Field evaluation of culture plus latex sweep serotyping for detection of multiple pneumococcal serotype colonisation in infants and young children by Turner, P, Turner, C, Jankhot, A, Phakaudom, K, Nosten, F, Goldblatt, D

“…Estimates of age at first pneumococcal acquisition and colonisation duration were not affected by culture/serotyping method. However, a greater number of serotype carriage episodes were detected in infants cultured by latex sweep (p = 0.03). …”

Star formation in nearby early-type galaxies: The radio continuum perspective by Bureau, M, Nyland, K, Young, L, Wrobel, J, Davis, T, Alatalo, K, Morganti, R, Duc, P, de Zeeuw, P, McDermid, R, Crocker, A, Oosterloo, T

“…Thus, we have identified a population of ETGs that have a genuine shortfall of radio emission relative to both their IR and molecular gas emission. A number of mechanisms may conspire to cause this radio deficiency, including a bottom-heavy stellar initial mass function, weak magnetic fields, a higher prevalence of environmental effects compared to spirals and enhanced cosmic ray losses…”

Application of operational tolerance signatures are limited by variability and type of immunosuppression in renal transplant recipients: A cross-sectional study. by Bottomley, M, Chen, M, Fuggle, S, Harden, P, Wood, K

“…Azathioprine associated with a decrease in transitional and naive B-cell numbers and calcineurin inhibition associated with an increase in the number of circulating plasmablasts. …”

Direct facility funding as a response to user fee reduction: implementation and perceived impact among Kenyan health centres and dispensaries. by Opwora, A, Kabare, M, Molyneux, S, Goodman, C

“…This was perceived to have improved health worker motivation, utilization and quality of care. A number of problems were identified. HFC training was reportedly inadequate, and no DFF documentation was available at facility level, leading to confusion. …”

Serious mental disorders in 23 000 prisoners: a systematic review of 62 surveys

“…Background: About 9 million people are imprisoned worldwide, but the number with serious mental disorders (psychosis, major depression, and antisocial personality disorder) is unknown. …”

The effectiveness of cognitive behavioural treatment for non-specific low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Richmond, H, Hall, A, Copsey, B, Hansen, Z, Williamson, E, Hoxey-Thomas, N, Cooper, Z, Lamb, S

“…While trials varied considerably in methodological quality, and in intervention factors such as provider, mode of delivery, dose, duration, and pragmatism, there were several examples of lower intensity, low cost interventions that were effective.CB interventions yield long-term improvements in pain, disability and quality of life in comparison to no treatment and other guideline-based active treatments for patients with LBP of any duration and of any age.PROSPERO protocol registration number: CRD42014010536.…”

Fundus autofluorescence in the Abca4-/- mouse model of stargardt disease-correlation with accumulation of A2E, retinal function, and histology by Charbel Issa, P, Barnard, A, Singh, MS, Carter, E, Jiang, Z, Radu, R, Schraermeyer, U, MacLaren, R

“…Later, lipofuscin and melanin granules decreased in number, whereas melanolipofuscin granules increased. …”

How is article 7 of the Energy Efficiency Directive being implemented? An analysis of national energy efficiency obligation schemes by Bertoldi, P, Castellazzi, L, Oikonomou, V, Fawcett, T, Spyridaki, NA, Renders, N, Moorkens, I

“…Key issues including the time scale needed to introduce an effective EEOS, type and number of obligated partners, changing business models of energy companies and scale of expenditure are discussed.…”

Graph reconstruction and structure by Tan, J

“…While most general results in literature only apply when k and l are small constants, in both cases we develop techniques that facilitate significant leaps to even handle deficits that are linear in the number of vertices. For the third variant, we introduce axioms to define a family of reconstruction problems in which decks are defined by ‘switching’ at a vertex instead of deletions. …”

Vervet monkeys socialize more when time budget constraints are experimentally reduced by Borgeaud, C, Jankowiak, B, Aellen, M, Dunbar, RIM, Bshary, R

“…Furthermore, following our predictions, the effect of provisioning was usually stronger during the winter season (when food was scarce and days shorter) than during the summer, and the number of conflicts decreased during supplementation days. …”

Observations of the plume generated by the December 2005 oil depot explosions and prolonged fire at Buncefield (Hertfordshire, UK) and associated atmospheric changes by Mather, T, Harrison, R, Tsanev, V, Pyle, D, Karumudi, M, Bennett, A, Sawyer, G, Highwood, E

“…About 50km downwind, particles were approximately 60-75% BC with refractive index between 1.80-0.52i and 1.89-0.69i, R eff∼1.0μm and mass loadings 320-780μgm-3. Number distributions were almost all monomodal with peak at r<0.1μm. …”

Global optimisation of communication protocols for bulk synchronous parallel computation by Donaldson, S, Donaldson, Stephen Richard

