Fangchinoline alleviates cognitive impairments through enhancing autophagy and mitigating oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s disease models by Lilin Yi, Man Luo, Maoju Wang, Zhifang Dong, Zhifang Dong, Yehong Du

“…More importantly, Fan significantly ameliorated cognitive impairment in an Aβ1–42-induced mouse model of AD via the induction of autophagy and the inhibition of oxidative stress, as evidenced by an increase in antioxidants including glutathione reductase (GR), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) and a decrease in pro-oxidants including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS), coupled with a reduction in apoptosis marker, cleaved caspase-3. …”
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Discovery of Novel Pterostilbene Derivatives That Might Treat Sepsis by Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation through Modulation of MAPKs/NF-κB Signaling Pathways by Mengyuan Fang, Tingfeng Zou, Xiaoxiao Yang, Zhen Zhang, Peichang Cao, Jihong Han, Yajun Duan, Ban-Feng Ruan, Qing-Shan Li

“…It decreased the mRNA levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2). …”
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Diosmin and Trolox Have Anti-Arthritic, Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Potencies in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-Induced Arthritic Male Wistar Rats: Roles of NF-κB, iNOS, Nrf2 and... by Huda H. Shaaban, Walaa G. Hozayen, Amal K. Khaliefa, Ayman E. El-Kenawy, Tarek M. Ali, Osama M. Ahmed

“…The right hind ankle regions of three rats from each group were dissected out and fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin for histological examination and the other three were kept at −30 °C for Western blot analysis of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) protein 50 (NF-κB p50), NF-κB p65, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 (MMP-1), MMP-3, and MMP-9. …”
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Xyloketal B Attenuates Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation and Endothelial Dysfunction in Apolipoprotein E Deficient Mice by Li-Yan Zhao, Jie Li, Feng Yuan, Mei Li, Quan Zhang, Ji-Yan Pang, Bin Zhang, Fang-Yun Sun, Hong-Shuo Sun, Qian Li, Lu Cao, Yu Xie, Yong-Cheng Lin, Jie Liu, Hong-Mei Tan, Guan-Lei Wang, Yun-Ying Huang

“…Moreover, xyloketal B significantly changed the phosphorylation levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and Akt without altering the expression of total eNOS and Akt in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). …”
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Aspergillus niger confers health benefits and modulates the gut microbiota of juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) under farming conditions by Ming Zhang, Ming Zhang, Huifen Liang, Huifen Liang, Yifan Lei, Yifan Lei, Yiwen Zhang, Yiwen Zhang, Zhigang Tan, Wenzhen Chen, Shengkang Li, Shengkang Li, Xianfeng Peng, Ngoc Tuan Tran, Ngoc Tuan Tran

“…Gene expressions of SOD, anti-lipopolysaccharide factor-ALF1, and ALF2 (in A1.5 and A3.0) and nitric oxide synthase, penaeidin-PEN2 (in A1.5) and PEN3 and PEN4 (in A3.0) were significantly up-regulated compared to the control (P<0.05). …”
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The immunomodulatory effects of probiotics and azithromycin in dextran sodium sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis in rats via TLR4-NF-κB and p38-MAPK pathway by Shereen E. Elkholy, Shymaa Ahmad Maher, Noura R. Abd el-hamid, Heba A. Elsayed, Wael Abdou Hassan, Asmaa K.K. Abdelmaogood, Samar M. Hussein, Mariusz Jaremko, Samar Zuhair Alshawwa, Hanan M. Alharbi, Samar Imbaby

“…In the present rats-established UC, the therapeutic roles of oral probiotics (60 billion probiotic bacteria per kg per day) and azithromycin (40 mg per kg per day) regimens were evaluated by measuring changes in disease activity index, macroscopic damage index, oxidative stress markers, TLR4, p-38 MAPK, NF-κB signaling pathway in addition to their molecular downstream; tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin (IL)1β, IL6, IL10 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). After individual and combination therapy with probiotics and azithromycin regimens, the histological architecture of the UC improved with restoration of intestinal tissue normal architecture. …”
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Ginseng Sprouts Attenuate Mortality and Systemic Inflammation by Modulating TLR4/NF-κB Signaling in an LPS-Induced Mouse Model of Sepsis by Seung-Ju Hwang, Jing-Hua Wang, Jin-Seok Lee, Ji-Yun Kang, Dong-Cheol Baek, Geon-Ho Kim, Yo-Chan Ahn, Chang-Gue Son

