The structure and evolution of the stratospheric vortex in response to natural forcings by Mitchell, D, Gray, L, Charlton-Perez, A

“…The analysis is performed by taking 2-D moments of vortex potential vorticity (PV) fields which allow the area and centroid of the vortex to be calculated throughout the ERA-40 reanalysis data set (1958-2002). …”

QUAGMIRE v1.3: a quasi-geostrophic model for investigating rotating fluids experiments by Williams, P, Haine, T, Read, P, Lewis, S, Yamazaki, Y

“…The flow is forced either by a differentially rotating lid, or by relaxation to specified streamfunction or potential vorticity fields, or both. Dissipation is achieved through Ekman layer pumping and suction at the horizontal boundaries, including the internal interface. …”

Emergent eddy saturation from an energy constrained eddy parameterisation by Mak, J, Marshall, D, Maddison, J, Bachman, S

“…It is shown that, when coupled to a simple parameterised eddy energy budget, the Gent–McWilliams eddy transfer coefficient of the form described in Marshall et al. (2012) [ A framework for parameterizing eddy potential vorticity fluxes , J. Phys. Oceanogr., vol. 42, 539–557], which includes a linear eddy energy dependence, produces eddy saturation as an emergent property.…”

Saturn's rotation period from its atmospheric planetary-wave configuration by Read, P, Dowling, T, Schubert, G

“…Here we report a determination of Saturn's rotation period based on an analysis of potential vorticity. The resulting reference frame (which we call System IIIw) rotates with a period of 10 h 34 min 13 20 s. …”

On the Use of Geometric Moments to Examine the Continuum of Sudden Stratospheric Warmings by Hannachi, A, Mitchell, D, Gray, L, Charlton-Perez, A

“…Using the gap statistic, three optimal clusters are obtained based on the three geometric moments considered here. The 850-K potential vorticity field, as well as the vertical profiles of polar temperature and zonal wind, provides evidence that the clusters represent, respectively, the undisturbed (U), displaced (D), and split (S) states of the polar vortex. …”

A new Rossby wave-breaking interpretation of the North Atlantic Oscillation by Woollings, T, Hoskins, B, Blackburn, M, Berrisford, P

“…Evidence is given to support this hypothesis by using a two-dimensional potential-vorticity-based index to identify wave breaking at various latitudes. …”

Dynamical processes related to cyclone development near Greenland by Ragnhild Bieltvedt Skeie, Jón Egill Kristjá nsson, Haraldur Ólafsson, Bjørn Røsting

“…Inversion of selected potential vorticity anomalies lends support to the above explanation. …”
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Mesoscale cyclogenesis over the western north Pacific Ocean during TPARC by Christopher A. Davis, Sarah C. Jones, Doris Anwender, Janina Badey, Leonhard Scheck

“…Upper-tropospheric potential vorticity anomalies modulated the vertical wind shear that, in turn, influenced the periods of cyclone intensification and weakening. …”
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Variable coefficient KdV equation with time-dependent variable coefficient topographic forcing term and atmospheric blocking by Juanjuan Ji, Lanfang Zhang, Longxue Wang, Shengping Wu, Lihua Zhang

“…By making use of multiple scale expansion and multiple level approximation method, a variable coefficient KdV equation with variable coefficient topographic forcing term is derived from barotropic and potential vorticity equation on a beta-plane including topography effect. …”
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Comparison of high-latitude line-of-sight ozone column density with derived ozone fields and the effects of horizontal inhomogeneity by W. H. Swartz, J.-H. Yee, C. E. Randall, R. E. Shetter, E. V. Browell, J. F. Burris, T. J. McGee, M. A. Avery

“…The comparison improves significantly (−2% bias; 8% rms error) using forward integrations of three-dimensional proxy ozone fields reconstructed from potential vorticity-O₃ correlations. The comparisons provide additional verification of the proxy fields and quantify the influence of large-scale ozone inhomogeneity. …”
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A new three dimensional dissipative Boussinesq equation for Rossby waves and its multiple soliton solutions by Liguo Chen, Feifei Gao, Linlin Li, Liangui Yang

“…In this paper, From the quasi-geostrophic barotropic potential vorticity equation, we obtain a three dimensional dissipative Boussinesq equation by the reduced perturbation method, i.e.utt+e1uxx+e2(u2)xx+e3utxy+e4uxxxx+e5uxxyy=0. …”
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MOVING FRAMES AND NOETHER’S CONSERVATION LAWS—THE GENERAL CASE by TÂNIA M. N. GONÇALVES, ELIZABETH L. MANSFIELD

“…This choice is motivated by applications to variational fluid problems which conserve potential vorticity. We also give the results for Lagrangians invariant under the standard linear action of SL(3) on the three independent variables.…”
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Balanced thermal structure of an intensifying tropical cyclone by David J. Raymond

“…An axisymmetric approximation to the observed potential vorticity distribution is inverted subject to non-linear balance for two successive days during the formation of typhoon Nuri in 2008. …”
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Finite-core quasi-geostrophic circular vortex arrays with a central vortex by Jean N. Reinaud

“…The vortex arrays consist of five or eight equal volume and equal uniform potential vorticity peripheral eddies whose center lies equally spaced along a circle and of a similar vortex at the center of the array. …”
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Deviations from a general nonlinear wind balance: Local and zonal-mean perspectives by Almut Gaßmann

“…This is due to the missing vertical eddy flux of Ertel's potential vorticity (EPV) in the TEM equations. The largest differences are to be found in the boundary layer, where the active wind exhibits typical pattern of Ekman dynamics. …”
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Air mass exchange across the polar vortex edge during a simulated major stratospheric warming by G. Günther, M. Dameris

“…Complex structures of the simulated polar vortex are illustrated by horizontal and vertical cross sections of potential vorticity and inert tracer. A three-dimensional view of the polar vortex enables a description of the vortex as a whole. …”
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The structure of the Persian Gulf outflow subjected to density variations by A. A. Bidokhti, M. Ezam

“…A simple dynamical model of the outflow based on potential vorticity conservation is used to find the horizontal extension of the outflow from the coast. …”
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Isentropic zonal average formalism and the near-surface circulation by Koh, Tieh Yong., Plumb, R. Alan.

“…Applying the extended formalism to a baroclinic wave model, we show that near-surface equatorward mean flow is driven by eastward surface form drag in isentropic coordinates, which in turn is related to poleward geostrophic potential temperature flux at the surface. A potential vorticity–potential temperature picture of extratropical general circulation dynamics above and within the surface zone is presented. …”
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Instability and Mesoscale Eddy Fluxes in an Idealized 3‐Layer Beaufort Gyre by Isachsen, PE, Vogt‐Vincent, NS, Johnson, HL, Nilsson, J

“…The focus of the analysis is on eddy potential vorticity (PV) fluxes and eddy‐mean flow interactions under the Transformed Eulerian Mean framework. …”

Eddy-mixing entropy and its maximization in forced-dissipative geostrophic turbulence by David, T, Zanna, L, Marshall, D

“…The maximum entropy potential vorticity statistics are calculated for the flow and are compared with numerical simulations. …”