Impacts of Plant-Based Foods in Ancestral Hominin Diets on the Metabolism and Function of Gut Microbiota <italic toggle="yes">In Vitro</italic> by Gary S. Frost, Gemma E. Walton, Jonathan R. Swann, Arianna Psichas, Adele Costabile, Laura P. Johnson, Matt Sponheimer, Glenn R. Gibson, Timothy G. Barraclough

“…ABSTRACT Ancestral human populations had diets containing more indigestible plant material than present-day diets in industrialized countries. …”
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Short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: Systematic review and meta-analysis by Pablo Orellano, Julieta Reynoso, Nancy Quaranta, Ariel Bardach, Agustin Ciapponi

“…Methods: We included studies on human populations exposed to outdoor air pollution from any source, excluding occupational exposures. …”
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Seroprevalence of and risk factors for Q fever in dairy and slaughterhouse cattle of Jimma town, South Western Ethiopia by Feyissa Begna Deressa, David Onafruo Kal, Benti Deressa Gelalcha, Ricardo J. Soares Magalhães

“…Abstract Background Q fever is a zoonotic disease, caused by Gram negative bacterium C. burnetii, which imparts significant socio-economic burden due to production and reproductive loss (abortion, stillbirth, and infertility) in ruminants and debilitating clinical disease in human populations. While sheep and goats are considered the primary reservoirs of infection to humans, infection can also result from exposure to cattle. …”
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Toll-Like Receptor 3 Signaling via TRIF Contributes to a Protective Innate Immune Response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection by Allison L. Totura, Alan Whitmore, Sudhakar Agnihothram, Alexandra Schäfer, Michael G. Katze, Mark T. Heise, Ralph S. Baric

“…In the last 15 years, the emergence of highly pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV has caused significant disease accompanied by high mortality rates in human populations, but no approved therapeutic treatments or vaccines currently exist. …”
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Continuous measurements of valley floor width in mountainous landscapes by F. J. Clubb, E. F. Weir, E. F. Weir, S. M. Mudd

“…<p>Mountainous landscapes often feature alluviated valleys that control both ecosystem diversity and the distribution of human populations. Alluviated, flat valley floors also play a key role in determining flood hazard in these landscapes. …”
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Tamaño corporal y temperatura en poblaciones cazadoras recolectoras del Holoceno tardío de Pampa y Patagonia/Body size and temperature in the late Holocene hunter-gatherers from Pa... by Marien Béguelin

“…ABSTRACT The goal of this work is to describe the patterns of body size variation in Late Holocene human populations of Pampa and Continental Patagonia in order to discuss the evolutionary processes which may have shaped them. …”
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Identification and determination of genetic diversity in simian malaria parasites among wild long-tailed monkey populations from various regions of Peninsular Malaysia by Khajeaian, Parastoo

“…The chance of this pathogenic species switching to humans as their desired host is not ignorable due to theincrease of human populations in recent years, as well asecological alterations which are causedby pollution or deforestation. …”
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Transcriptomic and Genetic Associations between Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Cancer by Jaume Forés-Martos, Cesar Boullosa, David Rodrigo-Domínguez, Jon Sánchez-Valle, Beatriz Suay-García, Joan Climent, Antonio Falcó, Alfonso Valencia, Joan Anton Puig-Butillé, Susana Puig, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos

“…Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s diseases (PD) are the two most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders in human populations. Epidemiological studies have shown that patients suffering from either condition present a reduced overall risk of cancer than controls (i.e., inverse comorbidity), suggesting that neurodegeneration provides a protective effect against cancer. …”
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Associations between urine phthalate metabolites and thyroid function in pregnant women and the influence of iodine status by Gro D. Villanger, Samantha S.M. Drover, Rachel C. Nethery, Cathrine Thomsen, Amrit K. Sakhi, Kristin R. Øvergaard, Pal Zeiner, Jane A. Hoppin, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Heidi Aase, Stephanie M. Engel

“…Background: Human populations, including susceptible subpopulations such as pregnant women and their fetuses, are continuously exposed to phthalates. …”
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Between Lake Baikal and the Baltic Sea: genomic history of the gateway to Europe by Petr Triska, Nikolay Chekanov, Vadim Stepanov, Elza K. Khusnutdinova, Ganesh Prasad Arun Kumar, Vita Akhmetova, Konstantin Babalyan, Eugenia Boulygina, Vladimir Kharkov, Marina Gubina, Irina Khidiyatova, Irina Khitrinskaya, Ekaterina E. Khrameeva, Rita Khusainova, Natalia Konovalova, Sergey Litvinov, Andrey Marusin, Alexandr M. Mazur, Valery Puzyrev, Dinara Ivanoshchuk, Maria Spiridonova, Anton Teslyuk, Svetlana Tsygankova, Martin Triska, Natalya Trofimova, Edward Vajda, Oleg Balanovsky, Ancha Baranova, Konstantin Skryabin, Tatiana V. Tatarinova, Egor Prokhortchouk

“…Abstract Background The history of human populations occupying the plains and mountain ridges separating Europe from Asia has been eventful, as these natural obstacles were crossed westward by multiple waves of Turkic and Uralic-speaking migrants as well as eastward by Europeans. …”
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The global transcriptome of Plasmodium falciparum mid-stage gametocytes (stages II–IV) appears largely conserved and gametocyte-specific gene expression patterns vary in clinical i... by Jonas A. Kengne-Ouafo, Saikou Y. Bah, Alison Kemp, Lindsay Stewart, Lucas Amenga-Etego, Kirk W. Deitsch, Julian C. Rayner, Oliver Billker, Fred N. Binka, Colin J. Sutherland, Gordon A. Awandare, Britta C. Urban, Bismarck Dinko

