Impact of dry intrusion events on the composition and mixing state of particles during the winter Aerosol and Cloud Experiment in the Eastern North Atlantic (ACE-ENA) by J. M. Tomlin, K. A. Jankowski, D. P. Veghte, D. P. Veghte, S. China, P. Wang, M. Fraund, J. Weis, G. Zheng, G. Zheng, Y. Wang, Y. Wang, F. Rivera-Adorno, S. Raveh-Rubin, D. A. Knopf, J. Wang, J. Wang, M. K. Gilles, R. C. Moffet, A. Laskin, A. Laskin

“…The work presented here provides field observation data that can inform atmospheric models that simulate sources and particle composition in the eastern North Atlantic.…”
Get full text

An Assessment of Using Remote Sensing-based Models to Estimate Ground Surface Soil Heat Flux on the Tibetan Plateau during the Freeze-thaw Process by Cheng Yang, Tonghua Wu, Jimin Yao, Ren Li, Changwei Xie, Guojie Hu, Xiaofan Zhu, Yinghui Zhang, Jie Ni, Junming Hao, Xiangfei Li, Wensi Ma, Amin Wen

“…The results are expected to provide a basis for selecting remote sensing-based models to simulate <i>G</i>₀ in frozen ground dynamics and to calculate evapotranspiration on the TP during the freeze-thaw process. …”
Get full text

Can we use atmospheric CO₂ measurements to verify emission trends reported by cities? Lessons from a 6-year atmospheric inversion over Paris by J. Lian, J. Lian, T. Lauvaux, H. Utard, F.-M. Bréon, G. Broquet, M. Ramonet, O. Laurent, I. Albarus, I. Albarus, M. Chariot, S. Kotthaus, M. Haeffelin, O. Sanchez, O. Perrussel, H. A. Denier van der Gon, S. N. C. Dellaert, P. Ciais, P. Ciais

“…In addition to the mid-afternoon observations, we attempt to assimilate morning <span class="inline-formula">CO₂</span> concentrations based on the ability of the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) transport model to simulate atmospheric boundary layer dynamics constrained by observed layer heights. …”
Get full text

Overview of the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM2) and key climate response of CMIP6 DECK, historical, and scenario simulations by Ø. Seland, M. Bentsen, D. Olivié, T. Toniazzo, T. Toniazzo, A. Gjermundsen, L. S. Graff, J. B. Debernard, A. K. Gupta, Y.-C. He, A. Kirkevåg, J. Schwinger, J. Tjiputra, K. S. Aas, I. Bethke, Y. Fan, J. Griesfeller, A. Grini, C. Guo, M. Ilicak, M. Ilicak, I. H. H. Karset, O. Landgren, J. Liakka, K. O. Moseid, A. Nummelin, C. Spensberger, H. Tang, Z. Zhang, C. Heinze, T. Iversen, T. Iversen, M. Schulz, M. Schulz

“…The stability of the pre-industrial climate and the sensitivity of the model to abrupt and gradual quadrupling of CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span> are assessed, along with the ability of the model to simulate the historical climate under the CMIP6 forcings. …”
Get full text

A new aggressive xenograft model of human colon cancer using cancer-associated fibroblasts by Ester Fernando-Macías, Maria Teresa Fernández-García, Eva García-Pérez, Belén Porrero Guerrero, Camilo López-Arévalo, Raquel Rodríguez-Uría, Sandra Sanz-Navarro, José Fernando Vázquez-Villa, María Carmen Muñíz-Salgueiro, Laura Suárez-Fernández, José A. Galván, Clara Barneo-Caragol, Marcos García-Ocaña, Juan R. de los Toyos, Luis Barneo-Serra

“…On the other hand, in the search for new animal models that simulate metastatic cancer, it has been suggested that fibroblasts immersed in the peritumoral stroma (cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)), play a relevant role in the development of cancer. …”
Get full text

WRF-GC (v1.0): online coupling of WRF (v3.9.1.1) and GEOS-Chem (v12.2.1) for regional atmospheric chemistry modeling – Part 1: Description of the one-way model by H. Lin, H. Lin, X. Feng, T.-M. Fu, T.-M. Fu, H. Tian, Y. Ma, L. Zhang, D. J. Jacob, R. M. Yantosca, M. P. Sulprizio, E. W. Lundgren, J. Zhuang, Q. Zhang, X. Lu, X. Lu, L. Zhang, L. Shen, J. Guo, S. D. Eastham, C. A. Keller

“…We used the WRF-GC model to simulate surface PM<span class="inline-formula">_2.5</span> concentrations over China during 22 to 27 January 2015 and compared the results to surface observations and the outcomes from a GEOS-Chem Classic nested-China simulation. …”
Get full text

