Portrait of the Inflammatory Response to Radioiodine Therapy in Female Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer with/without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Adina Elena Stanciu, Anca Hurduc, Marcel Marian Stanciu, Mirela Gherghe, Dan Cristian Gheorghe, Virgiliu Mihail Prunoiu, Adina Zamfir-Chiru-Anton

“…The explanation could lie in the different radiosensitivity of T and B lymphocytes, with T lymphocytes being predominant in patients with DTC/−T2DM and, most likely, B lymphocytes being predominant in T2DM.…”
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AZD1775 and anti-PD-1 antibody synergistically sensitize hepatoma to radiotherapy by Yichun Yin, Jian Wang, Junxuan Yi, Kaiyue Zhang, Zimeng Yin, Shunzi Jin, Baisong Zheng, Yanjie Yin

“…This study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of Wee1 inhibitor AZD1775 and anti-PD-1 antibody (anti-PD-1 Ab) on radiosensitization of hepatoma. Methods:. The anti-tumor activity of AZD1775 and IR was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on human and mouse hepatoma cells HepG2, Hepa1-6, and H22. …”
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Moving the Needle Forward in Genomically-Guided Precision Radiation Treatment by Andrew Tam, Benjamin D. Mercier, Reeny M. Thomas, Eemon Tizpa, Irene G. Wong, Juncong Shi, Rishabh Garg, Heather Hampel, Stacy W. Gray, Terence Williams, Jose G. Bazan, Yun R. Li

“…Here, we review existing evidence from laboratory, pre-clinical, and clinical studies with regard to how genetic alterations may affect radiosensitivity. We also summarize recent data from clinical trials and explore potential future directions to utilize genetic data to support clinical decision-making in developing a pathway toward personalized RT.…”
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SBRT for Localized Prostate Cancer: CyberKnife vs. VMAT-FFF, a Dosimetric Study by Marcello Serra, Fortuna De Martino, Federica Savino, Valentina D’Alesio, Cecilia Arrichiello, Maria Quarto, Filomena Loffredo, Rossella Di Franco, Valentina Borzillo, Matteo Muto, Gianluca Ametrano, Paolo Muto

“…The hypo-fractionated regimen allows the administration of high doses of radiation in a small number of fractions; such a fractionation is possible by exploiting the different intrinsic prostate radiosensitivity compared with the surrounding healthy tissues. …”
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A comparison of pediatric and adult CT organ dose estimation methods by Yiming Gao, Brian Quinn, Usman Mahmood, Daniel Long, Yusuf Erdi, Jean St. Germain, Neeta Pandit-Taskar, X. George Xu, Wesley E. Bolch, Lawrence T. Dauer

“…Children are considered to be at higher risk of developing radiation-induced tumors due to the young age of exposure and increased tissue radiosensitivity. Organ dose estimation is essential for pediatric and adult patient cancer risk assessment. …”
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PARP Theranostic Auger Emitters Are Cytotoxic in BRCA Mutant Ovarian Cancer and Viable Tumors from Ovarian Cancer Patients Enable Ex-Vivo Screening of Tumor Response by Aladdin Riad, Sarah B. Gitto, Hwan Lee, Harrison D. Winters, Paul M. Martorano, Chia-Ju Hsieh, Kuiying Xu, Dalia K. Omran, Daniel J. Powell, Robert H. Mach, Mehran Makvandi

“…Furthermore, we demonstrated that viable tumor tissue from ovarian cancer patients can be used to screen tumor radiosensitivity ex-vivo, enabling the direct assessment of therapeutic efficacy. …”
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Metabolomic Signatures Associated with Radiation-Induced Lung Injury by Correlating Lung Tissue to Plasma in a Rat Model by Liming Gu, Wenli Wang, Yifeng Gu, Jianping Cao, Chang Wang

“…The lung has raised significant concerns because of its radiosensitivity. Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) has a serious impact on the quality of patients’ lives and limits the effect of radiotherapy on chest tumors. …”
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Overexpression of HMGA1 confers radioresistance by transactivating RAD51 in cholangiocarcinoma by Jianping Song, Donghai Cui, Jing Wang, Junchao Qin, Shourong Wang, Zixiang Wang, Xiangyu Zhai, Huan Ma, Delin Ma, Yanfeng Liu, Bin Jin, Zhaojian Liu

“…Notably, overexpression of HMGA1 promotes radioresistance whereas its knockdown causes radiosensitivity of CCA cells to X-ray irradiation. Moreover, rescue experiments reveal that inhibition of RAD51 reverses the effect of HMGA1 on radioresistance and proliferation/invasion. …”
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Radiobiological Meta-Analysis of the Response of Prostate Cancer to Different Fractionations: Evaluation of the Linear–Quadratic Response at Large Doses and the Effect of Risk and... by Juan Pardo-Montero, Isabel González-Crespo, Antonio Gómez-Caamaño, Araceli Gago-Arias

