Self-organized criticality in solar flares: a cellular automata approach by L. F. Morales, P. Charbonneau

“…The anisotropic lattice is defined as a network of vertically-connected nodes subjected to horizontal random displacements mimicking the kinks introduced by random motions of the photospheric footpoints of magnetic fieldlines forming a coronal loop. …”
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Possible Advantages of a Twin Spacecraft Heliospheric Mission at the Sun-Earth Lagrangian Points L4 and L5 by A. Bemporad

“…If these two spacecraft will be equipped with in situ instruments, and also remote sensing instruments measuring not only photospheric but also coronal magnetic fields, significant advancing will be possible. …”
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On Milne–Barbier–Unsöld relationships by Paletou Frédéric

“…This short review aims to clarify upon the origins of so-called Eddington-Barbier relationships, which relate the emergent specific intensity and the flux to the photospheric source function at specific optical depths. …”
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Thermohaline instability and rotation-induced mixing in low and intermediate mass stars: Consequences on global asteroseismic quantities by Ekström S., Decressin T., Charbonnel C., Eggenberger P., Lagarde N., Palacios A.

“…Thermohaline mixing has been recently identified as the probable dominating process that governs the photospheric composition of low-mass bright red giant stars. …”
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THE SPECTROSCOPY OF THE PULSATING CARBON STAR R Lep by L. Zacs, O. Alksnis

“…High-resolution CCD spectra were observed for two seasons. The heliocentric photospheric radial velocity was found to be +32.6 and +38.4 km s-1, respectively. …”
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The High-resolution Soft X-Ray Spectrum of Nova Delphini 2013 by Johon Milla, Frits Paerels

“…Superimposed on this photospheric spectrum, we detect the absorption spectrum of a shell of highly ionized gas, comprising absorption by the K-shell ions of C and N, blueshifted (outflowing) by ∼1400 km s ^−1 , and with a velocity width of ∼1000 km s ^−1 . …”
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Advancing Solar Magnetic Field Extrapolations through Multiheight Magnetic Field Measurements by Robert Jarolim, Benoit Tremblay, Matthias Rempel, Momchil Molnar, Astrid M. Veronig, Julia K. Thalmann, Tatiana Podladchikova

“…Nonlinear force-free extrapolations are a common approach to estimate the 3D topology of coronal magnetic fields based on photospheric vector magnetograms. The force-free assumption is a valid approximation at coronal heights, but for the dense plasma conditions in the lower atmosphere, this assumption is not satisfied. …”
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Two-sided Loop Solar Jet Driven by the Eruption of a Small Filament in a Big Filament Channel by Jiayan Yang, Hechao Chen, Junchao Hong, Bo Yang, Yi Bi

“…Therefore, we propose that the primary photospheric driver of the filament eruption and the associated two-sided loop jet in this event is flux cancellation rather than flux emergence.…”
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An Optically Thin View of the Solar Chromosphere from Observations of the O i 1355 Å Spectral Line by Mats Carlsson, Bart De Pontieu

“…The nonthermal broadening shows a modest but significant enhancement above locations that are in between photospheric magnetic flux concentrations in plage, i.e., where the magnetic field is likely to be more inclined with respect to the line of sight. …”
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Precise Radial Velocities Using Line Bisectors by Drake Deming, Joe Llama, Guangwei Fu

“…Our motivation is to determine whether changes in line shape due to magnetic modulation of photospheric convection can be separated from the 9 cm s ^−1 Doppler reflex of the Earth’s orbit. …”
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Topologically driven coronal dynamics – a mechanism for coronal hole jets by D. A. N. Müller, S. K. Antiochos

“…Bald patches are magnetic topologies in which the magnetic field is concave up over part of a photospheric polarity inversion line. A bald patch topology is believed to be the essential ingredient for filament channels and is often found in extrapolations of the observed photospheric field. …”
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Emission measures for the single giant beta Ceti by Sagesser, SN, Jordan, C

