Comparing the Effect of Multiple Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors on SSTR2 Expression and [¹¹¹In]In-DOTATATE Uptake in NET Cells by Maria J. Klomp, Simone U. Dalm, Peter M. van Koetsveld, Fadime Dogan, Marion de Jong, Leo J. Hofland

“…In addition to increasing SSTR2 expression levels, VPA enhanced the radiosensitivity of all cell lines. In conclusion, HDACi treatment increased SSTR2 expression, and radiosensitivity was also enhanced upon VPA treatment.…”
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The kinesin light chain‐2, a target of mRNA stabilizing protein HuR, inhibits p53 protein phosphorylation to promote radioresistance in NSCLC by Simiao Qiao, Yuhang Jiang, Na Li, Xiaoxia Zhu

“…KLC2 knockdown could activate P53 pathway, and ultimately promoting radiosensitivity. The mRNA of KLC2 was observed to bind with Hu‐antigen R (HuR). …”
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Assessing Radiation Effects on Chemo-Treated BT20 and 4T1 Breast Cancer, and Neuroblastoma Cell Lines: A Study of Single and Multiple-Cell Ionization via Infrared Laser Trapping by Mulugeta S. Goangul, Daniel B. Erenso, Ying Gao, Li Chen, Kwame O. Eshun, Gisela Alvarez, Horace T. Crogman

“…We assessed the effect of DMDD on BT20 cells’ radiosensitivity and conducted comparisons across these cell lines. …”
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Expression of ITGAV in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Its Relationship with Radioresistance by TANG Yuanhui, ZHU Shengming, CHAI Jingjing, HAN Jiahui, TIAN Chao, DENG Xingzhou, DUAN Qiwen

“…Conclusion Interfering with ITGAV expression can increase the radiosensitivity of NSCLC.…”
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De-escalated radiation for human papillomavirus virus-related oropharyngeal cancer: evolving paradigms and future strategies by Allen M. Chen

“…Data has emerged not only showing that these cancers are a unique entity with distinct molecular characteristics but that they also have a significantly improved prognosis as a result of their exquisite radiosensitivity compared to their HPV-negative counterparts. …”
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Farnesyltransferase inhibitors potentiate the antitumor effect of radiation on a human tumor xenograft expressing activated HRAS. by Cohen-Jonathan, E, Muschel, R, Gillies McKenna, W, Evans, S, Cerniglia, G, Mick, R, Kusewitt, D, Sebti, S, Hamilton, A, Oliff, A, Kohl, N, Gibbs, J, Bernhard, E

“…Successful radiosensitization requires that tumor cells become more radiosensitive without causing an equivalent reduction in the survival of cells of the surrounding normal tissues. …”

Characterization and mechanisms of radioresistant lung squamous cell carcinoma cell lines by Lifang Pan, Qiong Wu, Yuqing Wang, Shenglin Ma, Shirong Zhang

“…In vivo verification of decreased radiosensitivity of radioresistant cells Conclusions Radioresistant LUSC cell lines were established by fractional radiotherapy, which regulates IR‐induced DNA damage repair through ATM/CHK2 and DNA‐PKcs/Ku70. …”
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A Non-Cell-Autonomous Mode of DNA Damage Response in Soma of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> by Zhangyu Dai, Wenjing Zhang, Mengke Shang, Huangqi Tang, Lijun Wu, Yuejin Wu, Ting Wang, Po Bian

“…Here, we mainly investigate the effect of DDR activation on the radiosensitivity of vulva of <i>C. elegans</i>, and first found that the vulval radiosensitivity is mainly regulated by somatic DDR, rather than the DDR of germline. …”
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Telomere-binding protein TPP1 modulates telomere homeostasis and confers radioresistance to human colorectal cancer cells. by Lei Yang, Wenbo Wang, Liu Hu, Xiaoxi Yang, Juan Zhong, Zheng Li, Hui Yang, Han Lei, Haijun Yu, ZhengKai Liao, Fuxiang Zhou, Conghua Xie, Yunfeng Zhou

“…Moreover, TPP1 overexpression showed lengthened telomere length and a significant decrease of radiosensitivity to X-rays. TPP1 mediated radioresistance was correlated with a decreased apoptosis rate after IR exposure. …”
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Phenotypic consequences of somatic mutations in the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated gene in non-small cell lung cancer by Weber, A, Drobnitzky, N, Devery, A, Bokobza, S, Adams, R, Maughan, T, Ryan, A

“…In these two cell lines, the missense mutations caused a significant reduction in ATM protein levels, impairment of ATM signalling and marked radiosensitivity. Of note, only cell lines with homozygous mutations in the ATM gene showed significant impairment of ATM function. …”

