Mus81 cleavage of Holliday junctions: a failsafe for processing meiotic recombination intermediates? by Gaskell, L, Osman, F, Gilbert, R, Whitby, M

“…The Holliday junction (HJ) is a central intermediate of homologous recombination. Its cleavage is critical for the formation of crossover recombinants during meiosis, which in turn helps to establish chiasmata and promote genetic diversity. …”

Three-dimensional architecture of the human BRCA1-A histone deubiquitinase core complex by Kyrieleis, O, McIntosh, P, Webb, S, Calder, L, Lloyd, J, Patel, N, Martin, S, Robinson, C, Rosenthal, P, Smerdon, S

“…BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor found to be mutated in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer and plays key roles in the maintenance of genomic stability by homologous recombination repair. It is recruited to damaged chromatin as a component of the BRCA1-A deubiquitinase, which cleaves K63-linked ubiquitin chains attached to histone H2A and H2AX. …”

Exploring the roles of Mus81-Eme1/Mms4 at perturbed replication forks. by Osman, F, Whitby, M

“…The heterodimeric Mus81-Eme1/Mms4 structure-specific endonuclease appears to play an important role(s) in homologous recombination-mediated processing of such perturbed forks. …”

The Ubiquitin E3/E4 Ligase UBE4A Adjusts Protein Ubiquitylation and Accumulation at Sites of DNA Damage, Facilitating Double-Strand Break Repair by Baranes-Bachar, K, Levy-Barda, A, Oehler, J, Reid, D, Soria-Bretones, I, Voss, T, Chung, D, Park, Y, Liu, C, Yoon, J, Li, W, Dellaire, G, Misteli, T, Huertas, P, Rothenberg, E, Ramadan, K, Ziv, Y, Shiloh, Y

“…This pathway is essential for optimal end resection at DSBs, and its abrogation leads to upregulation of the highly mutagenic alternative end-joining repair at the expense of error-free homologous recombination repair. Our data uncover a critical regulatory level in the DSB response and underscore the importance of fine-tuning the complex DDR network for accurate and balanced execution of DSB repair.…”

Failed gene conversion leads to extensive end processing and chromosomal rearrangements in fission yeast. by Tinline-Purvis, H, Savory, A, Cullen, J, Davé, A, Moss, J, Bridge, W, Marguerat, S, Bähler, J, Ragoussis, J, Mott, R, Walker, C, Humphrey, T

“…A genetic screen revealed Rhp51, Rhp55, Rhp57 and the MRN complex to suppress both isochromosome formation and chromosome loss, in accordance with these events resulting from extensive end processing associated with failed homologous recombination repair.…”

Mobile elements drive recombination hotspots in the core genome of Staphylococcus aureus. by Everitt, R, Didelot, X, Batty, E, Miller, R, Knox, K, Young, B, Bowden, R, Auton, A, Votintseva, A, Larner-Svensson, H, Charlesworth, J, Golubchik, T, Ip, C, Godwin, H, Fung, R, Peto, T, Walker, A, Crook, D, Wilson, D

“…Here we reveal widespread homologous recombination in S. aureus at the species level, in contrast to its near-complete absence between closely related strains. …”

The Arabidopsis homologue of Xrcc3 plays an essential role in meiosis. by Bleuyard, J, White, C

“…The eukaryotic RecA homologue Rad51 is a key factor in homologous recombination and recombinational repair. Rad51-like proteins have been identified from yeast (Rad55, Rad57 and Dmc1) to vertebrates (Rad51B, Rad51C, Rad51D, Xrcc2, Xrcc3 and Dmc1). …”

Direct observation of RuvAB-catalyzed branch migration of single Holliday junctions. by Amit, R, Gileadi, O, Stavans, J

“…Holliday junctions form during DNA repair and homologous recombination processes. These processes entail branch migration, whereby the length of two arms of a cruciform increases at the expense of the two others. …”

Genomic plasticity and rapid host switching can promote the evolution of generalism: a case study in the zoonotic pathogen Campylobacter by Woodcock, D, Krusche, P, Strachan, N, Forbes, K, Cohan, F, Méric, G, Sheppard, S

“…Using a modelling approach we show that increasing levels of homologous recombination enhance the efficiency with which selection can fix combinations of beneficial alleles, speeding adaptation. …”

Repurposing of synaptonemal complex proteins for kinetochores in kinetoplastida by Tromer, E, Wemyss, T, Ludzia, P, Waller, R, Akiyoshi, B

“…We propose the kinetoplastid kinetochore system evolved by repurposing meiotic components of the chromosome synapsis and homologous recombination machinery that were already present in early eukaryotes. …”

A genome-wide IR-induced RAD51 foci RNAi screen identifies CDC73 involved in chromatin remodeling for DNA repair by Ebner, D, Herr, P, Lundin, C, Evers, B, Bauerschmidt, C, Kingham, G, Palmai-Pallag, T, Mortusewicz, O, Frings, O, Erik, S, Helleday, T

