Influence of genetic factors on neurophysiological mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases by Natalia V. Ponomareva, Vitaliy F. Fokin, Evgeny I. Rogaev, Sergey N. Illarioshkin

“…On the other hand, neurophysiological changes can directly affect the development of the disease, including the genetic level, as evidenced by experimental optogenetic studies, the results of deep brain stimulation and other neuromodulation methods. …”
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Prefrontal and Auditory Input to Intercalated Neurons of the Amygdala by Cornelia Strobel, Roger Marek, Helen M. Gooch, Robert K.P. Sullivan, Pankaj Sah

“…Here, using targeted optogenetic stimulation, we show that lITC neurons receive auditory input from cortical and thalamic regions. …”
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Anterior cingulate cross-hemispheric inhibition via the claustrum resolves painful sensory conflict by Keisuke Koga, Kenta Kobayashi, Makoto Tsuda, Anthony E. Pickering, Hidemasa Furue

“…These sensory responses were enhanced during attending behavior. Optogenetic activation of ACC→contraCLA neurons silenced pyramidal neurons in the contralateral ACC by recruiting local circuit fast-spiking interneuron activation via an excitatory relay in the CLA. …”
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Modulation of motor behavior by the mesencephalic locomotor region by Daniel Dautan, Adrienn Kovács, Tsogbadrakh Bayasgalan, Miguel A. Diaz-Acevedo, Balazs Pal, Juan Mena-Segovia

“…Here we report that CnF glutamatergic neurons are more electrophysiologically homogeneous than PPN neurons and have mostly short-range connectivity, whereas PPN glutamatergic neurons are heterogeneous and maintain long-range connections, most notably with the basal ganglia. Optogenetic activation of CnF neurons produces short-lasting muscle activation, driving involuntary motor activity. …”
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Serotonergic neurons control cortical neuronal intracellular energy dynamics by modulating astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle by Akiyo Natsubori, Shinobu Hirai, Soojin Kwon, Daisuke Ono, Fei Deng, Jinxia Wan, Momoka Miyazawa, Takashi Kojima, Haruo Okado, Akihiro Karashima, Yulong Li, Kenji F. Tanaka, Makoto Honda

“…Through in vivo monitoring of energy metabolites and signaling, we demonstrated that optogenetic activation of raphe serotonergic neurons increased cortical neuronal intracellular concentration of ATP, an indispensable cellular energy molecule, which was suppressed by inhibiting neuronal uptake of lactate derived from astrocytes. …”
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Lateral hypothalamic LEPR neurons drive appetitive but not consummatory behaviors by Justin N. Siemian, Miguel A. Arenivar, Sarah Sarsfield, Cara B. Borja, Charity N. Russell, Yeka Aponte

“…In the Pavlovian paradigm, only LHLEPR activity discriminates between conditioned cues. Optogenetic activation or inhibition of either population in this task disrupts discrimination. …”
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CO2-evoked release of PGE2 modulates sighs and inspiration as demonstrated in brainstem organotypic culture by David Forsberg, Zachi Horn, Evangelia Tserga, Erik Smedler, Gilad Silberberg, Yuri Shvarev, Kai Kaila, Per Uhlén, Eric Herlenius

“…We used mice lacking eicosanoid prostanoid 3 receptors (EP3R), breathing brainstem organotypic slices and optogenetic inhibition of EP3R+/+ cells to demonstrate that the EP3R is important for the ventilatory response to hypercapnia. …”
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P1 interneurons promote a persistent internal state that enhances inter-male aggression in Drosophila by Eric D Hoopfer, Yonil Jung, Hidehiko K Inagaki, Gerald M Rubin, David J Anderson

“…Genetic intersections revealed that 8-10 P1 interneurons, previously thought to exclusively control male courtship, were sufficient to promote fighting. Optogenetic experiments indicated that P1 activation could promote aggression at a threshold below that required for wing extension. …”
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Flow of Cortical Activity Underlying a Tactile Decision in Mice by Guo, Zengcai V., Li, Nuo, Huber, Daniel, Ophir, Eran, Gutnisky, Diego, Feng, Guoping, Svoboda, Karel, Ting, Jonathan Thomas