“…Additionally, GSE markedly diminished the drastic secretion of nitric oxide (NO) by suppressing the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) in both tissues. …”
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Mechanism of Action of Natural Compounds in Peripheral Multiorgan Dysfunction and Hippocampal Neuroinflammation Induced by Sepsis by Ramona D’Amico, Mario Tomasello, Daniela Impellizzeri, Marika Cordaro, Rosalba Siracusa, Livia Interdonato, Ali Saber Abdelhameed, Roberta Fusco, Vittorio Calabrese, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Rosanna Di Paola

“…It also reduced toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome components expression. …”
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Hydrolyzed Collagen Induces an Anti-Inflammatory Response That Induces Proliferation of Skin Fibroblast and Keratinocytes by Maysa Alves Rodrigues Brandao-Rangel, Carlos Rocha Oliveira, Fabiana Regina da Silva Olímpio, Flavio Aimbire, José Roberto Mateus-Silva, Felipe Augusto Chaluppe, Rodolfo P. Vieira

“…The readout parameters were cell proliferation; expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS); expression of pro-collagen-1α by fibroblasts; and secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by both cell types. …”
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Jian-Ti-Kang-Yi decoction alleviates poly(I:C)-induced pneumonia by inhibiting inflammatory response, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating host metabolism by Huantian Cui, Yuming Wang, Bolun Yu, Yulin Wu, Gaijun Zhang, Junli Guo, Junyu Luo, Qin Li, Qin Li, Xiaojuan Li, Wenju He, Weibo Wen, Weibo Wen, Jiabao Liao, Dongqiang Wang

“…Flow cytometry analysis showed that the JTKY treatment lowered the ratio of CD86+/CD206+ macrophages in the BALF, decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) level, and increased arginase 1 (Arg-1) level in lung. …”
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Regulatory effects of the JAK3/STAT1 pathway on the release of secreted phospholipase A₂-IIA in microvascular endothelial cells of the injured brain by Wang Guansong, Qian Pin, Xu Zhi, Zhang Jiqiang, Wang Yaoli, Cheng Saiyu, Cai Wenqin, Qian Guisheng, Wang Changzheng, DeCoster Mark A

“…The release of sPLA₂-IIA, and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), phospho-JAK3, phospho-STAT1, total JAK3 and STAT1, β-actin, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were analyzed by Western blot or ELISA. …”
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Vitamin C deficiency induces hypoglycemia and cognitive disorder through S-nitrosylation-mediated activation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β by Yingying Shu, Chaochun Zou, Yuqing Cai, Qiangqiang He, Xiaowei Wu, Haibin Zhu, Meiyu Qv, Yunqi Chao, Chengyun Xu, Lanfang Tang, Ximei Wu

“…Treatment with Nω-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), a specific inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, on the other hand, effectively prevented S-nitrosylation and activation of GSK3β in female pups in response to the VC deprivation and reversed hypoglycemia and cognitive disorders. …”
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Therapeutic Effect of Modulating TREM-1 via Anti-inflammation and Autophagy in Parkinson’s Disease by Chien-Wei Feng, Chien-Wei Feng, Nan-Fu Chen, Nan-Fu Chen, Chun-Sung Sung, Chun-Sung Sung, Hsiao-Mei Kuo, Hsiao-Mei Kuo, San-Nan Yang, San-Nan Yang, Chien-Liang Chen, Chien-Liang Chen, Han-Chun Hung, Bing-Hung Chen, Bing-Hung Chen, Bing-Hung Chen, Zhi-Hong Wen, Wu-Fu Chen, Wu-Fu Chen, Wu-Fu Chen

“…We showed that LP17, a synthetic peptide blocker of TREM-1, significantly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced upregulation of proinflammatory cascades of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2, and nuclear factor-kappa B. …”
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The effects of oxidative stress and innate immunity on European badger (Meles meles) life-history dynamics by Bilham, K

“…The major findings are that badger macrophages fail to produce nitric oxide or meaningfully upregulate inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA after exposure to TLR agonists, bacterial lysates and / or recombinant badger Interferon gamma. …”

