COPD exacerbation phenotypes: The next frontier by Moran, A, Pavord, I

Phenotypic analysis of antigen-specific T lymphocytes. by Altman, J, Moss, P, Goulder, P, Barouch, D, McHeyzer-Williams, MG, Bell, J, McMichael, A, Davis, M

Disc degeneration-related clinical phenotypes by Battié, M, Lazáry, Á, Fairbank, J, Eisenstein, S, Heywood, C, Brayda-Bruno, M, Varga, P, McCall, I

“…When selecting phenotypes, a basic decision is whether to focus directly on the complex clinical phenotype (e.g. the clinical syndrome of spinal stenosis), which is ultimately of interest, or an intermediate phenotype (e.g. dural sac cross-sectional area). …”

Phenotypic modelling of the polyfunctional T cell response by Trendel, N

“…An overwhelming number of molecular components that are involved in the translation of the pMHC stimulus into an appropriate cytokine response have been identified, but a mechanistic understanding of how the quality of the pMHC stimulus, i.e. pMHC dose and affinity, determines the response phenotype is lacking. Here, reductionist T cell stimulation experiments were combined with a coarse-grained phenotypic modelling approach to identify prevailing modules that shape the phenotype of cytokine secretion in response to stimulation with pMHC. …”

Antimicrobial peptides in inflammatory phenotypes of COPD by Cane, J, Thulborn, S, Piper, S, Finch, D, Bafadhel, M

Behavioral phenotypes: conceptual and methodological issues. by Flint, J

“…Three issues are considered here: the problem of defining a behavioral phenotype, the difficulty of demonstrating the existence of a behavioral phenotype, and the likelihood of characterizing etiologically important genes. …”

Thymic dendritic cells: phenotype and function. by Fairchild, P, Austyn, J

“…Interdigitating (IDC) cells of the thymus have been characterized in situ by their ultrastructure and phenotype. Thymic dendritic cells (DC), thought to represent their in vitro correlate, resemble splenic DC in their ability to initiate peripheral T cell responses. …”

Growth and development fossils, phenotype and form by Dolan, L, Freeling, M

McLeod neuroacanthocytosis: genotype and phenotype. by Danek, A, Rubio, J, Rampoldi, L, Ho, M, Dobson-Stone, C, Tison, F, Symmans, W, Oechsner, M, Kalckreuth, W, Watt, J, Corbett, A, Hamdalla, H, Marshall, A, Sutton, I, Dotti, M, Malandrini, A, Walker, R, Daniels, G, Monaco, A

Alternative splicing and the evolution of phenotypic novelty. by Bush, S, Chen, L, Tovar-Corona, J, Urrutia, A

Genotype and phenotype relationships in neurodevelopmental disorders by Vrcelj, K

“…</p> <p>Secondly, to elucidate the vast phenotypic heterogeneity of NDDs, we conducted a systematic investigation of genotype and phenotype relationships in DD, ID and ASD. …”

Challenges and advances in measuring phenotypic convergence by Grossnickle, DM, Brightly, WH, Weaver, LN, Stanchak, KE, Roston, RA, Pevsner, SK, Stayton, CT, Polly, PD, Law, CJ

“…<p>Tests of phenotypic convergence can provide evidence of adaptive evolution, and the popularity of such studies has grown in recent years due to the development of novel, quantitative methods for identifying and measuring convergence. …”

Gastrointestinal phenotype of ATR-X syndrome. by Martucciello, G, Lombardi, L, Savasta, S, Gibbons, R

“…In this report we review the gastrointestinal phenotype of ATR-X syndrome in 128 cases. We also demonstrate that in two siblings, regurgitation was secondary to gastric pseudo-volvulus, a condition in which the stomach does not have a normal system of peritoneal ligaments and changes position with possible torsion around itself. …”

The bipolar phenotype: behavioural and neurobiological characteristics by Yip, S, Sarah Winsland Yip

“…In Studies 2-5 we explored the hypotheses of altered emotional decision-making, reward processing and neurostructural integrity as behavioral and neurobiological markers for vulnerability to bipolar disorder via the study of young adults with a common bipolar phenotype (BPP) - some of whom meet diagnostic criteria for bipolar II or not-otherwise-specified disorder (BD II/NOS). …”

Cluster analysis and clinical asthma phenotypes. by Haldar, P, Pavord, I, Shaw, D, Berry, M, Thomas, M, Brightling, C, Wardlaw, A, Green, R

“…CONCLUSIONS: Cluster analysis offers a novel multidimensional approach for identifying asthma phenotypes that exhibit differences in clinical response to treatment algorithms.…”

Phenotype standardization for statin-induced myotoxicity. by Alfirevic, A, Neely, D, Armitage, J, Chinoy, H, Cooper, R, Laaksonen, R, Carr, D, Bloch, K, Fahy, J, Hanson, A, Yue, Q, Wadelius, M, Maitland-van Der Zee, A, Voora, D, Psaty, B, Palmer, C, Pirmohamed, M

“…Research in this area has been hampered to some extent by the lack of standardized nomenclature and phenotypic definitions. We have used numerical and descriptive classifications and developed an algorithm to define statin-related myotoxicity phenotypes, including myalgia, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, and necrotizing autoimmune myopathy.…”

Disc degeneration-related clinical phenotypes. by Battié, M, Lazáry, A, Fairbank, J, Eisenstein, S, Heywood, C, Brayda-Bruno, M, Varga, P, McCall, I

“…When selecting phenotypes, a basic decision is whether to focus directly on the complex clinical phenotype (e.g. the clinical syndrome of spinal stenosis), which is ultimately of interest, or an intermediate phenotype (e.g. dural sac cross-sectional area). …”

Genotype and phenotype relationships in neurodevelopmental disorders by Vrcelj, K

“…</p> <p>Secondly, to elucidate the vast phenotypic heterogeneity of NDDs, we conducted a systematic investigation of genotype and phenotype relationships in DD, ID and ASD. …”

Probabilistic bias in genotype-phenotype maps by Dingle, K

“…We focus on examining <em>phenotypic bias</em> in GP maps, where some phenotypes have disproportionally large NSS as compared to others. …”

Methods to jointly analyze multiple phenotypes by Dahl, A

“…Multi-trait analyses are natural for biobanks and high-throughput phenotypic measurements like gene expression, medical images or metabolites.…”