Overexpression of RKIP and its cross-talk with several regulatory gene products in multiple myeloma by Anna Shvartsur, Kevin B. Givechian, Hermes Garban, Benjamin Bonavida

“…Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma-cell neoplastic disorder arising from an indolent premalignant disease known as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). MM is a biologically complex heterogeneous disease reflected by its variable clinical responses of patients receiving the same treatment. …”
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The FMS like Tyrosine Kinase 3 (FLT3) Is Overexpressed in a Subgroup of Multiple Myeloma Patients with Inferior Prognosis by Normann Steiner, Karin Jöhrer, Selina Plewan, Andrea Brunner-Véber, Georg Göbel, David Nachbaur, Dominik Wolf, Eberhard Gunsilius, Gerold Untergasser

“…FLT3 expression was analyzed in bone marrow biopsies of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance or smoldering myeloma (MGUS, SMM), newly diagnosed MM (NDMM), and relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). …”
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C3 glomerulonephritis associated with monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance: case report by Juana Alonso-Titos, Lara Perea-Ortega, Eugenia Sola, Alvaro Torres-Rueda, Myriam León, Remedios Toledo, Ana D. Duarte, Teresa Vazquez, Maria Dolores Martinez-Esteban, Alicia Bailen, Pedro Ruiz-Esteban, Domingo Hernandez

“…Bone marrow biopsy showed monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Kidney biopsy showed the presence of C3 glomerulonephritis, with exclusive deposits of C3 visible on immunofluorescence and a membranoproliferative pattern on light microscopy. …”
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Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and booster dose in patients with multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathies: impact of Omicron variant on the humoral response by Paola Storti, Valentina Marchica, Rosanna Vescovini, Valentina Franceschi, Luca Russo, Laura Notarfranchi, Vincenzo Raimondi, Denise Toscani, Jessica Burroughs Garcia, Federica Costa, Benedetta Dalla Palma, Nicolas Thomas Iannozzi, Gabriella Sammarelli, Gaetano Donofrio, Nicola Giuliani

“…Moreover, lower spike-specific IL-2-producing CD4+ T cells and reduced cytotoxic spike-specific IFN-γ and TNF-α-producing CD8+ T cells were found in MM patients as compared to patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. We found that a heterologous booster immunization improved SARS-CoV-2 spike humoral and cellular responses in newly diagnosed MM (MMD) patients and in most, but not all, MMR patients. …”
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O valor da imunofenotipagem para o diagnóstico do Mieloma Múltiplo e na avaliação da doença residual mínima The value of immunofenotyping for the diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma and... by Roberto P. Falcão, Leandro Felipe F. Dalmazzo

“…In the monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance there is a mixture of normal and neoplastic plasma cells. …”
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The Involvement of LAG-3^positive Plasma Cells in the Development of Multiple Myeloma by Natalia Kreiniz, Nasren Eiza, Tamar Tadmor, Ilana Levy Yurkovski, Sarah Matarasso Greenfeld, Adi Sabag, Raeda Mubariki, Celia Suriu, Ekaterina Votinov, Elias Toubi, Zahava Vadasz

“…LAG-3 expression on PCs in active MM (newly diagnosed and relapse refractory MM) was significantly increased compared to monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)/ SMM. Grz expression was significantly decreased in CD8⁺T cells incubated with CD138⁺LAG-3^pos PCs, compared to CD138⁺LAG-3^neg PCs in patients with plasma cell dyscrasia, <i>n</i> = 31, <i>p</i> = 0.0041. …”
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Enhancing prognostic power in multiple myeloma using a plasma cell signature derived from single-cell RNA sequencing by Jian-rong Li, Shahram Arsang-Jang, Yan Cheng, Fumou Sun, Anita D’Souza, Binod Dhakal, Parameswaran Hari, Quillan Huang, Paul Auer, Yong Li, Raul Urrutia, Fenghuang Zhan, John D. Shaughnessy, Siegfried Janz, Jing Dong, Chao Cheng

