Characterization of metagenome-assembled genomes from the International Space Station by Nitin K. Singh, Jason M. Wood, Jose Patane, Livia Maria Silva Moura, Jonathan Lombardino, João Carlos Setubal, Kasthuri Venkateswaran

“…Conclusions Comparative analyses of MAGs and whole-genome sequences of related ISS isolates and their type strains were characterized to understand the variation related to the microbial evolution under microgravity. The Pantoea/Kalamiella strains have the maximum single-nucleotide polymorphisms found within the ISS strains examined. …”
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Cultivable microbial diversity, peptide profiles, and bio-functional properties in Parmigiano Reggiano cheese by Serena Martini, Laura Sola, Alice Cattivelli, Marianna Cristofolini, Valentina Pizzamiglio, Davide Tagliazucchi, Lisa Solieri

“…While patterns of microbial evolution have been well studied in PR cheese, there is a lack of information about how this microbial diversity affects the metabolic and functional properties of PR cheese.MethodsTo fill this information gap, we characterized the cultivable fraction of natural whey starter (NWS) and PR cheeses at different ripening times, both at the species and strain level, and investigated the possible correlation between microbial composition and the evolution of peptide profiles over cheese ripening.Results and discussionThe results showed that NWS was a complex community of several biotypes belonging to a few species, namely, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus helveticus, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis. …”
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Minimal transcriptional regulation of horizontally transferred photosynthesis genes in phototrophic bacterium Gemmatimonas phototrophica by Karel Kopejtka, Jürgen Tomasch, Sahana Shivaramu, Mohit Kumar Saini, David Kaftan, Michal Koblížek

“…Understanding the regulation of horizontally transferred genes is important not only for microbial evolution but also for synthetic biology and the engineering of novel organisms, as these rely on the successful integration of foreign genes.…”
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The interplay between antimicrobial resistance, heavy metal pollution, and the role of microplastics by Igori Balta, Joanne Lemon, Anna Gadaj, Iuliana Cretescu, Ducu Stef, Ioan Pet, Lavinia Stef, David McCleery, Alastair Douglas, Nicolae Corcionivoschi, Nicolae Corcionivoschi

“…Unlike antibiotics, HMs have influenced microbial evolution for billions of years, promoting resistance mechanisms that predate antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). …”
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Genomic signatures of sex, selection and speciation in the microbial world by Shapiro, B. Jesse (Benjamin Jesse)

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Microbial Community Structure and Functional Potential Along a Hypersaline Gradient by Jeffrey A. Kimbrel, Jeffrey A. Kimbrel, Nicholas Ballor, Nicholas Ballor, Yu-Wei Wu, Yu-Wei Wu, Maude M. David, Terry C. Hazen, Terry C. Hazen, Blake A. Simmons, Blake A. Simmons, Steven W. Singer, Steven W. Singer, Janet K. Jansson, Janet K. Jansson

“…Salinity is one of the strongest environmental drivers of microbial evolution and community composition. Here we aimed to determine the impact of salt concentrations (2.5, 7.5, and 33.2%) on the microbial community structure of reclaimed saltern ponds near San Francisco, California, and to discover prospective enzymes with potential biotechnological applications. …”
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In Vitro Microevolution and Co-Selection Assessment of Florfenicol Impact on <i>Escherichia coli</i> Resistance Development by Ádám Kerek, Bence Török, Levente Laczkó, Gábor Kardos, Krisztián Bányai, Zoltán Somogyi, Eszter Kaszab, Krisztina Bali, Ákos Jerzsele

“…The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the antibiotics were investigated at 1×, 10×, 100× and 1000× concentrations using the adapted Microbial Evolution and Growth Arena (MEGA-plate) method. …”
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Adaptation of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Escherichia coli</named-content> to Long-Term Serial Passage in Complex Medium: Evidence of Parallel Evolution by Karin E. Kram, Christopher Geiger, Wazim Mohammed Ismail, Heewook Lee, Haixu Tang, Patricia L. Foster, Steven E. Finkel

“…Together, these data show that while some outcomes of microbial evolution experiments may be generalizable, many outcomes will be environment or system specific.…”
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Distribution and Genomic Variation of Thermophilic Cyanobacteria in Diverse Microbial Mats at the Upper Temperature Limits of Photosynthesis by Eric D. Kees, Senthil K. Murugapiran, Annastacia C. Bennett, Trinity L. Hamilton

“…IMPORTANCE Oxygenic photosynthesis arose early in microbial evolution—approximately 2.5 to 3.5 billion years ago—and entirely reshaped the biological makeup of Earth. …”
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A cluster of six respiratory cultures positive for Mycobacterium xenopi –Clinical characteristics and genomic characterization by Kendall Kling, Rebecca Osborn, Adil Menon, Janna Williams, Ryan Cardew, Omar Al-Heeti, Phillip Santoiemma, Michael Angarone, Samuel Gatesy, Travis Kochan, Teresa Zembower, Karen Krueger, Egon A. Ozer, Chao Qi

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Microbial paracetamol degradation involves a high diversity of novel amidase enzyme candidates by Ana B. Rios-Miguel, Garrett J. Smith, Geert Cremers, Theo van Alen, Mike S.M. Jetten, Huub J.M. Op den Camp, Cornelia U. Welte

“…This study increases our knowledge about the ongoing microbial evolution towards biodegradation of pharmaceuticals and points to a large diversity of (amidase) enzymes that are likely involved in paracetamol metabolism in WWTPs.…”
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Orientia tsutsugamushi: comprehensive analysis of the mobilome of a highly fragmented and repetitive genome reveals the capacity for ongoing lateral gene transfer in an obligate in... by Suparat Giengkam, Chitrasak Kullapanich, Jantana Wongsantichon, Haley E. Adcox, Joseph J. Gillespie, Jeanne Salje

