PD-L1 is Fascinating but IDO Needs Attention in Non-HCV and Non-HBV-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients by Asghar K, Bashir S, Ali Rana I, Abu Bakar M, Farooq A, Hassan M, Asif Z, Afzal M, Masood I, Ishaq M, Tahseen M, Bilal S, Mehmood S, Kanwal N, Ud Din I, Loya A

“…Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an immunosuppressive enzyme that is associated with poor prognoses in various cancer types. …”
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Risk factors for delayed kidney graft function from a deseased donor by A. V. Shabunin, P. A. Drozdov, I. V. Nesterenko, D. A. Makeev, O. S. Zhuravel, S. A. Astapovich

“…In the multivariate model, the most significant modifiable risk factor was an increased concentration of tacrolimus, which prompted the authors to reconsider the existing immunosuppressive protocol at the City Clinical Hospital n.a. …”
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COVID-19 Vaccination in Liver Cirrhosis: Safety and Immune and Clinical Responses by Inês Canha, Mário Jorge Silva, Maria Azevedo Silva, Mara Sarmento Costa, Rita Ornelas Saraiva, André Ruge, Mariana Verdelho Machado, Catarina Sousa Félix, Bárbara Morão, Pedro Narra Figueiredo, Milena Mendes, Carina Leal, Filipe Calinas

“…Alcohol was the most common (61%) cause of cirrhosis, and 7% were under immunosuppressants for autoimmune hepatitis; 69% had portal hypertension, 42% had a previous decompensation, and 21% had a Child-Pugh-Turcotte score of B/C. …”
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Glioblastoma Immunotherapy: A Systematic Review of the Present Strategies and Prospects for Advancements by Edoardo Agosti, Marco Zeppieri, Lucio De Maria, Camilla Tedeschi, Marco Maria Fontanella, Pier Paolo Panciani, Tamara Ius

“…Overcoming immunotolerance, stimulating robust tumor antigen responses, and countering immunosuppressive microenvironment mechanisms are critical for curative GBM immunotherapy. …”
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Construction of A Nomogram Prediction Model for PD-L1 Expression 
in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Based on 18F-FDG PET/CT Metabolic Parameters by Luoluo HAO, Lifeng WANG, Mengyao ZHANG, Jiaming YAN, Feifei ZHANG

“…Background and objective In recent years, immunotherapy represented by programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunosuppressants has greatly changed the status of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. …”
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Tocilizumab, netakimab, and baricitinib in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19: An observational study. by Ekaterina A Bryushkova, Valeria D Skatova, Zinaida Y Mutovina, Alena I Zagrebneva, Daria S Fomina, Tatyana S Kruglova, Anna A Akopyan, Irina D Strazhesko, Sergey A Lukyanov, Olga N Tkacheva, Maryana A Lysenko, Dmitry M Chudakov

“…<h4>Objective</h4>The aim of the study was to assess inflammatory markers and clinical outcomes in adult patients admitted to hospital with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and treated with a combination of standard-of-care (SOC) and targeted immunosuppressive therapy including anti-IL-17A (netakimab), anti-IL-6R (tocilizumab), or JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor (baricitinib) or with a standard-of-care therapy alone.…”
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Radiomics using computed tomography to predict CD73 expression and prognosis of colorectal cancer liver metastases by Ralph Saber, David Henault, Nouredin Messaoudi, Rolando Rebolledo, Emmanuel Montagnon, Geneviève Soucy, John Stagg, An Tang, Simon Turcotte, Samuel Kadoury

“…Particularly, CD73 is an ectonucleotidase that catalyzes the breakdown of extracellular AMP into immunosuppressive adenosine, which can be blocked by therapeutic antibodies. …”
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Age-related features of the pattern of lymphocyte subpopulations and functional activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with chronic kidney disease before and af... by D. V. Artemov, A. B. Zulkarnaev, A. V. Vatazin

“…This should be considered when choosing immunosuppressive therapy in older kidney transplant recipients.…”
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Patient Characteristics and Outcomes Associated with Sentinel Protection Device Use in Patients with Aortic Valve Disease Undergoing TAVR in a “Real-World” Setting by Habib Jabagi, Richard E. Shaw, Lara Gharibeh, Rajiv Tayal, Hussein Rahim, Francis Kim, Alex Zapolanski, Juan B. Grau

“…CPS patients were also found to have higher hemoglobin and albumin levels, lower creatinine, and were less likely to be on immunosuppressant therapy. The incidence of in-hospital/30-day stroke after TAVR did not differ between CPS and non-CPS patients (0.0% vs. 1.9%; p = 0.198). …”
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CD19 CAR-NK CONSTRUCTION WITH A NEW HINGE AND GITRL CO-EXPRESSION FOR TREG ACTIVITY INHIBITION by DF Schmidt, S Ebrahimabadi, MC Tirapelle, DT Covas, V Picanço-Castro

“…Thus, targeting these immunosuppressive cells is a strategy to improve CAR-based therapies. …”
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Screening Performance of Edmonton Symptom Assessment System in Kidney Transplant Recipients by Yuri Battaglia, Luigi Zerbinati, Giulia Piazza, Elena Martino, Michele Provenzano, Pasquale Esposito, Sara Massarenti, Michele Andreucci, Alda Storari, Luigi Grassi

