diya Chowdhury

“…International research suggests that engagement has the potential to reduce health disparities and improve quality of care. We aim to (1) describe what role(s) RIOAs are/are not taking in their own healthcare, from the perspectives of participant groups (RIOAs, caregivers and healthcare providers (HCPs)); and (2) develop a codesign process with these participants, creating linguistically aligned and culturally aligned tools, resources or solutions to support patient engagement with RIOAs.Methods and analysis Using a cross-cultural participatory action research approach, our work will consist of three phases: phase 1, strengthen existing partnerships with RIOAs and appropriate agencies and cultural associations; phase 2, on receipt of informed consent, in-depth interviews with RIOAs and caregivers (n=~45) and HCPs (n=~10), professionally interpreted as needed. …”
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Enabling Wearable Pulse Transit Time-Based Blood Pressure Estimation for Medically Underserved Areas and Health Equity: Comprehensive Evaluation Study by Venu Ganti, Andrew M Carek, Hewon Jung, Adith V Srivatsa, Deborah Cherry, Levather Neicey Johnson, Omer T Inan

“…This presents challenges in clinical translation due to concerns about perpetuating existing health disparities. ObjectiveIn this paper, we aim to present findings on the feasibility of a cuffless, wrist-worn, pulse transit time (PTT)–based device for monitoring BP in a diverse population. …”
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U.S. Federal Investment in Religiousness/Spirituality and Health Research: A Systematic Review by Crystal L. Park, Jamilah R. George, Saya Awao, Lauren M. Carney, Steven Batt, John M. Salsman

“…The proportion of studies focused on racial/ethnic minorities (47%) was disproportionate to their representation in the U.S. population, which could reflect either heightened efforts to address health disparities or a view that R/S is primarily or mostly relevant to minority groups. …”
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104 COVID-19 Exposure and Care-Seeking Behaviors Among Vulnerable Urban Adolescents and Young Adults–Baltimore, Maryland USA by Marshae Nickelberry, Pamela A. Matson, Allison Agwu, Kathryn Van Eck, Jamie Perin, Jenell Coleman, Maria Trent

“…Given the sexual health disparities faced by AYA, who bear more than half of the 50 million STI cases in the US, optimizing services for AYA is essential and consistent with new laws expanding telehealth use.…”
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Viral blood-borne infections testing and linkage to care cascade among persons who experience homelessness in the United States: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Ria Saha, Amanda P. Miller, Andrea Parriott, Hacsi Horvath, James G. Kahn, Mohsen Malekinejad

“…Future programs should examine drop-out reasons and intervene to reduce health disparities in this population.…”
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Science-Informed Health Policies for Oral and Systemic Health by Slavkin HC, Dubois PA, Kleinman DV, Fuccillo R

“…This protracted division limits access to optimal health, supports fee for services, and exacerbates health disparities. Early in the 20th century, the most frequent dental therapy was tooth extraction: removed infected teeth were substituted by prosthetic appliances – commonly, dentures or nothing. …”
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The impact of greenspace or nature-based interventions on cardiovascular health or cancer-related outcomes: A systematic review of experimental studies by Jean C. Bikomeye, Joanna S. Balza, Jamila L. Kwarteng, Andreas M. Beyer, Kirsten M. M. Beyer

“…<h4>Conclusions & implications</h4> (1)Clinical implication: Healthcare providers should consider the promotion of nature-based programs to improve health outcomes. (2)Policy implication: There is a need for investment in equitable greenspaces to improve health outcomes and build climate resilient neighborhoods. (3)Research or academic implication: Research partnerships with community-based organizations for a comprehensive study of benefits associated with NBIs should be encouraged to reduce health disparities and ensure intergenerational health equity. …”
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