“…These data were fit to tumour control probability models based on the LQ model, linear–quadratic–linear (LQL) model, and a modification of the LQ (LQ<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mi>mod</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>) model accounting for increasing radiosensitivity at large doses. Fits were performed with the maximum likelihood expectation methodology, and the Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used to compare the models. …”
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Long noncoding RNA BBOX1-AS1 increased radiotherapy sensitivity in colorectal cancer by stabilizing and activating PFK1 by Qi Wang, Xiao-Fei Li, Ying-Hui Zhou, Xiang-Hong Qin, Li-Hui Wang, Meng-Qing Xiao, Ke Cao, John K. Ma, Cheng-Hui Huang

“…Purpose: Our study explored the effect of long noncoding RNA BBOX1-AS1 on colorectal cancer (CRC) radiosensitivity in vivo and in vitro. Methods: Differentially expressed lncRNAs in CRC were screened using a bioinformatics database and an online prediction website. …”
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miR-551a and miR-551b-3p target GLIPR2 and promote tumor growth in high-risk head and neck cancer by modulating autophagy by Narasimha Kumar Karanam, Lianghao Ding, Dat T. Vo, Uma Giri, John S. Yordy, Michael D. Story

“…In addition, overexpression of miR-551a and miR-551b-3p increased radioresistance while GLIPR2 overexpression increased the radiosensitivity of HNSCC cell lines. These results propose that the miR-551a, miR-551b-3p and GLIPR2 axis plays an important role in tumor growth, invasion and metastasis, at least in part by modulating autophagy and that the proliferative and pro-survival roles of miR-551a and miR-551b-3p may represent potential therapeutic targets by inhibiting autophagy through the regulation of GLIPR2 expression in HNSCC.…”
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Critical research gaps and translational priorities for the successful prevention and treatment of breast cancer. by Eccles, SA, Aboagye, E, Ali, S, Anderson, A, Armes, J, Berditchevski, F, Blaydes, J, Brennan, K, Brown, N, Bryant, H, Bundred, N, Burchell, J, Campbell, A, Carroll, J, Clarke, R, Coles, C, Cook, G, Cox, A, Curtin, N, Dekker, L, Silva, I, Duffy, S, Easton, D, Eccles, D, Edwards, DR, Edwards, J, Evans, D, Fenlon, D, Flanagan, J, Foster, C, Gallagher, WM, Garcia-Closas, M, Gee, J, Gescher, A, Goh, V, Groves, A, Harvey, A, Harvie, M, Hennessy, B, Hiscox, S, Holen, I, Howell, S, Howell, A, Hubbard, G, Hulbert-Williams, N, Hunter, MS, Jasani, B, Jones, L, Key, T, Kirwan, C, Kong, A, Kunkler, I, Langdon, S, Leach, M, Mann, D, Marshall, J, Martin, L, Martin, S, Macdougall, J, Miles, D, Miller, W, Morris, JR, Moss, S, Mullan, P, Natrajan, R, O'Connor, J, O'Connor, R, Palmieri, C, Pharoah, P, Rakha, E, Reed, E, Robinson, S, Sahai, E, Saxton, J, Schmid, P, Smalley, M, Speirs, V, Stein, R, Stingl, J, Streuli, C, Tutt, A, Velikova, G, Walker, R, Watson, C, Williams, K, Young, L, Thompson, A

“…RESULTS: The 10 major gaps identified were: (1) understanding the functions and contextual interactions of genetic and epigenetic changes in normal breast development and during malignant transformation; (2) how to implement sustainable lifestyle changes (diet, exercise and weight) and chemopreventive strategies; (3) the need for tailored screening approaches including clinically actionable tests; (4) enhancing knowledge of molecular drivers behind breast cancer subtypes, progression and metastasis; (5) understanding the molecular mechanisms of tumour heterogeneity, dormancy, de novo or acquired resistance and how to target key nodes in these dynamic processes; (6) developing validated markers for chemosensitivity and radiosensitivity; (7) understanding the optimal duration, sequencing and rational combinations of treatment for improved personalised therapy; (8) validating multimodality imaging biomarkers for minimally invasive diagnosis and monitoring of responses in primary and metastatic disease; (9) developing interventions and support to improve the survivorship experience; (10) a continuing need for clinical material for translational research derived from normal breast, blood, primary, relapsed, metastatic and drug-resistant cancers with expert bioinformatics support to maximise its utility. …”