“…Routine biochemistry, immunosuppressive agents, socio-demographic and clinical data were collected. …”
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Group A streptococcal collagen-like protein 1 restricts tumor growth in murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma and inhibits cancer-promoting neutrophil extracellular traps by Emily A. Henderson, Abby Ivey, Soo Jeon Choi, Stell Santiago, Dudley McNitt, Tracy W. Liu, Tracy W. Liu, Slawomir Lukomski, Slawomir Lukomski, Brian A. Boone, Brian A. Boone, Brian A. Boone

“…IntroductionPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal cancer associated with an immunosuppressive environment. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were initially described in the context of infection but have more recently been implicated in contributing to the tolerogenic immune response in PDAC. …”
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Thyroid dysfunction (TD) induced by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in advanced lung cancer by Yanling Wang, Xiaoxuan Yang, Jia Ma, Shenglan Chen, Ping Gong, Ping Dai

“…Results: PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors can induce T cell-mediated destructive thyroiditis, thyroid autoantibody-mediated autoimmunity, and a decrease in the number of immunosuppressive monocytes (circulating cluster of differentiation (CD)14+ human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRlow/negatives monocytes, CD14+ HLA-DR + lo/neg), leading to TD. …”
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Identification of potential resistance mechanisms and therapeutic targets for the relapse of BCMA CAR-T therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma through single-cell sequenci... by Wei Li, Binglei Zhang, Weijie Cao, Wenli Zhang, Tiandong Li, Lina Liu, LinPing Xu, Fengcai Gao, Yanmei Wang, Fang Wang, Haizhou Xing, Zhongxing Jiang, Jianxiang Shi, Zhilei Bian, Yongping Song

“…Conclusion Taken together, our data extend the understanding of intrinsic and extrinsic relapse of BCMA CAR-T treatment in R/R-MM patient and the potential mechanisms involved in the alterations of antigens and the induced immunosuppressive microenvironment, which may provide a basis for the optimization of BCMA CAR-T strategies. …”
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Short-Term Effectiveness and Safety of Biologics and Small Molecule Drugs for Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis by José-Juan Pereyra-Rodriguez, Sara Alcantara-Luna, Javier Domínguez-Cruz, Manuel Galán-Gutiérrez, Ricardo Ruiz-Villaverde, Samuel Vilar-Palomo, Jose-Carlos Armario-Hita

“…These studies have considered drugs under investigation both in monotheraphy or in combination with topical corticosteroids, as well as systemic immunosuppressant therapies. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of biological agents and small molecules in AD. …”
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Oral Inoculation of Specific-Pathogen-Free Chickens with Chicken Anemia Virus Induces Dose-Dependent Viremia and Transient Anemia by Suttitas Tongkamsai, Meng-Shiou Lee, Yi-Lun Tsai, Hsyang-Hsun Chung, Guan-Hua Lai, Jai-Hong Cheng, Ming-Chu Cheng, Yi-Yang Lien

“…Chicken infectious anemia caused by chicken anemia virus (CAV) is a very important immunosuppressive disease in chickens. The horizontal spread of CAV in field chickens has been confirmed mainly through oral infection in our published article. …”
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REmote preconditioning for Protection Against Ischaemia–Reperfusion in renal transplantation (REPAIR): a multicentre, multinational, double-blind, factorial designed randomised con... by Raymond MacAllister, Tim Clayton, Rosemary Knight, Steven Robertson, Jennifer Nicholas, Madhur Motwani, Kristin Veighey

“…Background: Long-term kidney allograft survival has remained unchanged in recent years despite immunosuppressive and surgical advances. Ischaemia–reperfusion (IR) injury sustained at transplantation contributes to kidney damage that limits allograft lifespan. …”
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Xenotransplantation of cryopreserved human clumps of mesenchymal stem cells/extracellular matrix complexes pretreated with IFN-γ induces rat calvarial bone regeneration by Tomoya Ogawa, Mikihito Kajiya, Susumu Horikoshi, Hiroki Yoshii, Mai Yoshino, Souta Motoike, Shin Morimoto, Hisakatsu Sone, Tomoyuki Iwata, Kazuhisa Ouhara, Shinji Matsuda, Noriyoshi Mizuno

“…To develop the “off-the-shelf” cell preparation for bone regenerative therapy that is promptly provided when needed, we investigated whether C-MSCsγ can retain the immunosuppressive and osteogenic properties after cryopreservation. …”
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Vav proteins do not influence dengue virus replication but are associated with induction of phospho-ERK, IL-6, and viperin mRNA following DENV infection in vitro by Evangeline Cowell, Hawraa Jaber, Luke P. Kris, Madeleine G. Fitzgerald, Valeria M. Sanders, Aidan J. Norbury, Nicholas S. Eyre, Jillian M. Carr

“…More detailed assessment of DENV-induced responses to azathioprine, a clinically used immunosuppressant that can also block Vav signaling and act as a nucleoside analog, similarly demonstrated no change in DENV RNA levels but resulted in inhibition of DENV-induced phospho-ERK and increased DENV-induced-IL-6 and viperin mRNA in ARPE-19 cells. …”
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Analysis of Volatile Anesthetic-Induced Organ Protection in Simultaneous Pancreas–Kidney Transplantation by Nora Jahn, Maria Theresa Voelker, Sven Laudi, Sebastian Stehr, Stefan Schneeberger, Gerald Brandacher, Elisabeth Sucher, Sebastian Rademacher, Daniel Seehofer, Hans Michael Hau, Robert Sucher

“…Background: Despite recent advances in surgical procedures and immunosuppressive regimes, early pancreatic graft dysfunction, mainly specified as ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI)—Remains a common cause of pancreas graft failure with potentially worse outcomes in simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT). …”
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