“…We evaluated and validated the associations of the resulting plasma cell malignancy (PBM) score with disease state, progression and clinical outcomes using data from five independent myeloma studies consisting of 2115 samples (1978 MM, 65 monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, 35 smoldering MM, and 37 healthy controls). …”
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Myeloma precursor disease (MGUS) among rescue and recovery workers exposed to the World Trade Center disaster by Rachel Zeig-Owens, David G. Goldfarb, Benjamin J. Luft, Xiaohua Yang, Kazunori Murata, Lakshmi Ramanathan, Katie Thoren, Sital Doddi, Urvi A. Shah, Alexandra K. Mueller, Charles B. Hall, Orsi Giricz, Amit Verma, David J. Prezant, Ola Landgren

“…Abstract An elevated risk of myeloma precursor disease, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), was identified among Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) World Trade Center (WTC)-exposed firefighters. …”
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Monoclonal immunoglobulin mediates complement activation in monoclonal gammopathy associated-C3 glomerulonephritis by Lin-Lin Li, Zhi-Ying Li, Su-Xia Wang, Xiao-Juan Yu, Ying Tan, Yu Wang, Feng Yu, Ming-Hui Zhao

“…Abstract Background C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN) is a rare disease caused by inherited or acquired complement alternative pathway (CAP) dysregulation, which could also be secondary to monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Herein, we described a patient presenting with C3GN and monoclonal gammopathy, and the pathogenic association between the two diseases was further explored in vitro. …”
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Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance with Deposits of Infrequent Morphology: Two Case Reports of Light and Heavy Chain Deposition Disease with Atypical Presentation and Lite... by José C. De La Flor, Maribel Monroy-Condori, Jacqueline Apaza-Chavez, Iván Arenas-Moncaleano, Francisco Díaz, Xavier E. Guerra-Torres, Jorge L. Morales-Montoya, Ana Lerma-Verdejo, Edna Sandoval, Daniel Villa, Coca-Mihaela Vieru

“…Both patients exhibited IgA monoclonality and were diagnosed with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) by the hematology department at the time of renal biopsy. …”
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Membranous Nephropathy With Monoclonal IgM Lambda Deposits in a Patient With IgM Monoclonal Gammopathy: A Case Report by Go Hirose, Takahiro Uchida, Aki Kojima, Kentaro Sugisaki, Muneharu Yamada, Yoshihiro Nagase, Takashi Takaki, Kiyotaka Nagahama, Takashi Oda

“…A prominent increase in monoclonal IgM lambda level was identified, and she was diagnosed as having IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Renal biopsy showed glomerular subepithelial electron-dense deposits that were found to be granular deposits of IgM lambda but not kappa or IgG by immunofluorescence staining, resulting in a diagnosis of membranous nephropathy with monoclonal IgM deposits. …”
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<i>MYD88</i> Mutations: Transforming the Landscape of IgM Monoclonal Gammopathies by Miguel Alcoceba, María García-Álvarez, Alejandro Medina, Rebeca Maldonado, Verónica González-Calle, María Carmen Chillón, María Eugenia Sarasquete, Marcos González, Ramón García-Sanz, Cristina Jiménez

“…<i>MYD88^L265P</i> is present in more than 90% of patients with Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (WM) and IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (IgM-MGUS). The absence of <i>MYD88</i> mutations in WM patients has been associated with a higher risk of transformation into aggressive lymphoma, resistance to certain therapies (BTK inhibitors), and shorter overall survival. …”
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B-Cell-Specific Myd88 L252P Expression Causes a Premalignant Gammopathy Resembling IgM MGUS by Kristin Schmidt, Ulrike Sack, Robin Graf, Wiebke Winkler, Oliver Popp, Philipp Mertins, Thomas Sommermann, Christine Kocks, Christine Kocks, Klaus Rajewsky

“…Taken together, our data suggest that the Myd88L252P mutation is sufficient to promote aberrant survival and expansion of IgM-expressing plasma cells which in turn can cause IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), the premalignant condition that precedes WM.…”
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Natural killer cells affect the natural course, drug resistance, and prognosis of multiple myeloma by Li Zhang, Li Zhang, Xiaohuan Peng, Xiaohuan Peng, Tao Ma, Tao Ma, Tao Ma, Jia Liu, Jia Liu, Zhigang Yi, Zhigang Yi, Jun Bai, Yanhong Li, Lijuan Li, Lijuan Li, Liansheng Zhang, Liansheng Zhang