“…However, most of these investigations rely on laboratory strains (LS) that were adapted into in vitro culture many years ago, and the transcriptomes of clinical isolates (CI) circulating in human populations have not been assessed. In this study, RNA-seq was used to compare the global transcriptome of mid-stage gametocytes derived from three short-term cultured CI, with gametocytes derived from the NF54 reference laboratory strain. …”
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Methylmercury-Induced Metabolic Alterations in <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em> Are Diet-Dependent by Nicole Crawford, Megan Martell, Tyson Nielsen, Belal Khalil, Farooq Imtiaz, Etienne Nguidjo, Jennifer L. Newell-Caito, Julia Bornhorst, Tanja Schwerdtle, Samuel W. Caito

“…Chronic exposure to MeHg in human populations shows an association with diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome (MS). …”
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Asymptomatic Shedding of Respiratory Virus among an Ambulatory Population across Seasons by Ruthie Birger, Haruka Morita, Devon Comito, Ioan Filip, Marta Galanti, Benjamin Lane, Chanel Ligon, Daniel Rosenbloom, Atinuke Shittu, Minhaz Ud-Dean, Rob Desalle, Paul Planet, Jeffrey Shaman

“…IMPORTANCE Respiratory viruses are common in human populations, causing significant levels of morbidity. …”
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Features of developing SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein population-based seroprevalence during the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in the Russian Federation by A. Yu. Popova, E. E. Andreeva, E. A. Babura, S. V. Balakhonov, N. S. Bashketova, M. V. Bulanov, N. N. Valeullina, D. V. Goryaev, N. N. Detkovskaya, E. B. Ezhlova, N. N. Zaitseva, O. A. Istorik, I. V. Kovalchuk, D. N. Kozlovskikh, S. V. Kombarova, O. P. Kurganova, V. V. Kutyrev, A. E. Lomovtsev, L. A. Lukicheva, L. V. Lyalina, A. A. Melnikova, O. M. Mikailova, A. K. Noskov, L. N. Noskova, E. E. Oglezneva, T. P. Osmolovskay, M. A. Patyashina, N. A. Penkovskaya, L. V. Samoilova, V. S. Smirnov, T. F. Stepanova, O. E. Trotsenko, Areg A. Totolyan

“…The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, dubbed COVID-19, has become one of the most serious challenges for human populations in the vast majority of countries worldwide. …”
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The Need for Dialogue Before Editing Human Embryos by Dallas Ducar

“…In regard to research, those who wish to investigate genetically engineered cells in human populations must ensure informed consent. In these cases, it is unclear what information would be essential and accessible to inform prospective parents of the very real risks this may pose towards their children, and successive generations. …”
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Discovery of Human-Specific Immunodominant <italic toggle="yes">Chlamydia trachomatis</italic> B Cell Epitopes by K. Shamsur Rahman, Toni Darville, Ali N. Russell, Catherine M. O’Connell, Harold C. Wiesenfeld, Sharon L. Hillier, Erfan U. Chowdhury, Yen-Chen Juan, Bernhard Kaltenboeck

“…Due to the high prevalences of both anti-C. trachomatis and anti-C. pneumoniae antibodies in human populations, species-specific serology is unreliable. …”
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2224 Determining if intestinal commensal bacteria enhance the frequency of reassortment of an enteric, segmented virus, reovirus by Matthew Lanahan, Andrea Erickson, Julie Pfeiffer

“…Finally, we will discover if reassortant reovirus is present in human populations. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: My first goal is to determine if specific bacterial species enhance the coinfection frequency of 2 strains of reovirus. …”
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Zoonosis and Foodborne Diseases in Pakistan by Vitorino Modesto dos Santos, Taciana Arruda Modesto Sugai

“…Brucellosis prevails among the high human populations with intensive animal farming. This severe IFBD is very frequently related to consuming unpasteurized dairy milk, and major challenges include an absence of permanent programs of disease control and lack of coordination among agricultural, environmental, livestock and health activities [2]. …”
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MORTANDAD CATASTRÓFICA DE GUANACOS POR ESTRÉS INVERNAL Y SUS IMPLICACIONES ARQUEOLÓGICAS: EL SITIO ALERO LOS GUANACOS 1, LAGO CARDIEL (PROVINCIA DE SANTA CRUZ, ARGENTINA) CATASTROP... by Diego Rindel, Juan Bautista Belardi

“…In terms of the impact of this kind of animal mortality events on human populations, it is suggested that, in the short term, they constitute an important supply of resources that is exploitable through a scavenging strategy. …”
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Synergy between Cell Surface Glycosidases and Glycan-Binding Proteins Dictates the Utilization of Specific Beta(1,3)-Glucans by Human Gut <italic toggle="yes">Bacteroides</italic> by Guillaume Déjean, Kazune Tamura, Adriana Cabrera, Namrata Jain, Nicholas A. Pudlo, Gabriel Pereira, Alexander Holm Viborg, Filip Van Petegem, Eric C. Martens, Harry Brumer

“…This detailed metabolic insight, together with a comprehensive survey of individual 1,3GULs across human populations, further expands the fundamental roadmap of the HGM, with potential application to the future development of microbial intervention therapies.…”
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