Cernunnos defect in an Iranian patient with T− B+ NK+ severe combined immunodeficiency: A case report and review of the literature by Mahnaz Jamee, Nasrin Khakbazan Fard, Shahrzad Fallah, Zahra Golchehre, Mazdak Fallahi, Bibi Shahin Shamsian, Samin Sharafian, Zahra Chavoshzadeh

“…Abstract Background Defective Cernunnos gene in nonhomologous end‐joining (NHEJ) pathway of the DNA repair is responsible for radiosensitive severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). …”
Get full text

Monte Carlo simulation of physical dose enhancement in core-shell magnetic gold nanoparticles with TOPAS by Xiaohan Xu, Xiaohan Xu, Jianan Wu, Jianan Wu, Zhitao Dai, Rui Hu, Yaoqin Xie, Luhua Wang, Luhua Wang

“…The Fe3O4@AuNPs were proved as an effective sensitization materials when combined with the magnetic field in MC simulation for the first time, which contributes to the research on in vitro tests on radiosensitization as well as clinical research in future.…”
Get full text

Gut microbiota modulate radiotherapy-associated antitumor immune responses against hepatocellular carcinoma Via STING signaling by Zongjuan Li, Yang Zhang, Weifeng Hong, Biao Wang, Yixing Chen, Ping Yang, Jian Zhou, Jia Fan, Zhaochong Zeng, Shisuo Du

“…Our study highlights the therapeutic potential of modulating the gut microbiome in HCC patients receiving RT and provides a new strategy for the radiosensitization of liver cancer.…”
Get full text

Effects of Ultrafine Single-Nanometer Oxygen Bubbles on Radiation Sensitivity in a Tumor-Bearing Mouse Model by Navchaa Gombodorj, Takehiko Yokobori, Nobutoshi Mutsuki, Bilguun Erkhem-Ochir, Haruka Okami, Takayuki Asao, Hiroshi Saeki, Ken Shirabe, Dai Yamanouchi

“…This study aimed to elucidate whether NBO₂ water could act as a radiosensitizer via regulation of HIF-1α in a tumor-bearing mouse model. …”
Get full text

Octahedral Molybdenum Cluster-Based Nanomaterials for Potential Photodynamic Therapy by Marina Rodrigues Tavares, Kaplan Kirakci, Nikolay Kotov, Michal Pechar, Kamil Lang, Robert Pola, Tomáš Etrych

“…Photo/radiosensitizers, such as octahedral molybdenum clusters (Mo₆), have been intensively studied for photodynamic applications to treat various diseases. …”
Get full text

Target Definition in MR-Guided Adaptive Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer by Mischa de Ridder, Cornelis P. J. Raaijmakers, Frank A. Pameijer, Remco de Bree, Floris C. J. Reinders, Patricia A. H. Doornaert, Chris H. J. Terhaard, Marielle E. P. Philippens

“…Because of the close proximity of target areas and radiosensitive organs at risk (OARs) during HNSCC treatment, MRgRT could provide a more accurate treatment in which OARs receive less radiation dose. …”
Get full text

CRISPR-Cas9 Screen Identifies DYRK1A as a Target for Radiotherapy Sensitization in Pancreatic Cancer by Bin Lan, Siyuan Zeng, Shuman Zhang, Xiaofan Ren, Yuming Xing, Isabella Kutschick, Susanne Pfeffer, Benjamin Frey, Nathalie Britzen-Laurent, Robert Grützmann, Nils Cordes, Christian Pilarsky

“…Our results support the use of CRISPR-Cas9 screening to identify new therapeutic targets, develop radiosensitizers, and provide novel strategies for overcoming the tolerance of pancreatic cancer to radiotherapy.…”
Get full text

Transient Vasodilation in Mouse 4T1 Tumors after Intragastric and Intravenous Administration of Gold Nanoparticles by Kamil Brzoska, Małgorzata Szczygiel, Agnieszka Drzał, Martyna Sniegocka, Dominika Michalczyk-Wetula, Eva Biela, Martyna Elas, Lucyna Kapka-Skrzypczak, Hanna Lewandowska-Siwkiewicz, Krystyna Urbańska, Marcin Kruszewski

“…Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are foreseen as a promising tool in nanomedicine, both as drug carriers and radiosensitizers. They have been also proposed as a potential anticancer drug due to the anti-angiogenic effect in tumor tissue. …”
Get full text

