THE TRIPS AGREEMENT, INTERNATIONAL TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND DEVELOPMENT: SOME LESSONS FROM STRENGTHENING IPR PROTECTION by M. Shugurov

“…Bearing in mind the fragmentation of the international regime of IPR protection because of the adoption of numerous regional free trade agreements, the authors outline the possible position of advanced developing and least developed countries with respect to using TRIPS potentials for development of ITT under reasonable and just terms, with the aim of overall prosperity.…”
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Global Spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Malaria: An Epidemiological Paradox in the Early Stage of A Pandemic by Pietro Emanuele Napoli, Matteo Nioi

“…From the analysis of distribution data, the endemic presence of malaria seems to protect some populations from COVID-19 outbreak, particularly in the least developed countries. In this sense, molecular and genetic variations associated with malaria (e.g., in ACE2) might play a protective role against coronavirus infection. …”
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Managing Indigenous Minority Groups in the Tourism Industry: An Exploratory Case Study in Southern Laos by Kuwahara Hiroshi

“…Tourism-based employment has been promoted for reducing poverty in the least developed countries (LDCs). However, for employing the poor sustainably, particularly, indigenous minority groups, management has to cope with the socioeconomic disadvantages in these environments. …”
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Canada, The Law of the Sea Treaty and International Payments: Where Will The Money Come From? by Wylie Spicer

“…This Convention requires parties to it to make payments in respect of oil production on their continental shelves beyond 200 miles, to an international organization which is then tasked with distributing such payments to selected States parties to the Convention, taking into account the interests of the least-developed countries.* Canada has a number of offshore licenses in the area of the continental shelf to which these payments will apply. …”
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The Challenge of Regional Economic Integration in Africa: Theory and Reality by Peace A. Jiboku

“…Africa has remained slow in its development trajectory and harbours most of the least developed countries of the world. A large percentage of the African populace is mired in poverty while the sub-continent continues to be marginalised in global affairs. …”
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Multilateral Development Banks: Counter-cyclical Mandate and Financial Constraints by Andrea Molinari, Leticia Patrucchi

“…Abstract Given their attractiveness as a source of financing for the least developed countries, multilateral development banks (MDBs) have grown in quantity and size supported by their sources of financing. …”
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Problems of the Global Civilization: Economic and Environmental Changes by A. A. Tkachenko

“…Special attention is paid to the agriculture of the least developed countries relating to the assessment of environmental progress; in these countries, the increase in labor productivity is impossible without the growth of professional education of rural residents, and the transfer of new agricultural technologies to the uneducated population is ineffective. …”
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Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa – Novas Oportunidades no Mercado Farmacêutico by Verónica Lousada, António Donato

“…Portuguese-Speaking African Countries – Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea Bissau, Mozambique and Sao Tome and Principe – belong to the group of Least Developed Countries (United Nations Population Development classification – UNPD classification) except Cape Verde, which passed to the group of Medium Income Developing Countries. …”
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Childsafe tourism in South-East Asia : a case study of Sihanoukville, Cambodia. by Tan, Kum Boon., Seak, You Jun., Cher, Fawn Jia Wei.

“…The tourism industry is a significant revenue contributor to economies of Least Developed Countries such as Cambodia. However, its development brings about inevitable negative externalities, most significantly the exploitation of children, who remain the most vulnerable group of indigenous stakeholders. …”
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Where do the world’s multidimensionally poor people live? by Alkire, S, Roche, J, Sumner, A

“…Surprisingly perhaps, only a quarter of multidimensionally poor people and just one-third of <i>severely</i> multidimensionally poor people live in the world’s poorest countries – meaning Low Income Countries (LICs) <i>or</i> Least Developed Countries (LDCs). The sensitivity of findings about country thresholds for low and middle-income countries is discussed. …”

A Hierarchy of Preferences: A Longitudinal Network Analysis Approach to PTA Formation by Manger, MS, Pickup, M, Snijders, T

“…Rich countries form ties with each other and middle-income countries, who themselves create a horizontal layer of PTAs, but least-developed countries are left behind and do not form many ties. …”

Senior officials from 15 African and asian countries on study mission to UPM innovation ecosystem by Universiti Putra Malaysia, Pejabat Strategi Korporat dan Komunikasi

“…SERDANG - World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Geneva, together with Swedish Patent and Registration Office (PVR) and Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), sponsored 21 senior officials from 15 Least Developed Countries (LDC’s) for a 1 week capacity building programme at Putra Science Park (PSP) in UPM to learn the successful innovation ecosystem model. …”
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Canada, The Law of the Sea Treaty and International Payments: Where Will The Money Come From? by Wylie Spicer

“…This Convention requires parties to it to make payments in respect of oil production on their continental shelves beyond 200 miles, to an international organization which is then tasked with distributing such payments to selected States parties to the Convention, taking into account the interests of the least-developed countries.* Canada has a number of offshore licenses in the area of the continental shelf to which these payments will apply. …”
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The Impact of the Uruguay Round on World Agriculture by Chung-Sil Kim, Sang-Ho Lee

“…As is clearly visible on the maps produced by the GIS function, the real state of world agriculture as well as the results evaluated by this Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model has changed negatively in major importing countries and particularly the Least Developed Countries (LDCs), Sub-Saharan Africa following the Uruguay Round.…”
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Drivers of crop impacts from tephra fallout by Noa Ligot, Alicia Guevara, Pierre Delmelle

“…Agriculture is an economic and social pillar for the least developed countries. When these regions host volcanoes that exhibit explosive behaviour, a serious risk for agricultural production arises as crops endure various impacts from tephra fall. …”
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Development and the Dispute Settlement Body of the World Trade Organization: a survival analysis by Samuel Rufino de Carvalho, Andréa Freire de Lucena

“…Developed and Developing countries experience the incidence of an event more easily when compared to Least Developed Countries.…”
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Urbanization can help reduce income inequality by Guanghua Wan, Xiaoling Zhang, Mengxue Zhao

“…Abstract The global community has been confronted with rising income inequality, in particular, for those least developed countries (LDCs), since the same level of inequality as in advanced countries would push many LDCs into abject poverty. …”
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The blue economy's retreat from equity: A decade under global negotiation by Philippa Louey

“…For small island developing states (SIDS) and coastal least developed countries (LDCs) who took a leading role in embedding equitable benefit sharing within the blue economy during its early popularization, such retreat raises pressing questions over the agenda's continued suitability in advancing desired (and often much needed) sustainable development outcomes. …”
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Canada, The Law of the Sea Treaty and International Payments: Where Will The Money Come From? by Wylie Spicer

“…This Convention requires parties to it to make payments in respect of oil production on their continental shelves beyond 200 miles, to an international organization which is then tasked with distributing such payments to selected States parties to the Convention, taking into account the interests of the least-developed countries.* Canada has a number of offshore licenses in the area of the continental shelf to which these payments will apply. …”
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Suppressed demand in the clean development mechanism: conceptual and practical issues by Randall Spalding-Fecher

“…The situation of ‘suppressed demand’ creates a problem for setting emissions baselines against which to compare project performance, and has negatively affected CDM project development in Africa, Least Developed Countries and other regions with very few CDM projects. …”
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