HPV-positive murine oral squamous cell carcinoma: development and characterization of a new mouse tumor model for immunological studies by Ziva Modic, Maja Cemazar, Bostjan Markelc, Andrej Cör, Gregor Sersa, Simona Kranjc Brezar, Tanja Jesenko

“…Conclusions In conclusion, we developed and characterized a novel immunocompetent mouse model of HPV-positive OSCC that exhibits increased radiosensitivity and enables studies of immune-based treatment approaches in HPV-positive OSCC.…”
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Retracted: Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 promotes the stemness of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by enhancing YAP transcriptional activity by Qi Yao, Jun Yang, Ting Liu, Jianjiang Zhang, Yibo Zheng

“…Notably, knockdown of MALAT1 enhanced the radiosensitivity and chemosensitivity of ESCC cells. We also established that MALAT1 binds directly to Yes‐associated protein (YAP), thereby enhancing YAP protein expression and increasing YAP transcriptional activity. …”
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Specific inhibition of carbonic anhydrase IX activity enhances the in vivo therapeutic effect of tumor irradiation. by Dubois, L, Peeters, S, Lieuwes, N, Geusens, N, Thiry, A, Wigfield, S, Carta, F, McIntyre, A, Scozzafava, A, Dogné, J, Supuran, C, Harris, A, Masereel, B, Lambin, P

“…CAIX inhibition in vitro significantly reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis upon hypoxia exposure without affecting intrinsic radiosensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: Specific inhibition of CAIX activity enhanced the effect of tumor irradiation and might, therefore, be an attractive strategy to improve overall cancer treatment.…”

p97/VCP regulates MRE11-dependent DNA and resection and alters cellular toxicity of ionising radiation by Kilgas, S

“…Inactivation of p97 blocks MRN complex disassembly from chromatin and sites of DNA damage upon IR, which results in excessive MRE11-mediated DNA end resection, leading to defective error-free homologous recombination (HR) and upregulation of the mutagenic single-strand annealing (SSA) pathway, resulting in cancer cell radiosensitivity. Mechanistically, p97 inhibition causes radiosensitivity through MRE11 nuclease accumulation, and cancer cell survival after IR is rescued when MRE11 is inactivated in combination with p97 inhibition. …”

Nucleoporin 54 contributes to Homologous recombination repair and post-replicative DNA integrity by Rodriguez-Berriguete, G, Granata, G, Puliyadi, R, Tiwana, G, Prevo, R, Wilson, R, Yu, S, Buffa, F, Humphrey, T, McKenna, W, Higgins, G

“…In this study, using a high-throughput siRNA screen, we identified the central channel NPC protein Nup54, and concomitantly its molecular partners Nup62 and Nup58, as novel factors implicated in radiosensitivity. Nup54 depletion caused an increase in cell death by mitotic catastrophe after IR, and specifically enhanced both the duration of the G2 arrest and the radiosensitivity of cells that contained replicated DNA at the time of IR exposure. …”

Role of gene signatures combined with pathology in classification of oropharynx head and neck cancer by Dhawan, A, Scott, J, Sundaresan, P, Veness, M, Porceddu, S, Hau, E, Harris, AL, Buffa, FM, Gee, HE

“…Literature review identified 16 mRNA gene expression signatures of radiosensitivity, HPV status, tumour hypoxia, and microsatellite instability. …”

Cancer Stem Cells and Glioblastoma: Time for Innovative Biomarkers of Radio-Resistance? by Francesco Pasqualetti, Mario Miniati, Alessandra Gonnelli, Giovanni Gadducci, Noemi Giannini, Laura Palagini, Maricia Mancino, Taiusha Fuentes, Fabiola Paiar

“…In this review, we will examine the radiosensitivity of stem cells. Moreover, we summarize the current knowledge of the biomarkers of stemness and evaluate their potential function in the study of radiosensitivity.…”
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Tumor Microenvironment as a Regulator of Radiation Therapy: New Insights into Stromal-Mediated Radioresistance by Varintra E. Krisnawan, Jennifer A. Stanley, Julie K. Schwarz, David G. DeNardo

“…Detailed knowledge of these interactions will help build a preclinical rationale to support the use of stromal-targeting agents in combination with radiotherapy to increase radiosensitivity.…”
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The biological characterisation of triple negative breast cancer in cyclic hypoxia by Simpson, C

“…Cyclic hypoxia exposed TNBC showed decreased radiosensitivity comparative to 2% O2, which we attribute to the S-phase accumulation. …”

Targeting PDK and PARP to improve radiation response in preclinical models of non-small cell lung cancer by Verbiest, T

“…The combination of PDK1 inhibitors with radiation did not increase the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cell lines, irrespective of the TP53 status. …”