A Regional multi-Air Pollutant Assimilation System (RAPAS v1.0) for emission estimates: system development and application by S. Feng, F. Jiang, F. Jiang, Z. Wu, H. Wang, H. Wang, W. He, Y. Shen, L. Zhang, Y. Zheng, C. Lou, Z. Jiang, W. Ju, W. Ju

“…In each data assimilation window, we use a “two-step” scheme, in which the emissions are inferred first and then input into the CMAQ model to simulate initial conditions (ICs) of the next window. …”
Get full text

Description and evaluation of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system version 5.1 by K. W. Appel, S. L. Napelenok, K. M. Foley, H. O. T. Pye, C. Hogrefe, D. J. Luecken, J. O. Bash, S. J. Roselle, J. E. Pleim, H. Foroutan, W. T. Hutzell, G. A. Pouliot, G. Sarwar, K. M. Fahey, B. Gantt, R. C. Gilliam, N. K. Heath, D. Kang, R. Mathur, D. B. Schwede, T. L. Spero, D. C. Wong, J. O. Young

“…These updates include the following: improvements in the meteorological calculations in both CMAQ and the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model used to provide meteorological fields to CMAQ, updates to the gas and aerosol chemistry, revisions to the calculations of clouds and photolysis, and improvements to the dry and wet deposition in the model. Sensitivity simulations isolating several of the major updates to the modeling system show that changes to the meteorological calculations result in enhanced afternoon and early evening mixing in the model, periods when the model historically underestimates mixing. …”
Get full text

Detection and attribution of aerosol–cloud interactions in large-domain large-eddy simulations with the ICOsahedral Non-hydrostatic model by M. Costa-Surós, O. Sourdeval, O. Sourdeval, C. Acquistapace, H. Baars, C. Carbajal Henken, C. Genz, C. Genz, J. Hesemann, C. Jimenez, M. König, J. Kretzschmar, N. Madenach, C. I. Meyer, R. Schrödner, P. Seifert, F. Senf, M. Brueck, G. Cioni, J. F. Engels, K. Fieg, K. Gorges, R. Heinze, P. K. Siligam, U. Burkhardt, S. Crewell, C. Hoose, A. Seifert, I. Tegen, J. Quaas

“…Here we use a new-generation large-domain large-eddy model, ICON-LEM (ICOsahedral Non-hydrostatic Large Eddy Model), to simulate the response of clouds to realistic anthropogenic perturbations in aerosols serving as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). …”
Get full text

A new stepwise carbon cycle data assimilation system using multiple data streams to constrain the simulated land surface carbon cycle by P. Peylin, C. Bacour, N. MacBean, S. Leonard, P. Rayner, S. Kuppel, E. Koffi, A. Kane, F. Maignan, F. Chevallier, P. Ciais, P. Prunet

“…Large uncertainties in land surface models (LSMs) simulations still arise from inaccurate forcing, poor description of land surface heterogeneity (soil and vegetation properties), incorrect model parameter values and incomplete representation of biogeochemical processes. …”
Get full text

Divergent historical GPP trends among state-of-the-art multi-model simulations and satellite-based products by R. Yang, R. Yang, J. Wang, J. Wang, N. Zeng, N. Zeng, S. Sitch, W. Tang, W. Tang, M. J. McGrath, Q. Cai, D. Liu, D. Lombardozzi, H. Tian, A. K. Jain, P. Han, P. Han

“…Using long-term satellite-based near-infrared radiance of vegetation (NIRv), a proxy for GPP, and multiple GPP datasets derived from satellite-based products, dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM) simulations, and an upscaled product from eddy covariance (EC) measurements, here we comprehensively investigated their trends and analyzed the causes for any discrepancies during 1982–2015. …”
Get full text

Scaling up antivenom for snakebite envenoming in the Brazilian Amazon: a cost-effectiveness analysisResearch in context by Armand Zimmerman, Wuelton Monteiro, Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci, Emily R. Smith, Thiago Rocha, Jacqueline Sachett, Fan Hui Wen, Catherine Staton, Charles J. Gerardo, Osondu Ogbuoji

“…Methods: We built a decision tree model to simulate three different antivenom scale-up scenarios: (1) scale up to 95% of hospitals, (2) scale up to 95% of CHCs, and (3) scale up to 95% of hospitals and 95% of CHCs. …”
Get full text

