Fine-time energetic electron behavior observed by Cluster/RAPID in the magnetotail associated with X-line formation and subsequent current disruption by I. I. Vogiatzis, I. I. Vogiatzis, T. A. Fritz, Q.-G. Zong, D. N. Baker, E. T. Sarris, P. W. Daly

“…This provides the necessary and sufficient conditions for the kinetic cross-field streaming/current (KCSI/CFCI) instability (Lui et al., 1990, 1991) to initiate. As soon as the ionospheric conductance increases over a threshold level, the auroral electrojet is greatly intensified (see Fig. 2 in Baker et al., 2002), which leads to the formation of the substorm current wedge and dipolarization of the magnetic field. …”
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Role of neutral wind and storm time electric fields inferred from the storm time ionization distribution at low latitudes: in-situ measurements by Indian satellite SROSS-C2 by P. Subrahmanyam, A. R. Jain, L. Singh, S. C. Garg

“…At these latitudes, the effects of geomagnetic storms are basically due to (a) direct penetration of the magnetospheric electric fields to low latitudes, (b) development of disturbance dynamo, (c) changes in atmospheric neutral winds at ionospheric level and (d) changes in neutral composition triggered by the storm time atmospheric heating. …”
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Numerical study of current collection by an orbiting bare tether by Onishi, Tatsuo

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An ERA5 tropospheric parameters-augmented approach for improving GNSS precise point positioning by Liangke Huang, Feifan Liu, Lijie Guo, Guiwen Lan, Lv Zhou, Cheng Wang, Lilong Liu

“…Precise Point Positioning (PPP) technology has developed into a potent instrument for geodetic positioning, ionospheric modeling, tropospheric atmospheric parameter detection, and seismic monitoring. …”
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Exploring the Relationship between Geomagnetic Variations and Seismic Energy Release in Proximity to the Vrancea Seismic Zone by Andrei Mihai, Victorin-Emilian Toader, Iren-Adelina Moldovan, Mircea Radulian

“…Understanding the seismo–ionospheric coupling mechanism requires a quiet geomagnetic condition, as this represents an ideal situation to detect abnormal variations in the geomagnetic field. …”
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Climatology of intermediate descending layers (or 150 km echoes) over the equatorial and low-latitude regions of Brazil during the deep solar minimum of 2009 by Â. M. dos Santos, I. S. Batista, M. A. Abdu, M. A. Abdu, J. H. A. Sobral, J. R. de Souza, C. G. M. Brum

“…Ascending and descending ILs appeared to have been formed from some connection with the ionospheric F layer. Quite often, these characteristics are observed in the presence of strong signatures of the gravity wave propagation as suggested by the F layer traces in the ionogram. …”
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Fusion processing of multisource remote sensing images for extracting characteristic information from the Geladandong Snow Mountain area by Wei XU, Defang YANG, Lihao CHEN, Kaishu LUO, Shengpeng ZHANG, Yanze ZHANG, Long LI, Gang CHEN

“…The 3D spatial coordinates and elevation outliers of all the control points were calculated for the BDS CORS station in Qinghai Province using the Gamit/Globk double difference ionospheric combination model, real-time extended (RTX), and real-time kinematic (RTK) techniques. …”
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Auroral arc detection using a COTS spectral photometer for the Auroral Emission Radio Explorer (AERO) CubeSat Mission by Payne, Cadence(Cadence Brea)

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Exploiting Laboratory and Heliophysics Plasma Synergies by Dahlburg, Jill, Amatucci, William, Brown, Michael, Chan, Vincent, Chen, James, Cothran, Christopher, Chua, Damien, Dahlburg, Russell, Doschek, George, Egedal-Pedersen, Jan, Forest, Cary, Howard, Russell, Huba, Joseph, Ko, Yuan-Kuen, Krall, Jonathan, Laming, J. Martin, Lin, Robert P., Linton, Mark, Lukin, Vyacheslav, Murphy, Ronald, Rakowski, Cara, Socker, Dennis, Tylka, Allan, Vourlidas, Angelos, Warren, Harry, Wood, Brian

“…Laboratory plasma experiments surveyed include the line-tied magnetic reconnection experiments at University of Wisconsin (relevant to coronal heating magnetic flux tube observations and simulations), and a dynamo facility under construction there; the Space Plasma Simulation Chamber at the Naval Research Laboratory that currently produces plasmas scalable to ionospheric and magnetospheric conditions and in the future also will be suited to study the physics of the solar corona; the Versatile Toroidal Facility at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology that provides direct experimental observation of reconnection dynamics; and the Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment, which provides well-diagnosed data on three-dimensional (3D) null-point magnetic reconnection that is also applicable to solar active regions embedded in pre-existing coronal fields. …”
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Refilling process in the plasmasphere: a 3-D statistical characterization based on Cluster density observations by G. Lointier, F. Darrouzet, P. M. E. Décréau, X. Vallières, S. Kougblénou, J. G. Trotignon, J.-L. Rauch