“…A short-term memory component temporally separated tactile “sensation” and “action” (licking). Using optogenetic inhibition (spatial resolution, 2 mm; temporal resolution, 100 ms), we surveyed the neocortex for regions driving behavior during specific behavioral epochs. …”
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Dorsal Raphe Dopamine Neurons Represent the Experience of Social Isolation by Matthews, Gillian A., Nieh, Edward H., Vander Weele, Caitlin M., Halbert, Sarah A., Pradhan, Roma V., Yosafat, Ariella S., Glober, Gordon F., Izadmehr, Ehsan M., Thomas, Rain E., Lacy, Gabrielle D., Wildes, Craig P., Ungless, Mark A., Tye, Kay, Matthews, Gillian A., Nieh, Edward H., Vander Weele, Caitlin M., Halbert, Sarah A., Pradhan, Roma V., Yosafat, Ariella S., Glober, Gordon F., Izadmehr, Ehsan M., Thomas, Rain E., Lacy, Gabrielle D., Wildes, Craig P.

“…DRN DA neurons show increased activity upon social contact following isolation, revealed by in vivo calcium imaging. Optogenetic activation of DRN DA neurons increases social preference but causes place avoidance. …”
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Gamma-Rhythmic Gain Modulation by Ni, Jianguang, Wunderle, Thomas, Lewis, Christopher Murphy, Desimone, Robert, Diester, Ilka, Fries, Pascal

“…Furthermore, we find that constant optogenetic stimulation of anesthetized cat area 21a produces gamma-band activity entailing a similar gain modulation. …”
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Differential attentional control mechanisms by two distinct noradrenergic coeruleo-frontal cortical pathways by Bari, Andrea, Xu, Sangyu, Pignatelli, Michele, Takeuchi, Daigo, Feng, Jiesi, Li, Yulong, Tonegawa, Susumu

“…Here, by using behavioral and optogenetic techniques, we investigate the effect of LC neuron activation or inhibition in operant tests measuring attention and response inhibition (i.e., a measure of impulsive behavior). …”
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Cingulate-motor circuits update rule representations for sequential choice decisions by Takeuchi, Daigo, Roy, Dheeraj, Muralidhar, Shruti, Kawai, Takashi, Bari, Andrea, Lovett, Chanel, Sullivan, Heather A, Wickersham, Ian R, Tonegawa, Susumu

“…Indeed, the silencing of cingulate cortex decreases rule selectivity of secondary motor cortical neurons. Furthermore, optogenetic silencing of cingulate cortical neurons that is temporally targeted to error trials immediately after rule switches exacerbates errors in the following trials. …”
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ChAT-ChR2-EYFP Mice Have Enhanced Motor Endurance But Show Deficits in Attention and Several Additional Cognitive Domains by Kolisnyk, Benjamin, Guzman, Monica S., Raulic, Sanda, Fan, Jue, Magalhaes, Ana C., Feng, Guoping, Gros, Robert, Prado, Vania F., Prado, Marco A. M.

“…Recent studies have used bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgenic mice expressing channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) protein under the control of the choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) promoter (ChAT–ChR2–EYFP) to dissect cholinergic circuit connectivity and function using optogenetic approaches. We report that a mouse line used for this purpose also carries several copies of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter gene (VAChT), which leads to overexpression of functional VAChT and consequently increased cholinergic tone. …”
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Independent optical excitation of distinct neural populations by Klapoetke, Nathan Cao, Murata, Yasunobu, Kim, Sung Soo, Pulver, Stefan R., Birdsey-Benson, Amanda, Cho, Yong Ku, Morimoto, Tania K., Chuong, Amy S., Carpenter, Eric J., Tian, Zhijian, Wang, Jun, Xie, Yinlong, Yan, Zhixiang, Zhang, Yong, Chow, Brian Y., Surek, Barbara, Melkonian, Michael, Jayaraman, Vivek, Wong, Gane Ka-Shu, Constantine-Paton, Martha, Boyden, Edward