“…Already mentioned is that non-locally optimal strategies might lead to globally optimal performance, but also of importance is that variance observed at the local level also influences performance. A number of decisions in the transport protocol design and implementations have been made in order that the observed variance in the protocol's behaviour is minimised. …”

Arctic science in circulation at the Royal Geographical Society c.1880–1914 by Martin, P

“…Although ‘indigenous intermediaries’ assisted explorers in a number of ways during their time in the field, the thesis demonstrates that prevailing imaginaries of the Polar regions have meant that these contributions have continued to remain only ‘partially visible’ within the subsequent historical narrative.…”

Long read assemblies of geographically dispersed Plasmodium falciparum isolates reveal highly structured subtelomeres by Otto, TD, Böhme, U, Sanders, M, Reid, A, Bruske, EI, Duffy, CW, Bull, PC, Pearson, RD, Abdi, A, Dimonte, S, Stewart, LB, Campino, S, Kekre, M, Hamilton, WL, Claessens, A, Volkman, SK, Ndiaye, D, Amambua-Ngwa, A, Diakite, M, Fairhurst, RM, Conway, DJ, Franck, M, Newbold, CI, Berriman, M

“…Some exported gene families purportedly involved in release of merozoites show copy number variation. As an example of ongoing genome evolution, we found a novel CLAG gene in six isolates. …”

Melatonin for pre-medication in children: a systematic review by Mellor, K, Papaioannou, D, Thomason, A, Bolt, R, Evans, C, Wilson, M, Deery, C

“…<p><strong>Background:</strong>&nbsp;Melatonin&rsquo;s effectiveness as an anxiolytic medication has been confirmed in adults; however, its efficacy in a paediatric population is unclear. A number of small studies have assessed its use in children as a pre-operative anxiolytic, with conflicting results.…”

Halogen bonding interlocked rotaxanes and transition metal-based host systems for charged guest recognition and sensing by Munasinghe, AVK

“…A co-bound lithium cation was observed to switch-on halide anion binding, and the binding affinity increased with the number of halogen bond donors. This initial work is extended to develop a dynamic two-station [2]rotaxane to investigate the unprecedented use of an ion-pair as an external stimulus to control the translational motion of the macrocycle along the axle component.…”

Investigating the genetic association between ERAP1 and ankylosing spondylitis. by Harvey, D, Pointon, J, Evans, D, Karaderi, T, Farrar, C, Appleton, L, Sturrock, R, Stone, M, Oppermann, U, Brown, M, Wordsworth, B

“…Regression analysis failed to identify a primary association clearly; we therefore used data from HapMap to impute genotypes for an additional 205 non-coding SNPs located within and adjacent to ERAP1. A number of highly significant associations (P &lt; 5 x 10(-9)) were identified in regulatory sequences which are good candidates for causing susceptibility to AS, possibly by regulating ERAP1 expression.…”

Changes of perceived control after kidney transplantation: a prospective study by Schulz, T, Niesing, J, Homan Van Der Heide, J, Westerhuis, R, Ploeg, R, Ranchor, A

“…The course of psychological distress varied across perceived control change groups, with patients in the control gain group experiencing a significant reduction in psychological distress.A considerable number of patients report increased levels of perceived control after transplantation that are associated with a subsequent decrease in psychological distress. …”

Quality of care in rheumatoid disease from the clinician perspective: a modified Delphi Panel approach by O’Shea, F, Taylor, PC, Dickie, G, Yaworsky, A, Banderas, B, Kachroo, S

“…<br><strong> Results<br></strong> In round 1 (clinician interviews), clinicians reported 52 unique QoC attributes across 14 themes, with the greatest number of attributes reported in the “treatment goals” (n = 7) and “remote monitoring” (n = 7) themes. …”

Ten‐year assessment of the 100 priority questions for global biodiversity conservation by Jucker, T, Wintle, B, Shackelford, G, Bocquillon, P, Geffert, J, Kasoar, T, Kovacs, E, Mumby, H, Orland, C, Schleicher, J, Tew, E, Zabala, A, Amano, T, Bell, A, Bongalov, B, Chambers, J, Corrigan, C, Durán, A, Duvic-Paoli, L, Emilson, C, Emilson, E, Da Silva, J, Garnett, E, Green, E, Guth, M, Hacket-Pain, A, Hinsley, A, Igea, J, Kunz, M, Luke, S, Lynam, W, Martin, P, Nunes, M, Ockendon, N, Pavitt, A, Payne, C, Plutshack, V, Rademacher, T, Robertson, R, Rose, D, Serban, A, Simmons, B, Tayleur, C, Wordley, C, Mukherjee, N

“…We defined highly relevant questions as those that – if answered – would have the greatest impact on global biodiversity conservation and quantified effort based on the number of review publications addressing a particular question, which we used as a proxy for research effort. …”