“…Our work raises questions about intracellular microbial evolution and sounds an alarm for gene-based efforts focused on diagnosing and combatting scrub typhus.…”
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Viral Abundance and Diversity of Production Fluids in Oil Reservoirs by Liangcan Zheng, Xiaolong Liang, Rongjiu Shi, Ping Li, Jinyi Zhao, Guoqiao Li, Shuang Wang, Siqin Han, Mark Radosevich, Ying Zhang

“…Viruses are widely distributed in various ecosystems and have important impacts on microbial evolution, community structure and function and nutrient cycling in the environment. …”
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In Vitro Microevolution and Co-Selection Assessment of Amoxicillin and Cefotaxime Impact on <i>Escherichia coli</i> Resistance Development by Ádám Kerek, Bence Török, Levente Laczkó, Zoltán Somogyi, Gábor Kardos, Krisztián Bányai, Eszter Kaszab, Krisztina Bali, Ákos Jerzsele

“…The investigation of the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of antibiotics was performed at 1×, 10×, 100×, and 1000× concentrations using the modified microbial evolution and growth arena (MEGA-plate) method. …”
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Catabolic pathway acquisition by rhizosphere bacteria readily enables growth with a root exudate component but does not affect root colonization by Stephan Christel, Alyssa A. Carrell, Leah H. Hochanadel, Manuel I. Villalobos Solis, Paul E. Abraham, Sara S. Jawdy, Julie E. Chaves, Nancy L. Engle, Timkhite-Kulu Berhane, Tao Yao, Jin-Gui Chen, Wellington Muchero, Timothy J. Tschaplinski, Melissa A. Cregger, Joshua K. Michener

“…We propose that this condition is common and that HGT of many pathways will be self-limiting because the selective benefits are small.IMPORTANCEHorizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a key process in microbial evolution, but the factors limiting HGT are poorly understood. …”
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Nitrogen deposition may increase litter accumulative CO2 release in a subtropical estuarine marsh by Weifang Hu, Weifang Hu, Weifang Hu, Congsheng Zeng, Congsheng Zeng, Chuan Tong, Chuan Tong, Guoliang Li, Xue Lan, Jiacong Zhou, Jiacong Zhou, Meiying Zhang, Meiying Zhang, Yuehmin Chen, Yuehmin Chen, Linhai Zhang, Linhai Zhang, Linhai Zhang

“…Microbial evolution-mediated CO2 from litter has aroused widespread concern, and knowing the factors controlling litter-derived CO2 is important when considering the effects of accumulative CO2 release from litter on the global greenhouse. …”
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Revealing within-species diversity in uncultured human gut bacteria with single-cell long-read sequencing by Masato Kogawa, Yohei Nishikawa, Yohei Nishikawa, Tatsuya Saeki, Takuya Yoda, Koji Arikawa, Haruko Takeyama, Haruko Takeyama, Haruko Takeyama, Haruko Takeyama, Masahito Hosokawa, Masahito Hosokawa, Masahito Hosokawa, Masahito Hosokawa, Masahito Hosokawa

“…These analyses provide insight into microbial evolution, the adaptation of the community to environmental changes, and interactions with hosts. cSAGs constructed using this method can expand bacterial genome databases and our understanding of within-species diversities in uncultured bacteria.…”
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SARS-CoV-2 mutant spectra as variant of concern nurseries: endless variation? by Brenda Martínez-González, Brenda Martínez-González, María Eugenia Soria, María Eugenia Soria, Pablo Mínguez, Pablo Mínguez, Pablo Mínguez, Ramón Lorenzo-Redondo, Llanos Salar-Vidal, Llanos Salar-Vidal, Alberto López-García, Mario Esteban-Muñoz, Antoni Durán-Pastor, Pilar Somovilla, Pilar Somovilla, Carlos García-Crespo, Ana Isabel de Ávila, Jordi Gómez, Jaime Esteban, Jaime Esteban, Ricardo Fernández-Roblas, Ricardo Fernández-Roblas, Ignacio Gadea, Ignacio Gadea, Esteban Domingo, Celia Perales, Celia Perales

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Changes in Microbiome Dominance Are Associated With Declining Lung Function and Fluctuating Inflammation in People With Cystic Fibrosis by Dario L. Frey, Dario L. Frey, Calum Bridson, Calum Bridson, Susanne Dittrich, Susanne Dittrich, Susanne Dittrich, Simon Y. Graeber, Simon Y. Graeber, Simon Y. Graeber, Simon Y. Graeber, Simon Y. Graeber, Simon Y. Graeber, Mirjam Stahl, Mirjam Stahl, Mirjam Stahl, Mirjam Stahl, Mirjam Stahl, Mirjam Stahl, Sabine Wege, Felix Herth, Felix Herth, Olaf Sommerburg, Olaf Sommerburg, Carsten Schultz, Carsten Schultz, Alexander Dalpke, Alexander Dalpke, Alexander Dalpke, Marcus A. Mall, Marcus A. Mall, Marcus A. Mall, Sébastien Boutin, Sébastien Boutin

“…This result indicates that a single time point or 1-year study might fail to reveal the correlation between microbial evolution and clinical degradation in cystic fibrosis.…”
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Models for Gut-Mediated Horizontal Gene Transfer by Bacterial Plasmid Conjugation by Logan C. Ott, Logan C. Ott, Melha Mellata, Melha Mellata

“…Bacterial plasmid conjugation is a significant contributor to rapid microbial evolutions that results in the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AR). …”
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