Advancing sepsis clinical research: harnessing transcriptomics for an omics-based strategy - a comprehensive scoping review by Asrar Rashid, Feras Al-Obeidat, Hari Krishnan Kanthimathinathan, Govind Benakatti, Wael Hafez, Raghu Ramaiah, Joe Brierley, Benjamin Hanisch, Praveen Khilnani, Christos Koutentis, Berit S. Brusletto, Mohammed Toufiq, Zain Hussain, Harish Vyas, Zainab A Malik, Maike Schumacher, Rayaz A Malik, Shriprasad Deshpande, Nasir Quraishi, Raziya Kadwa, Amrita Sarpal, M. Guftar Shaikh, Javed Sharief, Syed Ahmed Zaki, Rajesh Phatak, Akash Deep, Ahmed Al-Dubai, Amir Hussain

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Doença meningocócica e meningite Meningococcal disease and meningitis by Ricardo G. Branco, Carolina F. Amoretti, Robert C. Tasker

“…Early intervention with aggressive fluid resuscitation and antibiotic therapy can significantly improve outcome. In the pediatric intensive care unit, a large amount of fluids may be required during the first few days and vasoactive drug infusions are often needed. …”
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Management of Preschool Wheezing: Guideline from the Emilia-Romagna Asthma (ERA) Study Group by Valentina Fainardi, Carlo Caffarelli, Michela Deolmi, Kaltra Skenderaj, Aniello Meoli, Riccardo Morini, Barbara Maria Bergamini, Luca Bertelli, Loretta Biserna, Paolo Bottau, Elena Corinaldesi, Nicoletta De Paulis, Arianna Dondi, Battista Guidi, Francesca Lombardi, Maria Sole Magistrali, Elisabetta Marastoni, Silvia Pastorelli, Alessandra Piccorossi, Maurizio Poloni, Sylvie Tagliati, Francesca Vaienti, Giuseppe Gregori, Roberto Sacchetti, Sandra Mari, Manuela Musetti, Francesco Antodaro, Andrea Bergomi, Lamberto Reggiani, Fabio Caramelli, Alessandro De Fanti, Federico Marchetti, Giampaolo Ricci, Susanna Esposito

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Improving outcomes after pediatric cardiac arrest – the ICU-Resuscitation Project: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial by Ron W. Reeder, Alan Girling, Heather Wolfe, Richard Holubkov, Robert A. Berg, Maryam Y. Naim, Kathleen L. Meert, Bradley Tilford, Joseph A. Carcillo, Melinda Hamilton, Matthew Bochkoris, Mark Hall, Tensing Maa, Andrew R. Yates, Anil Sapru, Robert Kelly, Myke Federman, J. Michael Dean, Patrick S. McQuillen, Deborah Franzon, Murray M. Pollack, Ashley Siems, John Diddle, David L. Wessel, Peter M. Mourani, Carleen Zebuhr, Robert Bishop, Stuart Friess, Candice Burns, Shirley Viteri, David A. Hehir, R. Whitney Coleman, Tammara L. Jenkins, Daniel A. Notterman, Robert F. Tamburro, Robert M. Sutton, for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network (CPCCRN)

“…A single-center before-and-after study demonstrated that outcomes may be improved with a novel training program in which all pediatric intensive care unit staff are encouraged to participate in frequent CPR refresher training and regular, structured resuscitation debriefings focused on patient-centric physiology. …”
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Vocal cord dysfunction after pediatric cardiac surgery: A prospective implementation studyCentral MessagePerspective by Louise Kenny, MBBS, MSC, FRCS-CTh, Amy McIntosh, BN, Karen Jardine, BSpPath, Jessica Suna, BN, BSc, GradCer, MHlthSci, Kathryn Versluis, BSc (Health Science), Nicola Slee, MBBS, FRACS, GAICD, Gareth Lloyd, BMBS, BMedSci (hons), FRCS, Robert Justo, MBBS, FRACP, Greg Merlo, BSci, MHEcon, PhD, Mary Wilson, BN, Tristan Reddan, BAppSc, GCHlthSc, GDApps, PhD, AMS, FASA, Jennifer Powell, BA, BSc, MBBS, FRANZCr, Prem Venugopal, FRCS-CTh, Kim Betts, MBiostats, MPH, PhD, Nelson Alphonso, FRCS-CTh