“…We present emission measures of the single giant beta Ceti derived from line fluxes obtained with the XMM-Newton instruments RGS1 and RGS2. Photospheric and coronal element abundances are discussed, as well as the FIP effect. …”

A Fundamental Mechanism of Solar Eruption Initiation in a Multipolar Magnetic Field by Xinkai Bian, Chaowei Jiang, Xueshang Feng, Pingbing Zuo, Yi Wang

“…Recently, we established a fundamental mechanism of solar eruption initiation in which an eruption can be initiated from a bipolar field through magnetic reconnection in the current sheet (CS) that is formed slowly in the core field as driven by photospheric shearing motion. Here, using a series of fully 3D MHD simulations with a range of different photospheric magnetic flux distributions, we extended this fundamental mechanism to the quadrupolar magnetic field containing a null point above the core field, which is the basic configuration of the classical breakout model. …”
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Evolution of Elemental Abundances in Hot Active Region Cores from Chandrayaan-2 XSM Observations by Biswajit Mondal, Santosh V. Vadawale, Giulio Del Zanna, N. P. S. Mithun, Aveek Sarkar, Helen E. Mason, P. Janardhan, Anil Bhardwaj

“…The first ionization potential (FIP) bias, whereby elemental abundances for low-FIP elements in different coronal structures vary from their photospheric values and may also vary with time, has been widely studied. …”
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Spectral and Jet Properties of the Quasi-thermal-dominated GRB 210121A, GRB 210610B, and GRB 221022B by Xin-Ying Song, Ling-Jun Wang, Shu Zhang

“…In this analysis, two QT radiation-dominated bursts with known emission properties (GRB 210610B, likely from a hybrid jet, and GRB 210121A, with a spectrum consistent with nondissipative photospheric emission from a pure hot fireball) are used to make a comparison between these two models. …”
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DEPRESSION IN THE CONTINUOUS SPECTRUM OF SOLAR RADIATION IN THE REGION 6500 − 8200˚A by O. M. Stelmakh, N. L. Tyshko

“…Based on the authors’ computations of cross-sections of the basic processes which form continuous absorption in the photospheres of solar-type stars, the spectral dependence of the solar radiation intensity in the continuous spectrum in the visible and infrared regions has been investigated. …”
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Stark Broadening of In III Lines in Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasma by Simić Z., Dimitrijević M. S., Kovačević A., Sahal-Bréchot S.

“…In the deeper layers of hot stellar photospheres the Stark widths of spectral lines can be comparable and even larger than the thermal Doppler widths. …”
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EVIDENCES FOR STRONG MIXED-POLARITY MAGNETIC FIELDS IN AREA OF A SEISMIC SOURCE ASSOCIATED WITH LARGE PROTON SOLAR FLARE by V. G. Lozitsky, E. A. Baranovsky, N. I. Lozitska, V. P. Tarashchuk

“…In general, it can be concluded that the necessary conditions for the reconnection of magnetic lines were fulfilled even at the photospheric level, rather than in the corona or chromosphere, as suggested by theoretical models of solar flares.…”
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Study on complex magnetic structure of solar eruptions by Chaowei Jiang

“…Alternatively, they can be used to analyze the specific role of photospheric motion in creating the magnetic flux rope and diagnose their instability. …”
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The subluminous and peculiar Type Ia supernova PTF09dav by Sullivan, M, Kasliwal, M, Nugent, P, Howell, D, Thomas, R, Ofek, E, Arcavi, I, Blake, S, Cooke, J, Gal-Yam, A, Hook, I, Mazzali, P, Podsiadlowski, P, Quimby, R, Bildsten, L, Bloom, J, Cenko, S, Kulkarni, SR, Law, N, Poznanski, D

“…Helium shell detonation or deflagration on the surface of a CO white dwarf can explain some of the features of PTF09dav, including the presence of Sc and the low photospheric velocities, but the observed Si and Mg are not predicted to be very abundant in these models. …”