“…In addition, the outer plasmasphere in the night and dawn sectors (22:00 to 10:00 MLT range) maintains an overall clear deficit of ionospheric population, when compared to the situation in the noon and dusk sectors (10:00 to 22:00 MLT range).…”
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Geomagnetic Activity at Lampedusa Island: Characterization and Comparison with the Other Italian Observatories, Also in Response to Space Weather Events by Domenico Di Mauro, Mauro Regi, Stefania Lepidi, Alfredo Del Corpo, Guido Dominici, Paolo Bagiacchi, Giovanni Benedetti, Lili Cafarella

“…The geomagnetic observatories prove to be important points of observation for space weather events occurring at different spatial and time scales, originating in both upstream and ionospheric regions, here analyzed by several well-established methodologies and techniques. …”
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The combined effects of electrojet strength and the geomagnetic activity (<I>K_p</I>-index) on the post sunset height rise of the F-layer and its role in the generation o... by S. Tulasi Ram, P. V. S. Rama Rao, D. S. V. V. D. Prasad, K. Niranjan, A. Raja Babu, R. Sridharan, C. V. Devasia, Sudha Ravindran

“…The nonlinear development and the sustenance of ESF/plasma bubbles is decided by the background ionospheric conditions, such as the base height of the F-layer (<I>h'F</I>), the electron density gradient (dN/dz), maximum ionization density (<I>N</I>_max), geomagnetic activity and the neutral dynamics. …”
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Meteor radar vertical wind observation biases and mathematical debiasing strategies including the 3DVAR+DIV algorithm by G. Stober, A. Liu, A. Kozlovsky, Z. Qiao, A. Kuchar, C. Jacobi, C. Meek, D. Janches, G. Liu, G. Liu, M. Tsutsumi, M. Tsutsumi, N. Gulbrandsen, S. Nozawa, M. Lester, E. Belova, J. Kero, N. Mitchell, N. Mitchell

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Nonlinear interaction between particles and ultralow frequency waves by Li Li, Xuzhi Zhou, Qiugang Zong

“…More specifically, ULF waves can provide diagnostics of the magnetosphere. For example, ionospheric conductance and mass density structure can be derived; substorm onset can be timed; and geomagnetic field lines can be mapped. …”
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Atmospheric tomography using the Nordic Meteor Radar Cluster and Chilean Observation Network De Meteor Radars: network details and 3D-Var retrieval by G. Stober, A. Kozlovsky, A. Liu, Z. Qiao, M. Tsutsumi, M. Tsutsumi, C. Hall, S. Nozawa, M. Lester, E. Belova, J. Kero, P. J. Espy, P. J. Espy, R. E. Hibbins, R. E. Hibbins, N. Mitchell, N. Mitchell

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Drivers of rapid geomagnetic variations at high latitudes by L. Juusola, A. Viljanen, A. P. Dimmock, M. Kellinsalmi, A. Schillings, J. M. Weygand

“…<p>We have examined the most intense external (magnetospheric and ionospheric) and internal (induced) <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi><mi mathvariant="bold-italic">H</mi><mo>/</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi><mi>t</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="40pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="0269e6a2f3a5f50e991d35875d1d7754"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="angeo-41-13-2023-ie00002.svg" width="40pt" height="14pt" src="angeo-41-13-2023-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> (amplitude of the 10 <span class="inline-formula">s</span> time derivative of the horizontal geomagnetic field) events observed by the high-latitude International Monitor for Auroral Geomagnetic Effects (IMAGE) magnetometers between 1994 and 2018. …”
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<i>D</i>-region ion–neutral coupled chemistry (Sodankylä Ion Chemistry, SIC) within the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM 4) – WACCM-SIC and WACCM-rSIC by T. Kovács, J. M. C. Plane, W. Feng, T. Nagy, M. P. Chipperfield, P. T. Verronen, M. E. Andersson, D. A. Newnham, M. A. Clilverd, D. R. Marsh

“…This study presents a new ion–neutral chemical model coupled into the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM). The ionospheric <i>D</i>-region (altitudes ∼  50–90 km) chemistry is based on the Sodankylä Ion Chemistry (SIC) model, a one-dimensional model containing 307 ion–neutral and ion recombination, 16 photodissociation and 7 photoionization reactions of neutral species, positive and negative ions, and electrons. …”
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GPS kinematic positioning for the airborne laser altimetry at Long Valley, California by Chen, Gang

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Solar influences on the Earth’s atmosphere: solved and unsolved questions by Katya Georgieva, Katya Georgieva, Svetlana Veretenenko

“…Variations of the galactic cosmic rays also lead to variations of the electric currents and the ionospheric potential in the polar caps which may intensify microphysical processes in clouds and thus also cause cloudiness variations. …”
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General Report of the Summer Party of the 15th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition 1973-1974 by Masayoshi MURAYAMA

“…On February 1, 1974, scientists of the 15th JARE took charge of routine observations of weather, ionospheric sounding, geomagnetism, seismology, and tide observation at Syowa. …”
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