A Systematic Review and International Web-Based Survey of Randomized Controlled Trials in the Perioperative and Critical Care Setting: Interventions Increasing Mortality by Sartini, Chiara, Lomivorotov, Vladimir, Pisano, Antonio, Riha, Hynek, Baiardo Redaelli, Martina, Lopez-Delgado, Juan Carlos, Pieri, Marina, Hajjar, Ludhmila, Fominskiy, Evgeny, Likhvantsev, Valery, Cabrini, Luca, Bradic, Nikola, Avancini, Daniele, Wang, Chew Yin, Lembo, Rosalba, Novikov, Maxim, Paternoster, Gianluca, Gazivoda, Gordana, Alvaro, Gabriele, Roasio, Agostino, Wang, Chengbin, Severi, Luca, Pasin, Laura, Mura, Paolo, Musu, Mario, Silvetti, Simona, Votta, Carmine Domenico, Belletti, Alessandro, Corradi, Francesco, Brusasco, Claudia, Tamà, Simona, Ruggeri, Laura, Yong, Chow-Yen, Pasero, Daniela, Mancino, Giuseppe, Spadaro, Savino, Conte, Massimiliano, Lobreglio, Rosetta, Di Fraja, Diana, Saporito, Emanuela, D'Amico, Alessandro, Sardo, Salvatore, Ortalda, Alessandro, Yavorovskiy, Andrey, Riefolo, Claudio, Monaco, Fabrizio, Bellomo, Rinaldo, Zangrillo, Alberto, Landoni, Giovanni

“…Measurements and Main Results: The authors selected 12 RCTs dealing with 12 interventions increasing mortality: diaspirin-crosslinked hemoglobin (92% of agreement among web voters), overfeeding, nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in septic shock, human growth hormone, thyroxin in acute kidney injury, intravenous salbutamol in acute respiratory distress syndrome, plasma-derived protein C concentrate, aprotinin in high-risk cardiac surgery, cysteine prodrug, hypothermia in meningitis, methylprednisolone in traumatic brain injury, and albumin in traumatic brain injury (72% of agreement). …”

Immunogenicity of recombinant mycobacterium smegmatis expressing antigen 85b epitopes as a potential tuberculosis vaccine candidate by Kadir , Nur Ayuni

“…In addition, J774A.1 macrophages infected with both rMs064 and rMs012 also increased the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the production of nitric oxide (NO), which are crucial mediators of anti-mycobacterial activity. …”
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Early and late changes in endothelial dependent vascular relaxation and contraction responses in the microcirculation of diabetic rats by Munisamy, Seetha A/P

“…The expressions and distributions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostacyclin synthase (PGIS), prostacyclin (IP) receptor, TXA2 receptor and TXA2 synthase proteins were determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. …”
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Identification of commonly used medicinal plants in Kangkar Pulai and their therapeutic evaluation as anti-diabetic by Alsarhan, Ali Ata Zidan

“…Additionally, immunohistochemistry results showed that the levels of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) of group B diabetic rats were brought back to near normal range after being treated with O. stamineus extract at significant value (p < 0.05) compared with group D (untreated diabetic rats). …”
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Iron oxide polyaniline-coated nanoparticles modulate tumor microenvironment in breast cancer: an in vitro study on the reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages by Camila Sales Nascimento, Naiara Clemente Tavares, Izabella Cristina Andrade Batista, Mônica Maria Magalhães Caetano, Eneida Santos de Oliveira, Stella Garcia Colombarolli, Anna Carolina Pinheiro Lage, Rodrigo Corrêa-Oliveira, Érica Alessandra Rocha Alves, Celso Pinto de Melo, Carlos Eduardo Calzavara-Silva

“…In MDA-MB -231 co-cultures, increases in cytokines IL -6, IL -1β, and oxidative stress markers were observed, as well as upregulation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene in macrophages, leading to tumor cell death via apoptosis-independent pathways (Sytox+). …”
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Hydrogen Attenuates Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy by Regulating Iron Metabolism by Jixian Song, Qi Chen, Shan Xu, Yujing Gou, Yajing Guo, Cuiling Jia, Chenbing Zhao, Zhi Zhang, Boliang Li, Yashuo Zhao, Ensheng Ji

“…Secondly, H₂ exhibited a suppressive effect on oxidative injury by decreasing levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) (<i>p</i> < 0.01). …”
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