“…There was no significant difference in duration of intubation, pediatric intensive care unit stay, or hospital stay. Forty percent children were able to achieve full oral feeding. …”
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CritCom: assessment of quality of interdisciplinary communication around deterioration in pediatric oncologic patients by Jocelyn Rivera, Sara Malone, Maria Puerto-Torres, Kim Prewitt, Lara Counts, Parima Wiphatphumiprates, Firas Sakaan, Zebin Al Zebin, Anita V. Arias, Parthasarathi Bhattacharyya, Sanjeeva Gunasekera, Sherry Johnson, Joyce Kambugu, Erica C. Kaye, Belinda Mandrell, Jennifer Mack, Jennifer McArthur, Alejandra Mendez, Lisa Morrissey, Rana Sharara-Chami, Jennifer Snaman, Elizabeth Sniderman, Douglas A. Luke, Dylan E. Graetz, Asya Agulnik

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Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Confirmed and Negative Kawasaki Disease Patients During the Pandemic in Spain by Elisa Fernández-Cooke, Elisa Fernández-Cooke, Carlos D. Grasa, Sara Domínguez-Rodríguez, Ana Barrios Tascón, Judith Sánchez-Manubens, Jordi Anton, Beatriz Mercader, Enrique Villalobos, Marisol Camacho, María Luisa Navarro Gómez, Manuel Oltra Benavent, Gemma Giralt, Matilde Bustillo, Ana María Bello Naranjo, Beatriz Rocandio, Moisés Rodríguez-González, Esmeralda Núñez Cuadros, Javier Aracil Santos, David Moreno, Cristina Calvo, The KAWA-RACE Study Group

“…In April 2020, some children presented with signs of multisystem inflammation with clinical signs overlapping with Kawasaki disease (KD), most of them requiring admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). This study aimed to describe the prevalence and clinical characteristics of KD SARS-CoV-2 confirmed and negative patients during the pandemic in Spain.Material and Methods: Medical data of KD patients from January 1, 2018 until May 30, 2020 was collected from the KAWA-RACE study group. …”
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Glycemic Variability Is Independently Associated With Poor Prognosis in Five Pediatric ICU Centers in Southwest China by Milan Dong, Milan Dong, Wenjun Liu, Yetao Luo, Jing Li, Bo Huang, Yingbo Zou, Fuyan Liu, Guoying Zhang, Ju Chen, Jianyu Jiang, Ling Duan, Daoxue Xiong, Hongmin Fu, Kai Yu

“…To compare the contribution in 28-day mortality prognosis between glycemic variability and hyper- or hypoglycemia, performance metrics were calculated, which included AUC, net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).ResultsAmong 780 participants, 12.4% (n = 97) died within 28 days after admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Statistically significant differences were found between survivors and non-survivors in terms of four GV metrics (SD, GLI, MAG, and ACACP), in which MAG (AUC: 0.762, 95% CI: 0.705–0.819, p < 0.001) achieved the largest AUC and showed a strong independent association with ICU mortality. …”
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Prevention of Surgical Site Infections in Neonates and Children: Non-Pharmacological Measures of Prevention by Aniello Meoli, Lorenzo Ciavola, Sofia Rahman, Marco Masetti, Tommaso Toschetti, Riccardo Morini, Giulia Dal Canto, Cinzia Auriti, Caterina Caminiti, Elio Castagnola, Giorgio Conti, Daniele Donà, Luisa Galli, Stefania La Grutta, Laura Lancella, Mario Lima, Andrea Lo Vecchio, Gloria Pelizzo, Nicola Petrosillo, Alessandro Simonini, Elisabetta Venturini, Fabio Caramelli, Gaetano Domenico Gargiulo, Enrico Sesenna, Rossella Sgarzani, Claudio Vicini, Mino Zucchelli, Fabio Mosca, Annamaria Staiano, Nicola Principi, Susanna Esposito, on behalf of the Peri-Operative Prophylaxis in Neonatal and Paediatric Age (POP-NeoPed) Study Group

