Transient Inhibition of FGFR2b-ligands signaling leads to irreversible loss of cellular β-catenin organization and signaling in AER during mouse limb development. by Soula Danopoulos, Sara Parsa, Denise Al Alam, Reza Tabatabai, Sheryl Baptista, Caterina Tiozzo, Gianni Carraro, Matthew Wheeler, Guillermo Barreto, Thomas Braun, Xiaokun Li, Mohammad K Hajihosseini, Saverio Bellusci

“…The vertebrate limbs develop through coordinated series of inductive, growth and patterning events. …”
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Use of a Conditional Ubr5 Mutant Allele to Investigate the Role of an N-End Rule Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase in Hedgehog Signalling and Embryonic Limb Development. by Elaine Kinsella, Natalie Dora, David Mellis, Laura Lettice, Paul Deveney, Robert Hill, Mark Ditzel

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Limb patterning genes and heterochronic development of the emu wing bud by Craig A. Smith, Peter G. Farlie, Nadia M. Davidson, Kelly N. Roeszler, Claire Hirst, Alicia Oshlack, David M. Lambert

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An integrative genomic analysis of the Longshanks selection experiment for longer limbs in mice by João PL Castro, Michelle N Yancoskie, Marta Marchini, Stefanie Belohlavy, Layla Hiramatsu, Marek Kučka, William H Beluch, Ronald Naumann, Isabella Skuplik, John Cobb, Nicholas H Barton, Campbell Rolian, Yingguang Frank Chan

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Embryonic Development of the Avian Sternum and Its Morphological Adaptations for Optimizing Locomotion by Eleanor M. Feneck, Sorrel R. B. Bickley, Malcolm P. O. Logan

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Ectopic Fgf signaling induces the intercalary response in developing chicken limb buds by Aki Makanae, Akira Satoh

Subjects: “…Limb development…”
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Understanding the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms That Control Early Cell Fate Decisions During Appendicular Skeletogenesis by Jessica Cristina Marín-Llera, David Garciadiego-Cázares, Jesús Chimal-Monroy

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A Tribute to Lewis Wolpert and His Ideas on the 50th Anniversary of the Publication of His Paper ‘Positional Information and the Spatial Pattern of Differentiation’. Evidence for a... by Antony J. Durston

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Genome-wide profiling of p63 DNA-binding sites identifies an element that regulates gene expression during limb development in the 7q21 SHFM1 locus. by Evelyn N Kouwenhoven, Simon J van Heeringen, Juan J Tena, Martin Oti, Bas E Dutilh, M Eva Alonso, Elisa de la Calle-Mustienes, Leonie Smeenk, Tuula Rinne, Lilian Parsaulian, Emine Bolat, Rasa Jurgelenaite, Martijn A Huynen, Alexander Hoischen, Joris A Veltman, Han G Brunner, Tony Roscioli, Emily Oates, Meredith Wilson, Miguel Manzanares, José Luis Gómez-Skarmeta, Hendrik G Stunnenberg, Marion Lohrum, Hans van Bokhoven, Huiqing Zhou

“…We show that p63 binds to an enhancer element in the SHFM1 locus on chromosome 7q and that this element controls expression of DLX6 and possibly DLX5, both of which are important for limb development. A unique micro-deletion including this enhancer element, but not the DLX5/DLX6 genes, was identified in a patient with SHFM. …”
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Activation of the WNT-BMP-FGF Regulatory Network Induces the Onset of Cell Death in Anterior Mesodermal Cells to Establish the ANZ by Martha Elena Díaz-Hernández, Claudio Iván Galván-Hernández, Jessica Cristina Marín-Llera, Karen Camargo-Sosa, Marcia Bustamante, Sabina Wischin, Jesús Chimal-Monroy

Subjects: “…limb development…”
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Genetic loss-of-function does not support gain-of-function studies suggesting retinoic acid controls limb bud timing and scaling by Marie Berenguer, Gregg Duester

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Molecular Control of Interdigital Cell Death and Cell Differentiation by Retinoic Acid during Digit Development by Martha Elena Díaz-Hernández, Alberto Jesús Rios-Flores, René Fernando Abarca-Buis, Marcia Bustamante, Jesús Chimal-Monroy

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Conserved Mechanisms, Novel Anatomies: The Developmental Basis of Fin Evolution and the Origin of Limbs by Amanda N. Cass, Ashley Elias, Madeline L. Fudala, Benjamin D. Knick, Marcus C. Davis

Subjects: “…limb development…”
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The Conserved Sonic Hedgehog Limb Enhancer Consists of Discrete Functional Elements that Regulate Precise Spatial Expression by Laura A. Lettice, Paul Devenney, Carlo De Angelis, Robert E. Hill

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Quantification of gene expression patterns to reveal the origins of abnormal morphogenesis by Neus Martínez-Abadías, Roger Mateu Estivill, Jaume Sastre Tomas, Susan Motch Perrine, Melissa Yoon, Alexandre Robert-Moreno, Jim Swoger, Lucia Russo, Kazuhiko Kawasaki, Joan Richtsmeier, James Sharpe

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The Relationship between Gene Network Structure and Expression Variation among Individuals and Species. by Karen E Sears, Jennifer A Maier, Marcelo Rivas-Astroza, Rachel Poe, Sheng Zhong, Kari Kosog, Jonathan D Marcot, Richard R Behringer, Chris J Cretekos, John J Rasweiler, Zoi Rapti

“…We also found that variation in gene expression levels among individuals and species are correlated for earlier and later limb development. In conclusion, results are consistent with the robustness of the ESN buffering among-individual variation in gene expression levels early in mammalian limb development, and constraining the evolution of early limb development among mammalian species.…”
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Probing the ligand binding specificity of FNBP4 WW domains and interaction with FH1 domain of FMN1 by Shubham Das, Sankar Maiti

“…Developmental processes like vertebrate gastrulation, neural growth cone dynamics, and limb development require formins functioning in a regulated manner. …”
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Thyroid Hormone Receptor α Controls the Hind Limb Metamorphosis by Regulating Cell Proliferation and Wnt Signaling Pathways in <i>Xenopus</i> <i>tropicalis</i> by Yuta Tanizaki, Yuki Shibata, Hongen Zhang, Yun-Bo Shi

“…We have studied <i>Xenopus tropicalis</i> metamorphosis as a model for postembryonic human development and demonstrated that TRα knockout induces precocious hind limb development. To reveal the molecular pathways regulated by TRα during limb development, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation- and RNA-sequencing on the hind limb of premetamorphic wild type and TRα knockout tadpoles, and identified over 700 TR-bound genes upregulated by T3 treatment in wild type but not TRα knockout tadpoles. …”
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The Role of Retinoic Acid in Establishing the Early Limb Bud by Eleanor Feneck, Malcolm Logan

“…Retinoic acid (RA) was one of the first molecules in the modern era of experimental embryology to be shown capable of generating profound effects on limb development. In this review, we focus on the earliest events of limb development and specifically on the role of RA in establishing the domain of cells that will go on to form the limb itself. …”
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Cellular mechanisms of pattern formation in the developing limb by Maini, P, Solursh, M

“…Moreover, the insights gained in understanding limb development may help in understanding the mechanisms at work in other types of pattern formation in developmental biology.…”