“…Optogenetic tools enable examination of how specific cell types contribute to brain circuit functions. …”
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BLA to vHPC Inputs Modulate Anxiety-Related Behaviors by Beyeler, Anna, Felix-Ortiz, Ada Celis, Seo, Changwoo, Leppla, Christopher Albert, Wildes, Craig P., Tye, Kay

“…Here we show that activation of BLA-vHPC synapses acutely and robustly increased anxiety-related behaviors, while inhibition of BLA-vHPC synapses decreased anxiety-related behaviors. We combined optogenetic approaches with in vivo pharmacological manipulations and ex vivo whole-cell patch-clamp recordings to dissect the local circuit mechanisms, demonstrating that activation of BLA terminals in the vHPC provided monosynaptic, glutamatergic inputs to vHPC pyramidal neurons. …”
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Social memory deficit caused by dysregulation of the cerebellar vermis by Chao, Owen Y., Pathak, Salil Saurav, Zhang, Hao, Augustine, George James, Christie, Jason M., Kikuchi, Chikako, Taniguchi, Hiroki, Yang, Yi-Mei

“…Chemogenetic perturbation of MLIs impaired SRM without affecting sociability, anxiety levels, motor coordination or object recognition. Optogenetic interference of MLIs during distinct phases of a social recognition test revealed the cerebellar engagement in the retrieval, but not encoding, of social information. c-Fos mapping after the social recognition test showed that cerebellar manipulation decreased brain-wide interregional correlations and altered network structure from medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus-centered to amygdala-centered modules. …”
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Modulation of SF1 neuron activity coordinately regulates both feeding behavior and associated emotional states by Viskaitis, P, Irvine, EE, Smith, MA, Choudhury, AI, Alvarez-Curto, E, Glegola, JA, Hardy, DG, Pedroni, SMA, Pessoa, MR, Fernando, ABP, Katsouri, L, Sardini, A, Ungless, MA, Milligan, G, Withers, DJ

“…Using pharmacogenetic, optogenetic, and calcium imaging approaches with a battery of behavioral assays, we demonstrate that VMH steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) neurons constitute a nutritionally sensitive switch, modulating the competing motivations of feeding and avoidance of potentially dangerous environments. …”

Pro-maturational effects of human iPSC-derived cortical astrocytes upon iPSC-derived cortical neurons by Anne Hedegaard, Jimena Monzón-Sandoval, Sarah E Newey, Emma S Whiteley, Caleb Webber, Colin J Akerman

“…We show that the cortical iPSC-derived astrocytes exhibit many of the molecular and functional hallmarks of astrocytes. Furthermore, optogenetic and electrophysiological co-culture experiments reveal that the iPSC-astrocytes can actively modulate ongoing synaptic transmission and exert pro-maturational effects upon developing networks of iPSC-derived cortical neurons. …”

Combining brain perturbation and neuroimaging in non-human primates by Christiaan Klink, P, Aubry, J-F, Ferrera, VP, Fox, AS, Froudist-Walsh, S, Jarraya, B, Konofagou, E, Krauzlis, R, Messinger, A, Mitchell, AS, Ortiz-Rios, M, Oya, H, Roberts, AC, Roe, AW, Rushworth, MFS, Sallet, J, Schmid, MC, Schroeder, CE, Tasserie, J, Tsao, D, Uhrig, L, Vanduffel, W, Wilke, M, Kagan, I, Petkov, CI

“…We consider both non-reversible (lesions) and reversible or temporary perturbations such as electrical, pharmacological, optical, optogenetic, chemogenetic, pathway-selective, and ultrasound based interference methods. …”