Interference in DNA replication can cause mitotic chromosomal breakage unassociated with double-strand breaks. by Mari Fujita, Hiroyuki Sasanuma, Kimiyo N Yamamoto, Hiroshi Harada, Aya Kurosawa, Noritaka Adachi, Masato Omura, Masahiro Hiraoka, Shunichi Takeda, Kouji Hirota

“…We measured the number of chromosomal breaks induced by three replication-blocking agents (aphidicolin, 5-fluorouracil, and hydroxyurea) in DSB-repair-proficient wild-type cells and cells deficient in both homologous recombination and nonhomologous end-joining (the two major DSB-repair pathways). …”
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Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) Enhances the Cytotoxicity of PARP Inhibition in Ovarian Cancer Cells by Olivia El Naggar, Brenna Doyle, Kelsey Mariner, Susan K. Gilmour

“…The BRCA1/2 germline and somatic mutations confer a deficiency of the homologous recombination (HR) repair pathway. Inhibitors of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), another important component of DNA damage repair, are somewhat effective in BRCA1/2 mutant tumors. …”
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A Novel LHX6 Reporter Cell Line for Tracking Human iPSC-Derived Cortical Interneurons by Maria Cruz-Santos, Lucia Fernandez Cardo, Meng Li

“…Using CRISPR/Cas9-assisted homologous recombination in hPSCs, we inserted the coding sequence of mEmerald and mCherry fluorescence protein, respectively, downstream that of the <i>LHX6</i>, a gene required for, and a marker of medial ganglionic eminence (MGE)-derived cortical interneurons. …”
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Regulation of Rad52-dependent replication fork recovery through serine ADP-ribosylation of PolD3 by Frederick Richards, Marta J. Llorca-Cardenosa, Jamie Langton, Sara C. Buch-Larsen, Noor F. Shamkhi, Abhishek Bharadwaj Sharma, Michael L. Nielsen, Nicholas D. Lakin

“…Here, we describe a novel role for PARP1 and PARP2 in regulating Rad52-dependent replication fork repair to maintain cell viability when homologous recombination is dysfunctional, suppress replication-associated DNA damage, and maintain genome stability. …”
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A Retrospective Study Comparing Olaparib and Bevacizumab as a Maintenance Therapy for Platinum-Sensitive Recurrent Ovarian Cancer: Impact on Recurrence-Free Survival in Japanese an... by Kazuho Nakanishi, Masafumi Toyoshima, Yuta Ueno, Shunji Suzuki

“…The efficacy of Ola was independent of background factors, including response to previous chemotherapy, homologous recombination status, histological type, or laboratory data. …”
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Novel Insights into RAD52’s Structure, Function, and Druggability for Synthetic Lethality and Innovative Anticancer Therapies by Beatrice Balboni, Francesco Rinaldi, Viola Previtali, Andrea Ciamarone, Stefania Girotto, Andrea Cavalli

“…While RAD52 was initially considered to be a non-essential auxiliary factor, its inhibition has more recently been demonstrated to be synthetically lethal in cancer cells bearing mutations and inactivation of specific intracellular pathways, such as homologous recombination. RAD52 is now recognized as a novel and critical pharmacological target. …”
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Complex Mechanisms of Antimony Genotoxicity in Budding Yeast Involves Replication and Topoisomerase I-Associated DNA Lesions, Telomere Dysfunction and Inhibition of DNA Repair by Ireneusz Litwin, Seweryn Mucha, Ewa Pilarczyk, Robert Wysocki, Ewa Maciaszczyk-Dziubinska

“…Consistently, base excision, DNA damage tolerance and homologous recombination repair pathways contribute to Sb(III) tolerance. …”
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Circulating Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer Patients: A Balancing Act between Stemness, EMT Features and DNA Damage Responses by Benedikt Heitmeir, Miriam Deniz, Wolfgang Janni, Brigitte Rack, Fabienne Schochter, Lisa Wiesmüller

“…A significant percentage of breast cancer cells are defective in homologous recombination repair and other mechanisms that protect the integrity of the replication fork. …”
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Mechanistic Insights on Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer by Olivia G. Huffman, Danielle B. Chau, Andreea I. Dinicu, Robert DeBernardo, Ofer Reizes

“…The efficacy of HIPEC therapy is impacted by several procedural and patient/tumor factors including the timing of surgery, platinum sensitivity, and molecular profiling such as homologous recombination deficiency. The present review aims to provide insight into the mechanistic benefit of HIPEC treatment with a focus on how hyperthermia activates the immune response, induces DNA damage, impairs DNA damage repair pathways, and has a synergistic effect with chemotherapy, with the ultimate outcome of increasing chemosensitivity. …”
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DIFFERENTIATION OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS: LESSONS FROM EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT by EMOKE PALL, ZSUZSANNA LICHNER, BABETT BONTOVICS, ELEN GOCZA

