Sex Differences in Substance Use, Prevalence, Pharmacological Therapy, and Mental Health in Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by Francisca Castellano-García, Ana Benito, Antonio Jovani, Alejandro Fuertes-Sáiz, María Isabel Marí-Sanmillán, Gonzalo Haro

“…Sex differences are poorly studied within the field of mental health, even though there is evidence of disparities (with respect to brain anatomy, activation patterns, and neurochemistry, etc.) that can significantly influence the etiology and course of mental disorders. …”
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A Preliminary Study of Cu Exposure Effects upon Alzheimer’s Amyloid Pathology by Alexander Pilozzi, Zhanyang Yu, Isabel Carreras, Kerry Cormier, Dean Hartley, Jack Rogers, Alpaslan Dedeoglu, Xudong Huang

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Impact of Elevated Brain IL-6 in Transgenic Mice on the Behavioral and Neurochemical Consequences of Chronic Alcohol Exposure by Donna L. Gruol, Delilah Calderon, Salvador Huitron-Resendiz, Chelsea Cates-Gatto, Amanda J. Roberts

“…The expressions of signal transduction and synaptic proteins were also assessed by Western blot to identify the impact of alcohol–neuroimmune interactions on brain neurochemistry. The results from these studies show that neuroimmune status with respect to IL-6 significantly impacts the effects of alcohol on multiple levels.…”
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The so-called ligamentum arteriosum is innervated. by Quaye Benedicta

“…This provides the first reliable study of innervation of the LA and makes room for further investigation into the neurochemistry of this innervation. This is crucial as the presence of nerve terminals may play a role in vessel compliance or impedance of the two great vessels related to this structure. …”
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An Update on Apathy in Alzheimer’s Disease by Helena Dolphin, Adam H. Dyer, Cathy McHale, Sean O’Dowd, Sean P. Kennelly

“…Importantly, the presence and severity of apathy strongly correlates with AD stage and neuropathological biomarkers of amyloid and tau pathology. Following from neurochemistry studies demonstrating a central role of biogenic amine neurotransmission in apathy syndrome in AD, recent clinical trial data suggest that apathy symptoms may improve following treatment with agents such as methylphenidate—which may have an important role alongside emerging non-pharmacological treatment strategies. …”
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Inhibition of mitochondrial complex II in neuronal cells triggers unique pathways culminating in autophagy with implications for neurodegeneration by Sathyanarayanan Ranganayaki, Neema Jamshidi, Mohamad Aiyaz, Santhosh-Kumar Rashmi, Narayanappa Gayathri, Pulleri Kandi Harsha, Balasundaram Padmanabhan, Muchukunte Mukunda Srinivas Bharath

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A Fly’s Eye View of Natural and Drug Reward by Eve G. Lowenstein, Norma A. Velazquez-Ulloa

“…The reward system encodes the predictive value for different stimuli, mediating anticipation for attractive or punishing stimuli and driving animal behavior to approach or avoid conditioned stimuli. The neurochemistry and neurocircuitry of the reward system is partly evolutionarily conserved. …”
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Bioinformatics tools and data resources for assay development of fluid protein biomarkers by Katharina Waury, Eline A. J. Willemse, Eugeen Vanmechelen, Henrik Zetterberg, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Sanne Abeln

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Effect of osmolytes on the conformation and aggregation of some amyloid peptides: CD spectroscopic data by Mohammed Inayathullah, Jayakumar Rajadas

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Integrating Neural Circuits Controlling Female Sexual Behavior by Paul E. Micevych, Paul E. Micevych, Robert L. Meisel

“…While it has not been formally demonstrated in the human, such circuitry is generally highly conserved and thus, understanding the anatomy, neurochemistry and physiology can provide useful insight into the motivation for sexual behavior and other innate behaviors in humans.…”
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Neuroscience education and research in Cameroon: Current status and future direction by Ngala Elvis Mbiydzenyuy, Constant Anatole Pieme, Richard E. Brown, Carine Nguemeni

“…Although non-governmental organizations such as the International Brain Research Organization (IBRO), International Society of Neurochemistry (ISN), and Teaching and Research in Natural Sciences for Development (TReND) in Africa have stepped in to provide short training courses and workshops in neuroscience, these are neither sufficient to train African neuroscientists nor to build the capacity to train neuroscience researchers and clinicians. …”
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Hypoxic Roadmap of Glioblastoma—Learning about Directions and Distances in the Brain Tumor Environment by Agnieszka Bronisz, Elżbieta Salińska, E. Antonio Chiocca, Jakub Godlewski

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Significance of abnormal expression of fatty acid metabolic enzymes in the diagnosis of autism by CHEN Jian-ling, FU Ying-mei, YU Shun-ying, CHEN Jing, DU Ya-song

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The Effects of Side-Chain Configurations of a Retro–Inverso-Type Inhibitor on the Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus (HTLV)-1 Protease by Chiyuki Awahara, Daiki Oku, Saki Furuta, Kazuya Kobayashi, Kenta Teruya, Kenichi Akaji, Yasunao Hattori

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Recent findings within the microbiota–gut–brain–endocrine metabolic interactome by Obrenovich M, Sankar Chittoor Mana T, Rai H, Shola D, Sass C, McCloskey B, Levison BS

“…Recent findings: In this review, we explore how the gut microbiota affect the development and regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and neurochemistry from mental health and behavioral health to memory, depression, mood, anxiety, obesity, and the development of the blood–brain barrier. …”
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The cyclin G-associated kinase (GAK) inhibitor SGC-GAK-1 inhibits neurite outgrowth and synapse formation by Jun Egawa, Reza K. Arta, Vance P. Lemmon, Melissa Muños-Barrero, Yan Shi, Michihiro Igarashi, Toshiyuki Someya

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Binge Drinking and the Young Brain: A Mini Review of the Neurobiological Underpinnings of Alcohol-Induced Blackout by Daniel F. Hermens, Daniel F. Hermens, Jim Lagopoulos

“…As a means to assess in vivo neurochemistry, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has emerged as a particularly promising technique since changes in neurometabolites often precede gross structural changes. …”
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Optogenetic stimulation of neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex induces changes in intravesical bladder pressure and the micturition reflex by Takanori Mochizuki, Satoshi Manita, Hiroshi Shimura, Satoru Kira, Norifumi Sawada, Haruhiko Bito, Kenji Sakimura, George J. Augustine, Takahiko Mitsui, Masayuki Takeda, Kazuo Kitamura

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Cerebrospinal fluid biomarker panel for synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease by Johanna Nilsson, Johan Gobom, Simon Sjödin, Gunnar Brinkmalm, Nicholas J. Ashton, Johan Svensson, Per Johansson, Erik Portelius, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Ann Brinkmalm

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The neurometabolic profiles of GABA and Glutamate as revealed by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. by Otília C d'Almeida, Ines R Violante, Bruno Quendera, Carolina Moreno, Leonor Gomes, Miguel Castelo-Branco

“…Glutamatergic neurotransmission dominates excitatory synaptic functions and is involved in plasticity and excitotoxicity. GABAergic neurochemistry underlies inhibition and predicts impaired psychophysical function in diabetes. …”
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