Relationship of an hRAD54 gene polymorphism (2290 C/T) in an Ecuadorian population with chronic myelogenous leukemia by César Paz-y-Miño, Andrés López-Cortés, María José Muñoz, Bernardo Castro, Alejandro Cabrera, María Eugenia Sánchez

“…The hRAD54 gene is a key member of the RAD52 epistasis group involved in repair of double-strand breaks (DSB) by homologous recombination (HR). Thus, alterations of the normal function of these genes could generate genetic instability, shifting the normal process of the cell cycle, leading the cells to develop into cancer. …”
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Olaparib and advanced ovarian cancer: Summary of the past and looking into the future by Brigida Anna Maiorano, Brigida Anna Maiorano, Mauro Francesco Pio Maiorano, Evaristo Maiello

“…Results from Study 42, Study 19, SOLO2, OPINION, SOLO1, and PAOLA-1 clinical trials, led to the FDA and EMA approval of olaparib for the maintenance treatment of women with high-grade epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer without platinum progression: in the platinum-sensitive recurrent OC; in the newly diagnosed setting in case Breast Cancer (BRCA) mutations and, in combination with bevacizumab, in case of BRCA mutation or deficiency of homologous recombination genes. In this review, we synthetized olaparib’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties and its use in special populations. …”
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Identification and purification of two distinct complexes containing the five RAD51 paralogs. by Masson, J, Tarsounas, M, Stasiak, A, Stasiak, A, Shah, R, McIlwraith, M, Benson, F, West, S

“…Because the paralogs are required for the assembly of DNA damage-induced RAD51 foci, and mutant cell lines are defective in homologous recombination and show genomic instability, their defect is thought to be caused by an inability to promote efficient recombinational repair. …”

Bacterial phylogenetic reconstruction from whole genomes is robust to recombination but demographic inference is not. by Hedge, J, Wilson, D

“…However, bacteria frequently exchange regions of their genomes by a process called homologous recombination, which violates a fundamental assumption of phylogenetic methods. …”

The role of interspecies recombination in the evolution of antibiotic-resistant pneumococci by D'Aeth, JC, van der Linden, MP, McGee, L, de Lencastre, H, Turner, P, Song, J-H, Lo, SW, Gladstone, RA, Sá-Leão, R, Ko, KS, Hanage, WP, Breiman, RF, Beall, B, Bentley, SD, Croucher, NJ

“…Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae emerge through the modification of core genome loci by interspecies homologous recombinations, and acquisition of gene cassettes. …”

The F-Box DNA helicase Fbh1 prevents Rhp51-dependent recombination without mediator proteins. by Osman, F, Dixon, J, Barr, A, Whitby, M

“…A key step in homologous recombination is the loading of Rad51 onto single-stranded DNA to form a nucleoprotein filament that promotes homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange. …”

Molecular flexibility of DNA as a major determinant of RAD51 recruitment by Paoletti, F

“…<p>The timely activation of homologous recombination (HR) is essential for the maintenance of genome stability, in which the RAD51 recombinase plays a central role. …”

C16orf72/HAPSTR1/TAPR1 functions with BRCA1/Senataxin to modulate replication-associated R-loops and confer resistance to PARP disruption by Sharma, A, Ramlee, MK, Kosmin, J, Wolstenholme, A, Ronson, G, Jones, D, Ebner, D, Shamkhi, N, Sims, D, Gibbs-Seymour, I, Lakin, N

“…While the toxicity of PARP inhibitors to cells with defects in homologous recombination (HR) is well established, other synthetic lethal interactions with PARP1/PARP2 disruption are poorly defined. …”

Human HEL308 localizes to damaged replication forks and unwinds lagging strand structures. by Tafel, A, Wu, L, McHugh, P

“…Moreover, HEL308 colocalizes with two factors involved in the repair of damaged forks by homologous recombination, Rad51 and FANCD2. Purified HEL308 requires a 3' single-stranded DNA region to load and unwind duplex DNA structures. …”

Pathway utilization in response to a site-specific DNA double-strand break in fission yeast. by Prudden, J, Evans, J, Hussey, S, Deans, B, O'Neill, P, Thacker, J, Humphrey, T

“…We found that the homologous recombination (HR) genes rhp51(+), rad22A(+), rad32(+) and the nucleotide excision repair gene rad16(+) were required for efficient interchromosomal gene conversion. …”

Mgm101: A double-duty Rad52-like protein. by Rendeková, J, Ward, T, Šimoničová, L, Thomas, P, Nosek, J, Tomáška, Ľ, McHugh, P, Chovanec, M

“…We hypothesize that Mgm101 could, in Rad52-like manner, preferentially bind single-stranded DNAs (such as at stalled replication forks, broken chromosomes and natural chromosome ends), stabilize them and mediate single-strand annealing-like homologous recombination event to prevent them from converting into toxic structures.…”