“…To identify new regulators of homologous recombination repair, we carried out a genome-wide short-interfering RNA screen combined with ionizing irradiation using RAD51 foci formation as readout. …”

LeishGEdit: a method for rapid gene knockout and tagging using CRISPR-Cas9 by Beneke, T, Gluenz, E

“…Traditional methods of gene knockout or tagging by homologous recombination have limitations: they tend to be slow and require successive transfection and selection rounds to knock out multiple alleles of a gene. …”

Overexpression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in Aspergillus terreus to increase lovastatin production by Hasan, Hanan, Abd Rahim, Muhammad Hafiz, Campbell, Leona, Carter, Dee, Abbas, Ali, Montoya, Alejandro

“…The present work describes the application of homologous recombination techniques in a wild-type Aspergillus terreus (ATCC 20542) strain to increase the flow of precursors towards the lovastatin biosynthesis pathway. …”
Get full text

Efficient biosynthesis of 2-keto-D-gluconic acid by fed-batch culture of metabolically engineered Gluconobacter japonicus by Weizhu Zeng, Wen Cai, Li Liu, Guocheng Du, Jian Chen, Jingwen Zhou

“…Keywords: 2-Keto-d-gluconic acid, Gluconobacter, Dehydrogenase, Homologous recombination, Fed-batch fermentation…”
Get full text

Selective Killing of BRCA2-Deficient Ovarian Cancer Cells via MRE11 Blockade by Adel Alblihy, Reem Ali, Mashael Algethami, Alison A. Ritchie, Ahmed Shoqafi, Shatha Alqahtani, Katia A. Mesquita, Michael S. Toss, Paloma Ordóñez-Morán, Jennie N. Jeyapalan, Lodewijk Dekker, Martina Salerno, Edgar Hartsuiker, Anna M. Grabowska, Emad A. Rakha, Nigel P. Mongan, Srinivasan Madhusudan

“…The MRE11 nuclease is essential during DNA damage recognition, homologous recombination, and replication. BRCA2 plays important roles during homologous recombination and replication. …”
Get full text

Somatic DNA Damage Response and Homologous Repair Gene Alterations and Its Association With Tumor Variant Burden in Breast Cancer Patients With Occupational Exposure to Pesticides by Thalita Basso Scandolara, Sara Ferreira Valle, Cristiane Esteves, Nicole de Miranda Scherer, Elvismary Molina de Armas, Elvismary Molina de Armas, Carolina Furtado, Renan Gomes, Mariana Boroni, Hellen dos Santos Jaques, Fernanda Mara Alves, Daniel Rech, Daniel Rech, Carolina Panis, Cibele Rodrigues Bonvicino, Cibele Rodrigues Bonvicino

“…Homologous recombination is a crucial pathway that is specialized in repairing double-strand breaks; thus, alterations in genes of this pathway may lead to loss of genomic stability and cell growth suppression. …”
Get full text

Pseudomonas aeruginosa heteroresistance to levofloxacin caused by upregulated expression of essential genes for DNA replication and repair by Wen-Ru Li, Zhi-Qing Zhang, Kang Liao, Bei-Bei Wang, Hui-Zhong Liu, Qing-Shan Shi, Xu-Bin Huang, Xiao-Bao Xie

“…Our results suggest that the upregulation of key genes involved in DNA replication and repair, and homologous recombination causes unstable heteroresistance in P. aeruginosa against LVX. …”
Get full text

The high toxicity of DSB-clusters modelling high-LET-DNA damage derives from inhibition of c-NHEJ and promotion of alt-EJ and SSA despite increases in HR by Veronika Mladenova, Veronika Mladenova, Emil Mladenov, Emil Mladenov, Shipra Chaudhary, Shipra Chaudhary, Martin Stuschke, Martin Stuschke, Martin Stuschke, George Iliakis, George Iliakis

“…Since RAD51-knockdown further increases SCAs-incidence, we conclude that homologous recombination suppresses SCAs-formation. Strikingly, CtIP-depletion inhibits SCAs-formation, suggesting that it relies on alternative end-joining or single-strand annealing. …”
Get full text

Precision therapy in pancreatic cancer: from streamlet towards mainstream by LUO Guopei, YU Xianjun

“…Over 25% of patients have druggable targets, which mainly involve in KRAS mutation status, homologous recombination repair deficiency, gene fusions, and immunotherapy related pathways. …”
Get full text

Clinical Application of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) Inhibitors in Prostate Cancer by Andrisha-Jade Inderjeeth, Monique Topp, Elaine Sanij, Elena Castro, Shahneen Sandhu

“…Approximately a quarter of men with metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have alterations in homologous recombination repair (HRR). These patients exhibit enhanced sensitivity to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. …”
Get full text