Dominance and leadership in research activities: Collaboration between countries of differing human development is reflected through authorship order and designation as correspondi... by Gregorio González-Alcaide, Jinseo Park, Charles Huamaní, José M Ramos

“…Scientific collaboration is an important mechanism that enables the integration of the least developed countries into research activities. In the present study, we use the order of author signatures and addresses for correspondence in scientific publications as variables to analyze the interactions between countries of very high (VHHD), high (HHD), medium (MHD), and low human development (LHD).We identified all documents published between 2011 and 2015 in journals included in the Science Citation Index-Expanded categories' of Tropical Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, and Pediatrics. …”
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The barycentric model of determining the sustainable growth determinants by Tetyana Vasilyeva, Hanna Yarovenko, Dariia Babenko, Natalia Kalicheva, Nataliia Frolova, Nadiia Shylovtseva

“…The economic sphere is most unbalanced for the least developed countries. Various determinants can cause an imbalance for developing and new industrial countries. …”
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A Descriptive Learning Analytics: An Online Learning Programmes and Load-shedding Conundrum by Bawinile J. Mthanti

“…Research has also shown that in the least developed countries, effective e-learning practices face significant barriers, primarily stemming from insufficient infrastructure, economic challenges, low levels of computer literacy, and the added challenge of power outages. …”
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Calculation of Royalties in Compulsory Licensing of Pharmaceutical Patents in Europe – How Much is Justified? by Elli Välimäki

“…The research is geographically restricted to Europe in order to limit the study merely to developed countries, hence bypassing the biggest ethical problem of patents that is present in least developed countries (LDC). Also, the United States is set aside, because of their heavy emphasis on the exclusive ownership of patents, and lack of case law concerning compulsory licensing of medical patents. …”
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Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses in Central America: The Research and Public Health Disparity among Socioeconomic Lines by Kyndall C. Dye-Braumuller, Marvin S. Rodríguez Aquino, Stella C. W. Self, Mufaro Kanyangarara, Melissa S. Nolan

“…Our analysis identified a distinct dichotomy in publication, and by proxy, potentially awareness and knowledge of SFGR tick-borne disease in Central America, where the least-developed countries are at the highest risk for, yet the most vulnerable to, SFGR disease.…”
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Nutritional significance, value‐added applications, and consumer perceptions of food legumes: A review by Nicole S. Affrifah, Mark A. Uebersax, Samir Amin

“…Abstract Legume crops are widely grown worldwide and a primary source of proteins across many least developed countries. These food crops are inherently produced in environmentally sustainable manner and are also an economical source of plant‐based proteins versus animal‐based proteins. …”
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Comparative analysis of household food insecurity between selected coffee and wheat growers of Ethiopia by Mequanent Muche, Degefa Tolossa

“…AbstractEthiopia is one of the least developed countries where food insecurity is dominant in rural households. …”
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Impact of health research capacity strengthening in low- and middle-income countries: the case of WHO/TDR programmes. by Happiness Minja, Christian Nsanzabana, Christine Maure, Axel Hoffmann, Susan Rumisha, Olumide Ogundahunsi, Fabio Zicker, Marcel Tanner, Pascal Launois

“…Appreciation of the institutional grants' impact varied among recipient countries. The least developed countries saw the programmes as essential for supporting basic infrastructure and activities. …”
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Regional Mapping of Groundwater Resources in Data-Scarce Regions: The Case of Laos by Mathieu Viossanges, Paul Pavelic, Lisa-Maria Rebelo, Guillaume Lacombe, Touleelor Sotoukee

“…Laos is one of the world’s least developed countries, and currently witnesses an unprecedented level of development that is highly reliant on its natural resources, including groundwater. …”
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Purchase by the central government of immovable properties in certain cases of transfer in India: one of the measures to mobilize revenue to fight the global economic crisis by Ansari, Abdul Haseeb