“…Multiple myeloma (MM), a stage-developed plasma cell malignancy, evolves from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) or smoldering MM (SMM). …”
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Gene Co-expression Network and Copy Number Variation Analyses Identify Transcription Factors Associated With Multiple Myeloma Progression by Christina Y. Yu, Christina Y. Yu, Shunian Xiang, Shunian Xiang, Zhi Huang, Zhi Huang, Travis S. Johnson, Travis S. Johnson, Xiaohui Zhan, Xiaohui Zhan, Zhi Han, Zhi Han, Mohammad Abu Zaid, Kun Huang, Kun Huang

“…Multiple myeloma (MM) has two clinical precursor stages of disease: monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM). …”
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Immunophenotypic assessment of clonal plasma cells and B-cells in bone marrow and blood in the diagnostic classification of early stage monoclonal gammopathies: an iSTOPMM study by Oihane Pérez-Escurza, Juan Flores-Montero, Jón Þórir Óskarsson, Luzalba Sanoja-Flores, Julio del Pozo, Quentin Lecrevisse, Silvia Martín, Elín Ruth Reed, Guðlaug Katrín Hákonardóttir, Stephen Harding, Sigrún Þorsteinsdóttir, Sæmundur Rögnvaldsson, Thorvardur Jon Love, Brian Durie, Sigurður Yngvi Kristinsson, Alberto Orfao

“…Abstract Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is the earliest discernible stage of multiple myeloma (MM) and Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (WM). …”
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Epigenetic inactivation of the <it>MIR129-2</it> in hematological malignancies by Wong Kwan-Yeung, Yim Rita Lok-Hay, Kwong Yok-Lam, Leung Chung-Ying, Hui Pak-Kwan, Cheung Florence, Liang Raymond, Jin Dong-Yan, Chim Chor-Sang

“…</p> <p>Patients and methods</p> <p>Epigenetic inactivation of <it>MIR129-2</it> was studied by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) in 13 cell lines (eight myeloma and five lymphoma), 15 normal controls and 344 primary samples including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), multiple myeloma (MM) at diagnosis, MM at relapse/progression, and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Expression of <it>MIR129</it> and its target, <it>SOX4</it>, in cell lines was measured before and after hypomethylating treatment and <it>MIR129</it> overexpression. …”
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Three cases of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance after kidney transplantation. De novo C3 glomerulopathy by Núria Serra, Carme Facundo, Cristina Canal, Yolanda Arce, Nadia Ayasreh, Anna Vila, Beatriz Bardají, Irene Silva, Víctor López, Silvia Benito, Jose Ballarín, Lluís Guirado

“…Patients with MGRS do not, by definition, meet criteria for multiple myeloma, with haematological disorders generally considered to be monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Nevertheless, the renal involvement can be serious and require specific treatment. …”
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Myeloma Microenvironmental TIMP1 Induces the Invasive Phenotype in Fibroblasts to Modulate Disease Progression by Rei Ishihara, Tsukasa Oda, Yuki Murakami, Ikuko Matsumura, Saki Watanabe, Yuta Asao, Yuta Masuda, Nanami Gotoh, Tetsuhiro Kasamatsu, Hisashi Takei, Nobuhiko Kobayashi, Nobuo Sasaki, Takayuki Saitoh, Hirokazu Murakami, Hiroshi Handa

“…<i>TIMP1</i> mRNA and protein levels were elevated when patients progressed from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance or smouldering myeloma to MM. …”
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Prevalence of Newly Diagnosed Malignancies in Patients with Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis, Comparison of 18F-FDG PET/CT Scan with Chest X-ray and Abdominal Ultras... by Amir Emamifar, Søren Hess, Torkell Ellingsen, Susan Due Kay, Jacob Christian Bang, Oke Gerke, Per Syrak Hansen, Ziba Ahangarani Farahani, Henrik Petersen, Niels Marcussen, Inger Marie Jensen Hansen, Peter Thye Rønn

“…Furthermore, four (5.2%; 95%CI: 1.4–12.8%) cases of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) were found. An increase in C reactive protein (CRP) implicated an increased risk for cancer of 2.4% (OR: 1.024, 95%CI: 1.001–1.047; <i>p</i> = 0.041). 18F-FDG PET/CT can reveal occult cancers at an early stage with a high negative predictive value, and it is specifically beneficial in PMR/GCA patients with nonspecific symptoms.…”
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