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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the COVID-19 waves: data from the Juvenile Inflammatory Rheumatism cohort by Robin Kechiche, Charlotte Borocco, Fanny Bajolle, Alexandre Belot, Sylvaine Poignant, Noémie Lachaume, Lucas Percheron, Ulrich Meinzer, Clara Mertes, Véronique Despert, Luc Morin, Virginie Lambert, Virginie Lambert, Perrine Dusser, Nassima Matsa, Véronique Hentgen, Isabelle Kone-Paut, Caroline Galeotti

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Identifying the oral microbiome of adolescents with and without dental fluorosis based on full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing by Shanshan Luo, Ruirui Shao, Yue Hong, Ting Zhang, Ting Zhang, Qingshuai Zhou, Qian Zhou, Fengqing Rao, Xingxing Zhao, Yangting Dong, Ruiyu Zhu, Ping Ling, Guzhen Cui, Zhizhong Guan, Peng Luo, Yan He, Xiaolan Qi, Xiaolan Qi, Jian Liao, Wei Hong, Wei Hong

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A Point Prevalence Survey of Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Use in Public Acute Care Hospitals in Crete, Greece by Petros Ioannou, Eirini Astrinaki, Efsevia Vitsaxaki, Emmanouil Bolikas, Despoina Christofaki, Apostolia Salvaraki, Eirini Lagoudaki, Eleni Ioannidou, Stamatis Karakonstantis, Stamatina Saplamidou, Christos Cleovoulou, Eleni Stamataki, Stavroula Ilia, Argyri Messaritaki, Michaela Avdi, Anthoula Chalkiadaki, Styliani Papathanasaki, Chrisanthi Markopoulou, Evagelia Magouli, Maria Moustaki, Vasileia-Athina Kataxaki, Panagiotis Skevakis, Nikolaos Spernovasilis, Georgios Chamilos, Diamantis P. Kofteridis

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Estudo controlado do uso endovenoso de sulfato de magnésio ou de salbutamol no tratamento precoce da crise de asma aguda grave em crianças Randomized clinical trial of intravenous... by João Carlos Santana, Sérgio Saldanha Menna Barreto, Jefferson Pedro Piva, Pedro Celiny Garcia

“…METHODS: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, including children above 2 years of age with severe acute asthma admitted to the observation ward of the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Hospital São Lucas. All patients received conventional treatment (oxygen, corticoids, beta-adrenergics) on admission, and later received one of the following solutions: a) IVMg (50 mg/kg); b) intravenous salbutamol (20 µg/kg); c) saline solution (1 ml/kg/min). …”
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Promising results of a clinical feasibility study: CIRBP as a potential biomarker in pediatric cardiac surgery by Jana Lücht, Jana Lücht, Raphael Seiler, Alexa Leona Herre, Liliya Brankova, Raphaela Fritsche-Guenther, Jennifer Kirwan, Dörte Huscher, Dörte Huscher, Hanna Münzfeld, Felix Berger, Joachim Photiadis, Giang Tong, Katharina R. L. Schmitt

“…Serum samples were obtained before the cardiac operation, upon arrival at the pediatric intensive care unit, 6 and 24 h after the operation in patients up to 18 years of age with congenital heart disease (CHD). …”
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Clinical and molecular epidemiological features of critically ill patients with invasive group A Streptococcus infections: a Belgian multicenter case-series by Marijke Peetermans, Veerle Matheeussen, Cedric Moerman, Fréderic De Rydt, Sabine Thieren, Emily Pollet, Michael Casaer, Benjamin De Backer, Rudi De Paep, Yves Debaveye, Lars Desmet, Stefanie Desmet, Els I. M. Duval, Vincent Fraipont, Dieter Geysels, Greet Hermans, Frederik Lahaye, Xavier Mathy, Philippe Meersseman, Cécile Meex, Jozef Van Herck, Stefanie van Kleef-van Koeveringe, Nathalie Layios, Joost Wauters, Philippe G. Jorens

