A REMARKABLE FEATURE OF BIODIVERSITY OF THE COASTAL, MARINE AND ISLAND ECOSYSTEMS OF THE CASPIAN SEA. A NEW LOOK AT THE AGE OF ISLANDS AND LEVEL MODE by G. M. Abdurahmanov, A. A. Teymurov

“…According to the results of pre-processing of field data set, the General picture of the floristic (higher plants) and fauna (some groups of invertebrates) species diversity (table. 1). …”
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Identification of two CiGADs from Caragana intermedia and their transcriptional responses to abiotic stresses and exogenous abscisic acid by Jing Ji, Lingyu Zheng, Jianyun Yue, Xiamei Yao, Ermei Chang, Tiantian Xie, Nan Deng, Lanzhen Chen, Yuwen Huang, Zeping Jiang, Shengqing Shi

“…This pathway has attracted much interest because of its roles in carbon and nitrogen metabolism, stress responses, and signaling in higher plants. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize genes encoding GADs from Caragana intermedia, an important nitrogen-fixing leguminous shrub. …”
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Weeds under the canopies of tree species submitted to different planting densities and intercropping Plantas daninhas sob copas de espécies arbóreas submetidas a consórcios e densi... by A.D Souza, P.S.L Silva, O.F Oliveira, I.M Dantas, P.L.D Morais

“…Gliricidia attained greater plant height than sabiá, but these species did not differ in canopy diameter, number of weed species per plot, and weed green and dry biomass of the shoot. Higher planting densities resulted in the reduction of all those traits. …”
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The Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi on Dry Matter and Concentrations of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Berseem Clover, by Cadmium stress by hashem aram, A. Golchin

“…Mycorrhiza is the mutualistic symbiosis (non-pathogenic association) between soil-borne fungi with the roots of higher plants. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate biotrophs, which can form mutualistic symbioses with the roots of around 80% of plant species. …”
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An Interspecific Comparison of Trace Metal Toxicity to Marine Phytoplankton by Hughes, David J.

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Expression, characterization, and rational design of chalcone synthase from Physcomitrella patens by Zakaria, Iffah Izzati

“…P. patens CHS exhibited similar kinetic properties and substrate preference profiles as those of higher plants. This suggest that the P. Patens CHS may exhibit similar mechanism as the other land plants CHSs. …”
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Distribution and source of hydrocarbons in the sediments of the Selangor River, Malaysia by Masood, Najat Abdullah Ebrahim

“…The alkanes originating from higher plants were mostly predominant in sediments from the stations located in upper parts of the river. …”
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Padrões de deslocamento e permanência de bovinos em pastos de Brachiaria decumbens diferidos sob quatro estratégias de adubação Displacement and permanency patterns of grazing catt... by Fábio Andrade Teixeira, Paulo Bonomo, Aureliano José Vieira Pires, Fabiano Ferreira da Silva, Jair de Araújo Marques, Hermógenes Almeida de Santana Júnior

“…Fertilization close to sealing period modify the displacement pattern of animals because the higher plants lodging making the animals to spend more time on pasture with greater density of leaf blade.…”
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New Insights into the Transcriptional Regulation of Genes Involved in the Nitrogen Use Efficiency under Potassium Chlorate in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) by Nkulu Rolly Kabange, So-Yeon Park, Ji-Yun Lee, Dongjin Shin, So-Myeong Lee, Youngho Kwon, Jin-Kyung Cha, Jun-Hyeon Cho, Dang Van Duyen, Jong-Min Ko, Jong-Hee Lee

“…This study investigated the transcriptional regulation of major genes involved in the NUE in rice treated with KClO₃, which acts as an inhibitor of the reducing activity of nitrate reductase (NR) in higher plants. A set of two KClO₃ sensitive nitrate reductase (NR) and two nitrate transporter (NRT) introgression rice lines (BC2F7), carrying the <i>indica</i> alleles of NR or NRT, derived from a cross between Saeilmi (<i>japonica</i>, P1) and Milyang23 (<i>indica</i>, P2), were exposed to KClO₃ at the seedling stage. …”
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Beneficial Effects of Selenium on Some Morphological and Physiological Trait of Hot Pepper (Capsicum anuum) by L. Shekari, M. M. Kamelmanesh, M. Mozafarian, F. Sadeghi