Whole-genome analysis of Nigerian patients with breast cancer reveals ethnic-driven somatic evolution and distinct genomic subtypes by Ansari-Pour, N, Zheng, Y, Yoshimatsu, TF, Sanni, A, Ajani, M, Reynier, J-B, Tapinos, A, Pitt, JJ, Dentro, S, Woodard, A, Rajagopal, PS, Fitzgerald, D, Gruber, AJ, Odetunde, A, Popoola, A, Falusi, AG, Babalola, CP, Ogundiran, T, Ibrahim, N, Barretina, J, Van Loo, P, Chen, M, White, KP, Ojengbede, O, Obafunwa, J, Huo, D, Wedge, DC, Olopade, OI

“…Finally, we demonstrate that characterizing tumors for homologous recombination deficiency has significant clinical relevance in stratifying patients for potentially life-saving therapies.…”

Plasmodium falciparum antigenic variation. Mapping mosaic var gene sequences onto a network of shared, highly polymorphic sequence blocks. by Bull, P, Buckee, C, Kyes, S, Kortok, M, Thathy, V, Guyah, B, Stoute, J, Newbold, C, Marsh, K

“…Understanding of the genetic organization of var genes is hampered by sequence mosaicism that results from a long history of non-homologous recombination. Here we have used software designed to analyse social networks to visualize the relationships between large collections of short var sequences tags sampled from clinical parasite isolates. …”

Fbh1 limits Rad51-dependent recombination at blocked replication forks. by Lorenz, A, Osman, F, Folkyte, V, Sofueva, S, Whitby, M

“…Controlling the loading of Rad51 onto DNA is important for governing when and how homologous recombination is used. Here we use a combination of genetic assays and indirect immunofluorescence to show that the F-box DNA helicase (Fbh1) functions in direct opposition to the Rad52 orthologue Rad22 to curb Rad51 loading onto DNA in fission yeast. …”

CRISPR-mediated genotypic and phenotypic correction of a chronic granulomatous disease mutation in human iPS cells. by Flynn, R, Grundmann, A, Renz, R, Hänseler, W, James, W, Cowley, S, Moore, M

“…Here, we explore the potential of the recently described clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9 site-specific nuclease system to encourage repair of the endogenous gene by enhancing the levels of homologous recombination. Using induced pluripotent stem cells derived from a CGD patient containing a single intronic mutation in the CYBB gene, we show that footprintless gene editing is a viable option to correct disease mutations. …”

Pleiotropic impacts of macrophage and microglial deficiency on development in rats with targeted mutation of the Csf1r locus by Pridans, C, Raper, A, Davis, G, Alves, J, Sauter, K, Lefevre, L, Regan, T, Meek, S, Sutherland, L, Thomson, A, Clohisey, S, Bush, S, Rojo, R, Lisowski, Z, Wallace, R, Grabert, K, Upton, K, Tsai, Y, Brown, D, Smith, L, Summers, K, Mabbott, N, Piccardo, P, Cheeseman, M, Burdon, T, Hume, D

“…We have produced Csf1r-deficient rats by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Consistent with the role of Csf1r in macrophage differentiation, there was a loss of peripheral blood monocytes, microglia in the brain, epidermal Langerhans cells, splenic marginal zone macrophages, bone-associated macrophages and osteoclasts, and peritoneal macrophages. …”

A naturally occurring microhomology-mediated deletion of three genes in African swine fever virus isolated from two Sardinian wild boars by Fiori, MS, Ferretti, L, Di Nardo, A, Zhao, L, Zinellu, S, Angioi, PP, Floris, M, Sechi, AM, Denti, S, Cappai, S, Franzoni, G, Oggiano, A, Dei Giudici, S

“…The phylogenetic evidence suggests that the deletion recently originated within the Sardinia ecosystem and that it is most likely the result of a non-allelic homologous recombination driven by a microhomology present in most Sardinian ASFV genomes. …”

Nprl3 is required for normal development of the cardiovascular system by Kowalczyk, MS, Hughes, J, Babbs, C, Sanchez-Pulido, L, Szumska, D, Sharpe, J, Sloane-Stanley, J, Morriss-Kay, G, Smoot, L, Roberts, A, Watkins, H, Bhattacharya, S, Gibbons, R, Ponting, C, Wood, W, Higgs, DR

“…Here we have analysed a mouse model in which expression of Nprl3 has been abolished using homologous recombination. The predominant effect on RNA expression appears to involve genes that regulate protein synthesis and cell cycle, consistent with perturbation of the mTOR pathway. …”

Novel approaches for targeting BRCA2-deficient tumour cells by Tacconi, E

“…<p>Defects in homologous recombination (HR) repair are associated with significant mortality and improved therapies for HR-deficient tumours are therefore urgently needed. …”

The hepatitis C virus internal ribosome entry site facilitates efficient protein synthesis in blood vessel endothelium during tumour angiogenesis. by Chung, G, Yamada, Y, Pannell, R, Forster, A, Rabbitts, T

“…We have demonstrated that the viral hepatitis C IRES element is a powerful mediator of protein synthesis in angiogenesis, such as found in solid tumours. Homologous recombination was used to introduce IRES-lacZ sequences into the Lmo2 gene, which is expressed in endothelial cells. beta-Galactosidase expression was determined during vascular remodelling in mouse embryos and in sprouting endothelium during growth of solid tumours, and showed that the hepatitis C IRES is used efficiently for protein synthesis in endothelial cells. …”