Future Climate Change Under SSP Emission Scenarios With GISS‐E2.1 by Larissa S. Nazarenko, Nick Tausnev, Gary L. Russell, David Rind, Ron L. Miller, Gavin A. Schmidt, Susanne E. Bauer, Maxwell Kelley, Reto Ruedy, Andrew S. Ackerman, Igor Aleinov, Michael Bauer, Rainer Bleck, Vittorio Canuto, Grégory Cesana, Ye Cheng, Thomas L. Clune, Ben I. Cook, Carlos A. Cruz, Anthony D. Del Genio, Gregory S. Elsaesser, Greg Faluvegi, Nancy Y. Kiang, Daehyun Kim, Andrew A. Lacis, Anthony Leboissetier, Allegra N. LeGrande, Ken K. Lo, John Marshall, Elaine E. Matthews, Sonali McDermid, Keren Mezuman, Lee T. Murray, Valdar Oinas, Clara Orbe, Carlos Pérez García‐Pando, Jan P. Perlwitz, Michael J. Puma, Anastasia Romanou, Drew T. Shindell, Shan Sun, Kostas Tsigaridis, George Tselioudis, Ensheng Weng, Jingbo Wu, Mao‐Sung Yao

“…Two high‐mitigation scenarios SSP1‐1.9 and SSP1‐2.6 limit the surface warming to below 2°C by the end of the 21st century, except for the NINT E2.1‐H model that simulates 2.2°C of surface warming. For the high emission scenario SSP5‐8.5, the range is 4.6–5.2°C at 2100. …”
Get full text

Effect of Planting Date on Yield and Water Productivity of Sunflower Using AquaCrop Model by B. Sadeghi, B. Farhadi Bansouleh, A. Bafkar, M. Ghobadi

“…Finally, the model outputs under different planting dates were analyzed to determine the most appropriate planting time from the perspective of maximum production and maximum water use efficiency.Results and Discussion Statistical indicators show that the model has simulated the parameters of biomass, crop canopy, and soil moisture in the calibration stage with good accuracy. …”
Get full text

Assessing transient changes in the ocean carbon cycle during the last deglaciation through carbon isotope modeling by H. Kobayashi, H. Kobayashi, A. Oka, T. Obase, A. Abe-Ouchi

“…It suggests that the model either simulates excessive weakening of the AMOC during the YD period or has limited representation of geochemical processes, including marine ecosystem response and terrestrial carbon storage. …”
Get full text

Experimental Study and Mathematical Modeling of Hydrogen Sulfide Removal from Biogas by M. Zarei, M. R. Bayati, M. A. Ebrahimi-Nik, B. Hejazi, A. Rohani

“…Using mathematical models, the simulation was carried out by modifying the model's parameters until the predicted results closely matched the experimental data. …”
Get full text

Co-emission of volcanic sulfur and halogens amplifies volcanic effective radiative forcing by J. Staunton-Sykes, T. J. Aubry, T. J. Aubry, Y. M. Shin, J. Weber, L. R. Marshall, N. Luke Abraham, N. Luke Abraham, A. Archibald, A. Archibald, A. Schmidt, A. Schmidt

“…In this study, we utilise an aerosol–chemistry–climate model to simulate stratospheric volcanic eruption emission scenarios of two sizes, both with and without co-emission of volcanic halogens, in order to understand how co-emitted halogens may alter the life cycle of volcanic sulfur, stratospheric chemistry, and the resulting radiative forcing. …”
Get full text

Development of a three-dimensional variational assimilation system for lidar profile data based on a size-resolved aerosol model in WRF–Chem model v3.9.1 and its application in PM<... by Y. Liang, Y. Liang, Z. Zang, D. Liu, P. Yan, Y. Hu, Y. Zhou, W. You

“…<p>The authors developed a three-dimensional variational (3-DVAR) aerosol extinction coefficient (AEC) and aerosol mass concentration (AMC) data assimilation (DA) system for aerosol variables in the Weather Research and Forecasting–Chemistry (WRF–Chem) model with the WRF–Chem using the Model for Simulating Aerosol Interactions and Chemistry (MOSAIC) scheme. …”
Get full text

Air quality and acid deposition impacts of local emissions and transboundary air pollution in Japan and South Korea by S. H. L. Yim, S. H. L. Yim, Y. Gu, M. A. Shapiro, B. Stephens

“…We applied state-of-the-science atmospheric models to simulate air quality in East Asia and then analyzed the air quality and acid deposition impacts of both local emissions and TAP sources in Japan and South Korea. …”
Get full text

Quantifying stratospheric ozone trends over 1984–2020: a comparison of ordinary and regularized multivariate regression models by Y. Li, Y. Li, S. S. Dhomse, S. S. Dhomse, M. P. Chipperfield, M. P. Chipperfield, W. Feng, W. Feng, J. Bian, J. Bian, J. Bian, Y. Xia, D. Guo

“…Besides SWOOSH, we also analyse a machine-learning-based satellite-corrected gap-free global stratospheric ozone profile dataset from a chemical transport model (ML-TOMCAT) and output from a chemical transport model (TOMCAT) simulation forced with European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA5 reanalysis.…”
Get full text