Cell Signaling Pathways That Promote Radioresistance of Cancer Cells by Michel M. Ouellette, Sumin Zhou, Ying Yan

“…Thus, targeting these prosurvival signaling pathways could potentially improve the radiosensitivity of cancer cells. In this review, we summarize the contribution of these pathways to the radioresistance of cancer cells.…”
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An Approach to Elucidate NBS1 Function in DNA Repair Using Frequent Nonsynonymous Polymorphism in Wild Medaka (Oryzias latipes) Populations. by Kento Igarashi, Junya Kobayashi, Takafumi Katsumura, Yusuke Urushihara, Kyohei Hida, Tomomi Watanabe-Asaka, Hiroki Oota, Shoji Oda, Hiroshi Mitani

“…Nbs1 is one of the genes responsible for Nijmegen breakage syndrome, which is marked with high radiosensitivity. In human NBS1 (hNBS1), Q185E polymorphism is known as the factor to cancer risks, although its DSB repair defect has not been addressed. …”
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Radiotherapy plus CAR-T cell therapy to date: A note for cautions optimism? by Tian Huan, Tian Huan, Hongbo Li, Bin Tang

“…Factors such as hypoxia, the radiosensitivity of immune cells, and cancer stem cells (CSCs) all come into play in influencing the significant impact of radioresistance in the irradiated tumor microenvironment (TME). …”
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Parp Inhibitors and Radiotherapy: A New Combination for Prostate Cancer (Systematic Review) by Inés Rivero Belenchón, Carmen Belen Congregado Ruiz, Carmen Saez, Ignacio Osman García, Rafael Antonio Medina López

“…PARPi, in combination with ionizing radiation, has demonstrated the ability to enhance cellular radiosensitivity in different tumors. The rationale is that the exposure to radiation leads to both physical and biochemical damage to DNA, prompting cells to initiate three primary mechanisms for DNA repair. …”
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The Chromatin Architectural Protein CTCF Is Critical for Cell Survival upon Irradiation-Induced DNA Damage by Stefania Mamberti, Maruthi K. Pabba, Alexander Rapp, M. Cristina Cardoso, Michael Scholz

“…We demonstrate that the radiosensitivity of different cell lines is increased upon lowering the amount of the architectural protein. …”
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Brusatol modulates diverse cancer hallmarks and signaling pathways as a potential cancer therapeutic by Song-Bin Guo, Wei-Juan Huang, Xiao-Peng Tian

“…Extensive studies have indicated that brusatol exhibits anticancer effects by arresting the cell cycle; promoting apoptosis; inducing autophagy; attenuating epithelial-mesenchymal transition; inhibiting migration, invasion and angiogenesis; and increasing chemosensitivity and radiosensitivity. These effects involve various oncogenic signaling pathways, including the MAPK, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT and Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathways. …”
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Radiobiological Evaluation of Combined Gamma Knife Radiosurgery and Hyperthermia for Pediatric Neuro-Oncology by Morteza Ghaderi Aram, Massimiliano Zanoli, Håkan Nordström, Iuliana Toma-Dasu, Klas Blomgren, Hana Dobšíček Trefná

“…We explore the potential of such treatment enhancement via radiobiological modelling, specifically via the linear-quadratic (LQ) model adapted to thermoradiotherapy through modulating the radiosensitivity of temperature-dependent parameters. We extend this well-established model by incorporating oxygenation effects. …”
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Curcumin enhances the radio-sensitivity of prostate cancer cell line PC-3 by CHENG Ji, FU Guo, ZHAO Hua-cai, WANG Zhi-gang, GAO Dan, DONG Qing-chuan

“…Conclusions Curcumin has a certain radiosensitizing effect in vitro, which potentially strengthen the inhibitory effect of radiotherapy on the growth of prostate cancer PC-3 cells.…”
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Gene expression profiling of human dermal fibroblasts exposed to bleomycin sulphate does not differentiate between radiation sensitive and control patients by Borresen-Dale Anne-Lise, Sahlberg Kristine, Westbury Charlotte B, Isacke Clare M, Yarnold John R

“…<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Gene expression profiling of the transcriptional response of human dermal fibroblasts to <it>in vitro </it>radiation has shown promise as a predictive test of radiosensitivity. This study tested if treatment with the radiomimetic drug bleomycin sulphate could be used to differentiate radiation sensitive patients and controls in patients who had previously received radiotherapy for early breast cancer.…”
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Radiation sensitization by inhibition of activated Ras. by Brunner, T, Hahn, S, Mckenna, W, Bernhard, E

“…Clonogenic assays with human and rodent tumor cell lines served for testing radiosensitivity. In vivo, farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) and irradiation were used to treat xenograft tumors. …”

