Toward carbon neutrality: Systematic approach to decarbonize palm oil value chain by Tan, Qian Thong, Rajakal, Jaya Prasanth, Lim, Chun Hsion, Hassim, Mimi H., Ng, Denny K. S.

“…This study considers integrated oil palm plantations (OPPs), integrated palm oil mills (POMs), and palm oil refineries (PORs) within the POVC boundary. An integrated OPP refers to plantation with an onsite biorefinery, while an integrated POM includes the milling process, biorefinery, palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment, and biogas upgradation. …”

Utilization of oil contaminated sand for green asphalt concrete production by Ng, Ye Han

“…Managing of Oil Contaminated Sand (OCS) has been an issue in many countries especially Singapore as one of the largest oil refinery industry. One of the major challenge faced on OCS is the high treatment cost. …”
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Essays on oil price fluctuations, financial markets and international trade by Le, Thai Ha

“…Three Asian economies that represent three distinct characteristics in terms of oil are chosen and examined: Malaysia as an oil exporter, Singapore as an oil refinery and Japan as an oil importer. The stability of the causality is also checked and the estimated impulse responses across different periods are examined. …”
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