D-Serine: Potential Therapeutic Agent and/or Biomarker in Schizophrenia and Depression? by Mary-Anne B. MacKay, Mary-Anne B. MacKay, Maryana Kravtsenyuk, Maryana Kravtsenyuk, Rejish Thomas, Nicholas D. Mitchell, Nicholas D. Mitchell, Serdar M. Dursun, Serdar M. Dursun, Glen B. Baker, Glen B. Baker

Get full text

The C57BL/6J mouse exhibits sporadic congenital portosystemic shunts. by Cristina Cudalbu, Valérie A McLin, Hongxia Lei, Joao M N Duarte, Anne-Laure Rougemont, Graziano Oldani, Sylvain Terraz, Christian Toso, Rolf Gruetter

“…We conducted an independent study to determine if this neurochemical profile was associated with portosystemic shunting. …”
Get full text

Parallel driving and modulatory pathways link the prefrontal cortex and thalamus. by Basilis Zikopoulos, Helen Barbas

“…We provide novel evidence for neurochemical and synaptic specificity of two complementary circuits linking one such system, the prefrontal cortex with the ventral anterior thalamic nucleus in primates. …”
Get full text

Retinorecipient areas in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus): An image-forming and non-image forming circuitry by Nelyane Nayara M. Santana, Eryck H. A. Silva, Sâmarah F. dos Santos, Miriam S. M. O. Costa, Expedito S. Nascimento Junior, Rovena Clara J. G. Engelberth, Jeferson S. Cavalcante

Get full text

Suggestion of creatine as a new neurotransmitter by approaches ranging from chemical analysis and biochemistry to electrophysiology by Xiling Bian, Jiemin Zhu, Xiaobo Jia, Wenjun Liang, Sihan Yu, Zhiqiang Li, Wenxia Zhang, Yi Rao

Get full text

Functional Constructivism Approach to Multilevel Nature of Bio-Behavioral Diversity by Irina Trofimova

“…This review briefly describes main consensus points in neuroscience related to the functionality of eight neurochemical ensembles, summarized as a part of the neurochemical model Functional Ensemble of Temperament (FET). …”
Get full text

D-galactose-induced brain ageing model: A systematic review and meta-analysis on cognitive outcomes and oxidative stress indices. by Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad, Alireza Majdi, Sarah K McCann, Javad Mahmoudi, Manouchehr S Vafaee, Malcolm R Macleod

“…Amongst these, models where rodents are exposed to d-galactose are held to recapitulate a number of features of ageing including neurobehavioral and neurochemical changes. However, results from animal studies are often inconsistent. …”
Get full text

Heterogeneity of the mechanisms of action of antidepressants by V. L. Kozlovskii, M. Yu. Popov, D. N. Kosterin, O. V. Lepik

“…Thus, the efficacy of an antidepressant may depend on the baseline differences in the neurochemical state contributing to the pathological “depressive” homeostasis. …”
Get full text

The Neurochemistry of Autism by Rosa Marotta, Maria C. Risoleo, Giovanni Messina, Lucia Parisi, Marco Carotenuto, Luigi Vetri, Michele Roccella

“…Many neurochemical pathways are involved in determining ASD; however, how these complex networks interact and cause the onset of the core symptoms of autism remains unclear. …”
Get full text

Inflammatory Cytokine Profile and Plasticity of Brain and Spinal Microglia in Response to ATP and Glutamate by Sam Joshva Baskar Jesudasan, Sam Joshva Baskar Jesudasan, Somnath J. Gupta, Somnath J. Gupta, Matthew A. Churchward, Matthew A. Churchward, Kathryn G. Todd, Kathryn G. Todd, Ian R. Winship, Ian R. Winship

Get full text

Perspective—Advances in Voltammetric Methods for the Measurement of Biomolecules by Nadiah Alyamni, Jandro L. Abot, Alexander G. Zestos