“…The paper discusses some of the efforts made by the United States of America, the United Kingdom and the OECD, which can be considered by developing and least developed countries too. But before a measure is adopted, an economic study should essentially be made by them. …”
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The Colonial Origins of Divergence in the Americas: A Labour Market Approach. by Allen, R, Murphy, T, Schneider, E

“…These wages place the North American colonies among the most advanced countries in the world alongside Northwestern European countries and the Latin American colonies among the least developed countries at a similar level to Southern European and Asian countries. …”

Risk Factors of Covid 19 transmission in cholera endemic countries by Chandrika Murugaiah, Constance Liew Sat Lin, Hassanain Al-Talib, Mehru Nisha, Tunung Robin, Tuan Zainazor Tuan Chilek5 , Atif Amin Baig, Rhanye Mac Guad, May Zaw Soe, ABM Tofazzal Hossain, Falah Abbas Mohamad Salih, Mustafa al Shagga

“…COVID-19is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing deaths, illnesses and economic despair.The least developed countries have limited or lack of medicine, ventilators, beds, water electricity, availability of doctors’ service for a large population and facing challenges to handle the economic fallout of the crisis. …”
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The effects of country-of-origin on yemeni consumers' attitudes towards asian products by Al Maktary, Ammar Yassin Ghalib

“…The main purpose of the present research was to extend and consolidate knowledge about country-of-origin cue and its effects on the consumers’ attitudes from least developed countries. In order to achieve the purpose, this research has been applied on Yemeni consumers. …”
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The effects of country - of - origin on yemeni consumers' attitudes towards Asian products by Ghalib, Al-Maktary, Ammar Yassin

“…The main purpose of the present research was to extend and consolidate knowledge about country-of-origin cue and its effects on the consumers’ attitudes from least developed countries. In order to achieve the purpose, this research has been applied on Yemeni consumers. …”
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Existing infrastructure for the delivery of emergency care in post-conflict Rwanda: An initial descriptive study by Leana S. Wen, Douglas M. Char

“…It remains one of the poorest and least developed countries in the world. In the last two decades, there have been significant efforts to rebuild its healthcare system. …”
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Evolution of the Generalized Scheme of Preferences by Kniaz M. Bagdasaryan

“…There is no common criterion for determination of developing countries, either at the level of international organizations, including the World Trade Organization, or at the level of donor countries, while the list of least developed countries is determined by the United Nations, and they automatically become recipients of tariff preferences under the Generalized Scheme of Preferences. …”
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WHO systematic review of prevalence of chronic pelvic pain: a neglected reproductive health morbidity by Gülmezoglu Metin, Latthe Manish, Say Lale, Latthe Pallavi, Khan Khalid S

“…There were only 19/95 (20%) less developed and 1/45 (2.2%) least developed countries with relevant data in contrast to 22/43 (51.2%) developed countries. …”
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Modern Determinants of Countries’ Economic Power by Oleksii Chugaiev

“…The developed countries account for a half of economic power of the world’s countries, the newly industrialized countries — for more than one third, the least developed countries — for less than 1 per cent. The enhancing effect of integrated entities on their key member states was assessed. …”
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Pathways toward the sustainable improvement of food security: Adopting the household food insecurity access scale in rural farming households in Bangladesh by Md. Salman, Sadika Haque, Md. Emran Hossain, Nafisa Zaman, Fatema Tuj Zohora Hira

“…Achieving food security is a global concern that constitutes a major challenge, particularly for the least developed countries, such as Bangladesh. In the context of globalization, the nation continues to have ongoing food insecurity, particularly in rural areas, despite its overall economic growth and development. …”
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Assessing the evolving fragility of the global food system by Michael J Puma, Satyajit Bose, So Young Chon, Benjamin I Cook

“…Importantly, our findings indicate that least developed countries suffer greater import losses in more connected networks through their increased dependence on imports for staple foods (due to these large-scale disturbances): mean (median) wheat losses as percentages of staple food supply are 8.9% (3.8%) for 1992–1996, increasing to 11% (5.7%) for 2005–2009. …”
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