Erb‐(IL10)2 induces abscopal antitumor effects of radiotherapy through the activation and recruitment of lymph node CD8+ T cells by Yimin Yao, Ziwei Qi, Qingqing Zhu, Qi Zhao, Zheng Zhang, Shilong Fu, Liyao Zhou, Jiaxing Zhu, Zhenhua Liu, Haiyan Xu, Yuhui Huang, Jiao Xue, Songbing Qin

“…Conclusion This study provides evidence for the radiosensitive role of Erb‐(IL10)2 in the B16‐EGFR‐OVA tumor model. …”
Get full text

Nanotechnology-based radiation therapy to cure cancer and the challenges in its clinical applications by Muhammad Arif, Ayesha Fazal Nawaz, Shahid Ullah khan, Hasnat Mueen, Fizza Rashid, Hassan A. Hemeg, Abdur Rauf

“…Potential applications of nanoparticles as radiosensitizers is hindered by the difficulties associated with ensuring their production at a large scale with improved characterizations and because of certain biological challenges. …”
Get full text

Proton and Heavy Particle Intracranial Radiosurgery by Eric J. Lehrer, Arpan V. Prabhu, Kunal K. Sindhu, Stanislav Lazarev, Henry Ruiz-Garcia, Jennifer L. Peterson, Chris Beltran, Keith Furutani, David Schlesinger, Jason P. Sheehan, Daniel M. Trifiletti

“…This has traditionally been accomplished in a single fraction; however, fractionated approaches involving five or fewer treatments have been delivered for larger lesions, as well as lesions in close proximity to radiosensitive structures. The clinical utilization of SRS has overwhelmingly involved photon-based sources via dedicated radiosurgery platforms (e.g., Gamma Knife^® and Cyberknife^®) or specialized linear accelerators. …”
Get full text

HIF-1α and HIF-2α Differently Regulate the Radiation Sensitivity of NSCLC Cells by Eloy Moreno Roig, Arjan J. Groot, Ala Yaromina, Tessa C. Hendrickx, Lydie M. O. Barbeau, Lorena Giuranno, Glenn Dams, Jonathan Ient, Veronica Olivo Pimentel, Marike W. van Gisbergen, Ludwig J. Dubois, Marc A. Vooijs

“…Using genetically identical HIF-α isoform-deficient cells we identified a strong radiosensitizing of HIF1, but not of HIF2, which was associated with a reduced extracellular pH and reduced glycolysis.…”
Get full text

Statin-Sensitive Akt1/Src/Caveolin-1 Signaling Enhances Oxidative Stress Resistance in Rhabdomyosarcoma by Silvia Codenotti, Leonardo Sandrini, Delia Mandracchia, Luisa Lorenzi, Giovanni Corsetti, Maura Poli, Michela Asperti, Valentina Salvi, Daniela Bosisio, Eugenio Monti, Stefania Mitola, Luca Triggiani, Michele Guescini, Enrico Pozzo, Maurilio Sampaolesi, Stefano Gastaldello, Matteo Cassandri, Francesco Marampon, Alessandro Fanzani

“…Synthetic inhibition of Akt1 and Src phosphorylation increased ROS levels in all RMS lines, promoting cellular radiosensitization. Accordingly, the elevated activation of the Akt1/Src/Cav1 pathway, as detected in two RD lines characterized by overexpression of a myristoylated Akt1 form (myrAkt1) or Cav1 (RDCav1), was correlated with reduced levels of ROS, higher expression of catalase, and increased radioresistance. …”
Get full text

The radiation- and chemo-sensitizing capacity of diclofenac can be predicted by a decreased lactate metabolism and stress response by Melissa Schwab, Ali Bashiri Dezfouli, Mohammad Khosravi, Bayan Alkotub, Lisa Bauer, Mohammad Javed Tahmasebi Birgani, Gabriele Multhoff

“…The impaired lactate metabolism and stress response in diclofenac-sensitive colorectal cancer cells was associated with a significantly increased sensitivity to radiation and 5Fluorouracil in vitro, and in a human colorectal cancer xenograft mouse model diclofenac causes radiosensitization. Conclusion These findings suggest that a decrease in the LDH activity and/or stress response upon diclofenac treatment predicts its radiation/chemo-sensitizing capacity.…”
Get full text