“…Selenium is an essential element for human with antioxidant and antivirus functions but is not considered essential for higher plants. Selenium is reported to be protective against cancer and more than 40 types of diseases are associated with Se deficiency. …”
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Development and validation of Sawit, an oil palm growth and yield model by Cheah, See Siang

“…However, the simulation errors increased with increasing planting density due to insufficient characterization of microclimate conditions and plant water uptake under dense oil palm canopies, and higher variability of measurements for higher planting densities. In conclusion, an oil palm model called Sawit was developed and has been parameterized to simulate the growth and yield of oil palms under the influence of weather conditions, planting densities and soil textures. …”
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Efecto de la temperatura, el estrés hídrico y luminoso sobre la heterogeneidad del fotosistema II en cuatro variedades de poroto (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Effect of temperature, wate... by JAVIERA GONZÁLEZ, CLAUDIO PASTENES, PETER HORTON

“…Aún cuando existen diferencias en la magnitud de los cambios observados en las diferentes variedades de poroto, en todos ellos se aprecia la tendencia a modificar la estructura de los centros PSII, de manera de favorecer una menor sobreexcitación de los centros de reacción de dichos complejos, en las situaciones de estrés estudiadas<br>Higher plants have developed multiple mechanisms of photoprotection in order to efficiently use the absorbed energy, as well as protecting the photosynthetic apparatus against oxidative damage. …”
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Effects of Temperature, Salinity, and Planting Depth on Seed Germination and Emergence of Tall Morningglory (Ipomoea spp.) by A. Kiani, A. Siahmarguee, E. Soltani

“…Result indicated that higher planting depth than 5cm, reduced the percentage of seedling emergence. …”
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Status and factors influencing on-farm conservation of Kam Sweet Rice (Oryza sativa L.) genetic resources in southeast Guizhou Province, China by Yanjie Wang, Aixia Jiao, Huicha Chen, Xiaoding Ma, Di Cui, Bing Han, Renchao Ruan, Dayuan Xue, Longzhi Han

“…In addition, the cultivation area of KSR in Dong villages was larger than that in other ethnic villages, and villages that had a higher planting area of KSR had more KSR accessions. (3) Farmers’ attitude toward the development and conservation of KSR: Dong farmers hold the negative attitudes concerning the development of KSR resources, but they thought it is necessary to protect KSR landraces. …”
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Organisation of apical meristems by Rolinson, A, Rolinson, Ann

“…This interpretation supports the view that the summit is not the site of apical initials in higher plants as considered by the orthodox view.</p> <p>A study of the effect on cell kinetics of red and far-red light by using accumulation of metaphases with colchicine revealed a change in response to far-red light with the age of the seedling. …”

Soil formation in high elevation and permafrost areas in the Qinghai Plateau (China) Edafogénesis en zonas elevadas y con permafrost en el Plateau Qunghai (China) Formação do solo... by Joselito Arocena, Kevin Hall, Li Ping Zhu

“…&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Soil systems continuously gain and lose matter and energy even in areas where climate is too harsh to support the higher plants such as in high elevations and in permafrost environments. …”
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Identification and description of the upper Neogene palustrine sediments in the east of Damghan by Kosar Fathalizadeh, Elahe Zarei, Mehdi Sarfi

“…Organic matter preservation (Lability) factors; palynomacerals derived from higher plants and generally become less abundant, smaller, and more oxidized in a distal direction. …”
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Characteristics of Lignin-derived Phenolic Compounds in Arid Lake, Northeastern China and Climatic Implications by SHANG Wenyu, SUN Qing, XIE Manman, ZHAN Nan

“…Applying the p-PHs/p-LGs index to the sediment samples of Yiheshariwusu Lake, the result show that degradation index (p-PHs/p-LGs) and the carbon isotope of free n-alkanes δ13C27-33 has solid correlation since 6.7ka, indirectly indicating the change of effective precipitation, as the climate turned wet generally since 6.7ka, with terrestrial higher plants dominant, humid climate and sufficient organic matter provided a suitable living environment and relatively stable nutrient source for microorganisms, and the degradation generally increased. …”
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