“…The pluripotent properties of ES cells are the basis of gene targeting technologies used to create mutant mouse strains with inactivated genes by homologous recombination. There are several methods to induce the formation of EBs. …”
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DNA Repair and Therapeutic Strategies in Cancer Stem Cells by Matthew S. Gillespie, Ciara M. Ward, Clare C. Davies

“…This can occur through multiple mechanisms, including increased expression and splicing fidelity of DNA repair genes, robust activation of cell cycle checkpoints, and elevated homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair. Herein, we summarise the current knowledge concerning improved genome integrity in non-transformed stem cells and CSCs, discuss therapeutic opportunities within the DDR for re-sensitising CSCs to genotoxic stressors, and consider the challenges posed regarding unbiased identification of novel DDR-directed strategies in CSCs. …”
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Downregulation of STOX1 is a novel prognostic biomarker for glioma patients by Jin Fei-qin, Jin Lei, Wang Yan-ling

“…Bioinformatic functional analysis (GSEA) predicted that STOX1 was related to many key cancer pathways including P53 signaling pathway (P < 0.01), DNA replication (P < 0.05), homologous recombination (P < 0.05), and Wnt signaling pathway (P < 0.05). …”
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SOSSB1 and SOSSB2 mutually regulate protein stability through competitive binding of SOSSA by Qi Zhang, Rongjiao Hao, Hongxia Chen, Gangqiao Zhou

“…Additionally, the simultaneous loss of SOSSB1 and SOSSB2 aggravates homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair defects, enhances cellular radiosensitivity and promotes cell apoptosis. …”
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Defective resection at DNA double-strand breaks leads to de novo telomere formation and enhances gene targeting. by Woo-Hyun Chung, Zhu Zhu, Alma Papusha, Anna Malkova, Grzegorz Ira

“…The formation of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) at double-strand break (DSB) ends is essential in repair by homologous recombination and is mediated by DNA helicases and nucleases. …”
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miR-18a impairs DNA damage response through downregulation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase. by Libing Song, Chuyong Lin, Zhiqiang Wu, Hui Gong, Yong Zeng, Jueheng Wu, Mengfeng Li, Jun Li

“…Similar to the effect of ATM siRNA, overexpressing miR-18a in breast cancer cells reduced the DNA damage repair ability and the efficiency of homologous recombination-based DNA repair (HRR) and sensitized cells to γ-irradiation (IR) treatment. …”
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Repurposing of synaptonemal complex proteins for kinetochores in Kinetoplastida by Eelco C. Tromer, Thomas A. Wemyss, Patryk Ludzia, Ross F. Waller, Bungo Akiyoshi

“…We propose the kinetoplastid kinetochore system evolved by repurposing meiotic components of the chromosome synapsis and homologous recombination machinery that were already present in early eukaryotes.…”
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Identification of necroptosis subtypes and development of necroptosis-related risk score model for in ovarian cancer by Chen Ji, Yue He, Yan Wang

“…The OS of samples with lower NRRS was significantly longer, and tumor mutation burden and homologous recombination defect were more obvious.Conclusion: This study showed that necroptosis plays an important role in the classification, prognosis, immune infiltration and biological characteristics of OV subtypes. …”
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Clinical Development of PARP Inhibitors in Treating Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer by Jacob J. Adashek, Rohit K. Jain, Jingsong Zhang

“…Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) belong to a class of targeted agents being developed for the treatment of homologous recombination repair (HRR) deficient tumors. Olaparib, rucaparib, niraparib, veliparib, and talazoparib were evaluated in early phase trials as a monotherapy for HRR-deficient mCRPC. …”
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Comprehensive Outline of Whole Exome Sequencing Data Analysis Tools Available in Clinical Oncology by Áron Bartha, Balázs Győrffy

“…The identification of homologous recombination deficiency enables the use of PARP inhibitors. …”
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The Impact of Hedgehog Signaling Pathway on DNA Repair Mechanisms in Human Cancer by Erhong Meng, Ann Hanna, Rajeev S. Samant, Lalita A. Shevde

“…There are five major DNA repair pathways: mismatch repair, nucleotide excision repair, direct repair, base excision repair and DNA double strand break repair (including non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination repair). Aberrant activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is a feature of many cancer types. …”
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