Dietary fibre manipulation as a potential endogenous mechanism of radiosensitisation in bladder cancer by Then, CK

“…Bacterial supernatants of BA+FP increased DNA damage and delayed DNA repair following 2 Gy IR (P<0.05) and increased radiosensitivity of bladder tumour cells (P=0.008 at 8 Gy). …”

Investigation and validation of the functional role of sMEK1 acetylation in DNA damage repair and HDACi-mediated radiosensitisation by Yeo, X

“…Downregulating endogenous sMEK1 in the cells via siRNA transfection not only resulted in an increase in radiosensitivity, but also a delay in the induction of the DDR, as indicated by a slower γH2AX signal intensity achieved at 2 hours. …”

A Review and Comparative Analysis of Transoral Surgical Treatment versus Conservative Management in Early-Stage Oropharyngeal Cancer by Simona Andreea Rujan, Serban Vifor Gabriel Bertesteanu, Raluca Grigore, Bogdan Popescu, Mihnea Condeescu-Cojocarita, Nicolaescu Alexandru, Gloria Simona Bertesteanu, Teodora Elena Schipor-Diaconu, Anca Ionela Cirstea, Mihai Dumitru Tudosie, Irina-Doinita Popescu, Bianca Petra Taher

“…Additionally, in the realm of specialized literature, cases of HPV-positive oropharyngeal neoplasms are recognized for their heightened radiosensitivity and more favorable long-term prognosis. …”
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Validation and Comparison of the Therapeutic Efficacy of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Mediated By Boron-Rich Liposomes in Multiple Murine Tumor Models by Charles A Maitz, Aslam A Khan, Peter J Kueffer, John D Brockman, Jonathan Dixson, Satish S Jalisatgi, David W Nigg, Thomas A Everett, M Frederick Hawthorne

“…The slope of the dose response curve of CT26 colon carcinoma tumors is 1.05 times tumor growth delay per Gy compared to 0.09 times tumor growth delay per Gy for EMT6 tumors, indicating that inherent radiosensitivity of tumors plays a role in boron neutron capture therapy and should be considered in the development of clinical applications of BNCT in animals and man.…”
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CDKL1 potentiates the antitumor efficacy of radioimmunotherapy by binding to transcription factor YBX1 and blocking PD-L1 expression in lung cancer by Zixuan Li, Huichan Xue, Jinsong Li, Zhikun Zheng, Zhiwei Liu, Xiaorong Dong, Hongbo Wang, Jing Chen, Shuangbing Xu

“…Methods The tumorigenic roles of CDKL1 were assessed via cell growth, colony formation, and EdU assays and an in vivo nude mouse xenograft model. The in vitro radiosensitization effect of CDKL1 was evaluated using a neutral comet assay, γH2AX foci formation analysis, and a clonogenic cell survival assay. …”
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IR-Surviving NSCLC Cells Exhibit Different Patterns of Molecular and Cellular Reactions Relating to the Multifraction Irradiation Regimen and p53-Family Proteins Expression by Lina Alhaddad, Margarita Pustovalova, Taisia Blokhina, Roman Chuprov-Netochin, Andreyan N. Osipov, Sergey Leonov

“…The observed changes regarding radiosensitivity, transformation, proliferation, metabolic activity, partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program activation and 1D confined migratory behavior (wound healing). …”
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Sensitization of chondrosarcoma cells with PARP inhibitor and high-LET radiation by Mathieu Césaire, Utpal Ghosh, Jean-Baptiste Austry, Etienne Muller, Francesco Paolo Cammarata, Marilyne Guillamin, Massimo Caruso, Laurent Castéra, Giada Petringa, Giuseppe Antonio Pablo Cirrone, François Chevalier

“…This study demonstrates the capacity of the PARP inhibitor Olaparib to radiosensitize mutated chondrosarcoma cells to conventional photon irradiation, proton and carbon ion irradiation. …”
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SPATA2 suppresses epithelial‐mesenchymal transition to inhibit metastasis and radiotherapy sensitivity in non–small cell lung cancer via impairing DVL1/β‐catenin signaling by Hongbo Ji, Lu Zhang, Man Zou, Yanchen Sun, Xiaohan Dong, Zeyun Mi, Maobin Meng, Zhiyong Yuan, Zhiqiang Wu

“…Functional studies proved that ectopic overexpression of SPATA2 inhibited EMT resulting in impaired motility and invasiveness properties in vitro and metastasis in vivo, and increased radiosensitivity in NSCLC. Mechanistic investigation showed that SPATA2 could suppress the β‐catenin signaling via attenuating DVL1 ubiquitination to achieve the functions. …”
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