“…Voltammetry has revolutionized neurochemical monitoring by providing real-time information on neurotransmitter dynamics for neurochemical studies. …”
Get full text

Consequences of changes in BDNF levels on serotonin neurotransmission, 5-HT transporter expression and function: studies in adult mice hippocampus. by Deltheil, T, Guiard, B, Guilloux, J, Nicolas, L, Deloménie, C, Repérant, C, Le Maitre, E, Leroux-Nicollet, I, Benmansour, S, Coudoré, F, David, D, Gardier, A

“…In vivo intracerebral microdialysis is an important neurochemical technique that has been applied extensively in genetic and pharmacological studies aimed at investigating the relationship between neurotransmitters. …”

The striosome and matrix compartments of the striatum: a path through the labyrinth from neurochemistry towards function by Brimblecombe, K, Cragg, S

“…Three decades of anatomical and biochemical studies have established that the neurochemical organization of striatum is not uniformly heterogeneous, but rather, can be differentiated into neurochemically discrete compartments known as striosomes (also known as patches) and matrix. …”

Social laughter triggers endogenous opioid release in humans by Manninen, S, Tuominen, L, Dunbar, R, Karjalainen, T, Hirvonen, J, Arponen, E, Hari, R, Jääskeläinen, I, Sams, M, Nummenmaa, L

“…It has been proposed that endogenous opioid release following social laughter would provide a neurochemical pathway supporting long-term relationships in humans (Dunbar, 2012) yet this hypothesis currently lacks direct neurophysiological support. …”

Unique Features of the Human Brainstem and Cerebellum by Joan S Baizer

“…We have examined the cytoarchitectonic and neurochemical organization of the human medulla and pons. …”
Get full text

Role of movement in long-term basal ganglia changes: implications for abnormal motor responses by Nicola eSimola, Micaela eMorelli, Micaela eMorelli, Micaela eMorelli, Giuseppe eFrazzitta, Giuseppe eFrazzitta, Lucia eFrau

“…Preclinical studies in dopamine-denervated animals have contributed to the modeling of these abnormal movements, but the precise neurochemical and functional mechanisms underlying these untoward effects are still elusive. …”
Get full text

Divergent motor projections from the pedunculopontine nucleus are differentially regulated in Parkinsonism. by Martinez-Gonzalez, C, van Andel, J, Bolam, J, Mena-Segovia, J

“…The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is composed of neurons with different connectivity patterns that express different neurochemical markers, display distinct firing characteristics and are topographically organized in functional domains across its rostro-caudal axis. …”

The neuropharmacology of upper airway motor control in the awake and asleep states: implications for obstructive sleep apnoea by Horner Richard L

“…There has been increasing focus on delineating the brain mechanisms that modulate pharyngeal muscle activity in the awake and asleep states in order to understand the pathogenesis of obstructive apnoeas and to develop novel neurochemical treatments. Although initial clinical studies have met with only limited success, it is proposed that more rational and realistic approaches may be devised for neurochemical modulation of pharyngeal muscle tone as the relevant neurotransmitters and receptors that are involved in sleep-dependent modulation are identified following basic experiments.…”
Get full text

Elevated pontine and putamenal GABA levels in mild-moderate Parkinson disease detected by 7 tesla proton MRS. by Uzay E Emir, Paul J Tuite, Gülin Öz

“…Consistently, pontomedullary damage was implicated by structural and PET imaging in early PD. Neurochemical correlates of this early pathological involvement in PD are unknown.To map biochemical alterations in the brains of individuals with mild-moderate PD we quantified neurochemical profiles of the pons, putamen and substantia nigra by 7 tesla (T) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. …”
Get full text

Elevated pontine and putamenal GABA levels in mild-moderate Parkinson disease detected by 7 tesla proton MRS by Emir, U, Tuite, P, Öz, G

“…Consistently, pontomedullary damage was implicated by structural and PET imaging in early PD. Neurochemical correlates of this early pathological involvement in PD are unknown. …”