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Day-1 PELOD-2 and day-1 “quick” PELOD-2 scores in children with sepsis in the PICU by Mianling Zhong, Yuge Huang, Tufeng Li, Lu Xiong, Ting Lin, Miaofen Li, Dongqiang He

“…Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive validity of the day-1 PELOD-2 and day-1 “quick” PELOD-2 (qPELOD-2) scores for in-hospital mortality in children with sepsis in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a developing country. …”
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Undersedation is a risk factor for the development of subglottic stenosis in intubated children by Cláudia Schweiger, Denise Manica, Denise Rotta Rutkay Pereira, Paulo Roberto Antonacci Carvalho, Jefferson Pedro Piva, Gabriel Kuhl, Leo Sekine, Paulo José Cauduro Marostica

“…Methods: All patients between 30 days and 5 years of age who required endotracheal intubation in the pediatric intensive care unit between 2013 and 2014 were included in this prospective study. …”
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Al-hijamah (wet cupping therapy of prophetic medicine) significantly and safely reduces iron overload and oxidative stress in thalassemic children: a novel pilot study by El-Shanshory M, Hablas NH, Shebl Y, Fakhreldin AR, Attia M, Almaramhy HH, Baghdadi H, Ayat M, Albeihany A, El-Dardear A, Ibrahim HA, Mahmoud HS, Nabo MMH, El Sayed SM

“…Mohamed El-Shanshory,1,2 Nahed M Hablas,2 Yasmin Shebl,2 Ahmed R Fakhreldin,3 Mohamed Attia,4 Hamdi H Almaramhy,5 Hussam Baghdadi,6 Mongi Ayat,1,6 Amal Albeihany,7 Amr El-Dardear,1,8,9 Hoda Ali Ibrahim,10 Hany Salah Mahmoud,11 Manal Mohamed Helmy Nabo,12,13 Salah Mohamed El Sayed1,6,14 1Prophetic Medicine Course and Research, Taibah College of Medicine, Medina, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Pediatrics, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta Gharbia, Egypt; 3Department of Pediatrics, Aswan Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt; 4Department of Clinical Pathology, Tanta Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; 5Department of Surgery, Taibah Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia; 6Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Taibah Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia; 7Department of Hematology, King Fahd Hospital, Ministry of Health, Medina, Saudi Arabia; 8Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia; 9Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; 10Department of Biochemistry, Tanta Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; 11Scientific Center for Experimental and Research Studies, Cairo, Egypt; 12Division of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Fahad Hospital, Ministry of Health, Medina, Saudi Arabia; 13Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatrics Department, Sohag Teaching Hospital, Ministry of Health, Sohag, Egypt; 14Department of Medical Biochemistry, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt Background: Thalassemia is a major health problem due to iron overload, iron deposition and oxidative stress-induced tissue damage. …”
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Factors Associated With In-hospital Mortality of Children With Acute Fulminant Myocarditis on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation by En-Pei Lee, En-Pei Lee, Sheng-Chih Chu, Sheng-Chih Chu, Sheng-Chih Chu, Sheng-Chih Chu, Wun-Yan Huang, Wun-Yan Huang, Wun-Yan Huang, Shao-Hsuan Hsia, Shao-Hsuan Hsia, Oi-Wa Chan, Oi-Wa Chan, Chia-Ying Lin, Chia-Ying Lin, Ya-Ting Su, Yu-Sheng Chang, Yu-Sheng Chang, Hung-Tao Chung, Hung-Tao Chung, Han-Ping Wu, Han-Ping Wu, Han-Ping Wu, Jainn-Jim Lin, Jainn-Jim Lin

“…Aim: To analyze the factors associated with in-hospital mortality of children with acute fulminant myocarditis on venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO).Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using chart reviews of patients diagnosed with acute fulminant myocarditis at the pediatric intensive care unit of two tertiary medical centers between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2017. …”
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Prevalencia y valor pronóstico del síndrome del enfermo eutiroideo en niños críticos by Sohair Sayed Abu El-Ella, Muhammad Said El-Mekkawy, Mohamed Abdelrahman El-Dihemey

“…Materials and methods: A prospective observational study conducted on 70 critically ill children admitted into pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured within 24 hours of PICU admission. …”
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