Development of anthropomorphic computational phantoms at the UFPE by José Wilson Vieira, Pedro Henrique Avelino Andrade, Alex Cristóvão Holanda Oliveira, Vanildo Júnior de Melo Lima, Isabelle Viviane Batista Lacerda, Arykerne Casado Silva, Ivan Eufrázio Santana, Whoody Alem Wanderley Farias, Larissa Cristina Silva Santos, Fernanda Gonçalves Oliveira, Fernando Roberto de Andrade Lima

“… To evaluate the amount of energy deposited in radiosensitive organs and tissues of the human body, when an anthropomorphic phantom is irradiated, researchers in numerical dosimetry use the so-called exposure computational models (ECMs). …”
Get full text

Targeting Cancer Stem Cells for Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme by Der-Yang Cho, Shinn-Zong Lin, Wen-Kuang Yang M.D., Ph.D., Han-Chung Lee, Den-Mei Hsu, Hung-Lin Lin, Chun-Chung Chen, Chun-Lin Liu, Wen-Yuan Lee, Li-Hui Ho

“…A second is to use a radiosensitizer to enhance the radiotherapy effect on CSCs. …”
Get full text

Theoretical evaluation of the impact of diverse treatment conditions by calculation of the tumor control probability (TCP) of simulated cervical cancer Hyperthermia-Radiotherapy (H... by Sergio Mingo Barba, Adela Ademaj, Dietmar Marder, Oliver Riesterer, Marco Lattuada, Rudolf M. Füchslin, Alke Petri-Fink, Stephan Scheidegger

“…In this context, in-silico biophysical models that translate deviations in the treatment conditions into clinical outcome variations may be used to study the extent of such processes and their influence on combined hyperthermia plus radiotherapy (HT + RT) treatments under varying conditions.Methods An extended linear-quadratic model calibrated for SiHa and HeLa cell lines (cervical cancer) was used to theoretically study the impact of varying HT treatment conditions on radiosensitization and direct HT cell killing effect. Simulated patients were generated to compute the Tumor Control Probability (TCP) under different HT conditions (number of HT sessions, temperature and time interval), which were randomly selected within margins based on reported patient data.Results Under the studied conditions, model-based simulations suggested a treatment improvement with a total CEM43 thermal dose of approximately 10 min. …”
Get full text

Exposure computational models with voxel phantoms coupled to EGSnrc Monte Carlo code by José Wilson Vieira, Viriato Leal Neto, Pedro Henrique Avelino de Andrade, Alex Cristóvão Holanda de Oliveira, Vanildo Júnior de Melo Lima, Isabelle Viviane Batista de Lacerda, Luís Rodrigo Dandrada, Arykerne Nascimento Casado da Silva, William de Souza Santos, Ivan Eufrázio de Santana, Whoody Alem Wanderley Araripe Farias, Larissa Cristina Silva dos Santos, Fernanda Gonçalves Oliveira, Fernando Roberto de Andrade Lima

“… In computational dosimetry of ionizing radiation, the energy deposited in radiosensitive organs and tissues is evaluated when an anthropomorphic simulator (phantom) is irradiated using Exposure Computational Models (ECMs). …”
Get full text

Estimation of absorbed doses in patients’ organs from the released radionuclide-label during radionuclide therapy with ²²⁵Ac by A. E. Petrova, L. A. Chipiga, A. V. Vodovatov, A. A. Stanzhevsky, D. N. Maystrenko, A. A. Lumpov, A. B. Sinyukhin, I. V. Boykov, T. E. Rameshvili

“…A change in the biodistribution of 225Ac in a patient’s body, associated with the release of a radionuclide from the radiopharmaceuticals, can lead to an increase in doses in healthy radiosensitive organs and tissues, as well as to a decrease in the effectiveness of treatment.…”
Get full text

Inter-Strain Differences in LINE-1 DNA Methylation in the Mouse Hematopoietic System in Response to Exposure to Ionizing Radiation by Isabelle R. Miousse, Jianhui Chang, Lijian Shao, Rupak Pathak, Étienne Nzabarushimana, Kristy R. Kutanzi, Reid D. Landes, Alan J. Tackett, Martin Hauer-Jensen, Daohong Zhou, Igor Koturbash

“…In this study, we investigated the endogenous DNA methylation status of the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) of LINE-1 elements in the bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), and mononuclear cells (MNCs) in radioresistant C57BL/6J and radiosensitive CBA/J mice and in response to ionizing radiation (IR). …”
Get full text