Novel approaches to targeting ATM-deficient tumours by Harris, LE

“…Germline mutations in ATM give rise to ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T), a genome instability syndrome characterised by progressive neurodegeneration, profound radiosensitivity and susceptibility to cancer.</p> <p>The role of ATM in the DNA damage response (DDR) to irradiation and irinotecan treatment was evaluated using both ATM-deficient cell lines and mice, and by using pharmacological inhibition of ATM.…”

Revisiting the ultra-high dose rate effect: implications for charged particle radiotherapy using protons and light ions. by Wilson, P, Jones, B, Yokoi, T, Hill, M, Vojnovic, B

“…RESULTS: The literature findings were that, for X-ray and electron dose rates of around 10(9) Gy s(-1), 5-10 Gy depletes cellular oxygen, significantly changing the radiosensitivity of cells already in low oxygen tension (around 3 mmHg or 0.4 kPa). …”

Hypoxia-activated tumor pathways of angiogenesis and pH regulation independent of anemia in head-and-neck cancer. by Koukourakis, M, Giatromanolaki, A, Sivridis, E, Pastorek, J, Karapantzos, I, Gatter, K, Harris, A

“…Furthermore, the ability of tumors to upregulate hypoxia-regulated molecular pathways may affect radiosensitivity by mechanisms independent of the traditional concept of "oxygen effect." …”

The effects of 1-131 on different types of cancer Cell lines by Yusoff, Nik Nur Nadiah Nik

“…The findings of this study suggest that the cellular uptake of 1-131, cells viability and proliferation were highly dependent on cells metabolism, mitotic rate, occurrence of apoptosis, doubling time, cells radiosensitivity, and so on with consideration of some limitations.…”
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Circular RNA circEYA3 promotes the radiation resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma via the IGF2BP2/DTX3L axis by Pan Hu, Letao Lin, Tao Huang, Zhenyu Li, Meigui Xiao, Huanqing Guo, Guanyu Chen, Dengyao Liu, Miaola Ke, Hongbo Shan, Fujun Zhang, Yanling Zhang

“…Results CircEYA3 decreased the radiosensitivity of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. …”
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The CD44high Subpopulation of Multifraction Irradiation-Surviving NSCLC Cells Exhibits Partial EMT-Program Activation and DNA Damage Response Depending on Their p53 Status by Margarita Pustovalova, Lina Alhaddad, Taisia Blokhina, Nadezhda Smetanina, Anna Chigasova, Roman Chuprov-Netochin, Petr Eremin, Ilmira Gilmutdinova, Andreyan N. Osipov, Sergey Leonov

“…Our data indicated that autophagy is not necessarily associated with CSC-like cells’ radiosensitivity, emphasizing that careful assessment of other milestone processes (such as senescence and autophagy-p53-Zeb1 axis) of primary radiation responses may provide new potential targets modulated for therapeutic benefit through radiosensitizing cancer cells while rescuing normal tissue. …”
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Turfgrass varietal improvement for shade and drought tolerance using gamma ray irradiation by Baharun Azahar, Mohd Abdul Halim

“…The optimum dosage was calculated based on 50% radiosensitivity tests on survival rate and plant height. …”
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Unraveling Mitochondrial Determinants of Tumor Response to Radiation Therapy by Mattia Zaffaroni, Maria Giulia Vincini, Giulia Corrao, Giulia Marvaso, Matteo Pepa, Giuseppe Viglietto, Nicola Amodio, Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa

“…We focused on recent findings pointing to a major role of mitochondria in response to radiotherapy, along with their implication in the mechanisms underlying radioresistance and radiosensitivity, and briefly summarized some of the recently proposed mitochondria-targeting strategies to overcome the radioresistant phenotype in cancer.…”
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Applications of Nonlinear Programming to the Optimization of Fractionated Protocols in Cancer Radiotherapy by Alessandro Bertuzzi, Federica Conte, Federico Papa, Carmela Sinisgalli

“…After establishing the boundedness of the optimal number of fractions, we investigate by numerical simulation the optimal solution behavior for experimentally meaningful parameter ranges, recognizing the crucial role of some parameters, such as the radiosensitivity ratio, in determining the optimality of hypo- or equi-fractionated treatments. …”
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The 6th R of Radiobiology: Reactivation of Anti-Tumor Immune Response by Jihane Boustani, Mathieu Grapin, Pierre-Antoine Laurent, Lionel Apetoh, Céline Mirjolet

“…These 5Rs are: Repair, Redistribution, Reoxygenation, Repopulation and, more recently, intrinsic Radiosensitivity. Advances in radiobiology have demonstrated that RT is able to modify the tumor micro environment (TME) and to induce a local and systemic (abscopal effect) immune response. …”
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