Automatic Detection of the Cyclic Alternating Pattern of Sleep and Diagnosis of Sleep-Related Pathologies Based on Cardiopulmonary Resonance Indices by Jiajia Cui, Zhipei Huang, Jiankang Wu

“…The cyclic alternating pattern is the periodic electroencephalogram activity occurring during non-rapid eye movement sleep. It is a marker of sleep instability and is correlated with several sleep-related pathologies. …”
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New insights and potential clinical implications of the odds ratio product by Magdy Younes

“…It also identifies different sleep depths within stage rapid-eye-movement sleep, with possible implications to disorders during this stage. …”
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cGMP-dependent protein kinase I, the circadian clock, sleep and learning by Robert Feil, Sabine M. Hölter, Karin Weindl, Wolfgang Wurst, Sonia Langmesser, Andrea Gerling, Susanne Feil, Urs Albrecht

“…However, its physiological relevance in the nervous system is poorly understood.1 Now, we have reported that the cGMP-dependent protein kinase type I (PRKG1) is implicated in the regulation of the timing and quality of sleep and wakefulness.2 Prkg1 mutant mice showed altered distribution of sleep and wakefulness as well as reduction in rapid-eye-movement sleep (REMS) duration and in non-REMS consolidation. …”
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Running wheel accessibility affects the regional electroencephalogram during sleep in mice. by Vyazovskiy, V, Ruijgrok, G, Deboer, T, Tobler, I

“…On day 2 frontal EEG power (2.25-8.0 Hz) in non-rapid eye movement sleep exceeded the level of the previous day, indicating that the diverse behaviors replacing wheel-running elicited more pronounced regional EEG differences. …”

Using machine learning for wearables to understand the association of sleep with future morbidity by Yuan, H

“…Overall, the derived sleep parameters had a fair agreement with polysomnography with a Kappa score of 0.37 (SD: 0.16) for three-class classification between wake, rapid-eye-movement sleep (REM), and non-rapid-eye-movement sleep (NREM). …”

Sleep and immune system by María Guadalupe Rico-Rosillo, Gloria Bertha Vega-Robledo

“…Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6 and TNF increase non-rapid eye movement sleep, whereas anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-10 decrease it. …”
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Insomnia and somnolence in idiopathic RBD: a prospective cohort study by Ronald B. Postuma, Jean-François Gagnon, Amelie Pelletier, Jacques Y. Montplaisir

“…Sleep disorders: Predicting neurodegenerative disease Neither daytime sleepiness nor insomnia predict neurodegenerative disease in patients with REM (rapid eye movement) sleep behavior disorder (RBD). Patients with RBD provide unique insights into the early symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) as around 80% of them develop neurodegenerative disease. …”
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Sleep and Neuroimmunomodulation for Maintenance of Optimum Brain Function: Role of Noradrenaline by Rachna Mehta, Rohosen Bhattacharya, Birendra Nath Mallick

“…Sleep is divided into rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) and non-REMS. For practical reasons, experimental studies have been conducted mostly by inducing loss of REMS. …”
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Spatiotemporal characteristics of cortical activities of REM sleep behavior disorder revealed by explainable machine learning using 3D convolutional neural network by Hyun Kim, Pukyeong Seo, Jung-Ick Byun, Ki-Young Jung, Kyung Hwan Kim

“…Abstract Isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by dream enactment behavior without any neurological disease and is frequently accompanied by cognitive dysfunction. …”
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Carbohydrate and sleep: An evaluation of putative mechanisms by David Benton, Anthony Bloxham, Chantelle Gaylor, Anthony Brennan, Hayley A. Young

“…A meta-analysis found that after consuming a lower amount of carbohydrate, more time was spent in slow-wave sleep (SWS) and less in rapid-eye-movement sleep. As the credibility of alternative mechanisms has tended not to have been critically evaluated, they were considered by examining their biochemical, nutritional, and pharmacological plausibility. …”
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Unilateral cortical spreading depression affects sleep need and induces molecular and electrophysiological signs of synaptic potentiation in vivo. by Faraguna, U, Nelson, A, Vyazovskiy, V, Cirelli, C, Tononi, G

“…Moreover, for several hours after CSD, large slow waves occur in the affected hemisphere during rapid eye movement sleep and quiet waking but disappear during active exploration. …”

The importance of REM sleep fragmentation in the effects of stress on sleep: Perspectives from preclinical studies by Laura Grafe, Katherine E. Miller, Richard J. Ross, Seema Bhatnagar

“…There is a rich empirical and theoretical literature on rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) substrates of insomnia and nightmares, with an emphasis on REMS fragmentation. …”
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The integrative process promoted by EMDR in dissociative disorders: neurobiological mechanisms, psychometric tools, and intervention efficacy on the psychological impact of the COV... by Andrea Poli, Francesco Cappellini, Josephine Sala, Mario Miccoli

“…In particular, we propose that, through slow eye movements, the EMDR may promote an initial non-rapid-eye-movement sleep stage 1-like activity, a subsequent access to a slow-wave sleep activity, and an oxytocinergic neurotransmission that, in turn, may foster the functional coupling between paraventricular nucleus and both sympathetic and parasympathetic cardioinhibitory nuclei. …”
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Sex Differences in Neurovascular Control: Implications for Obstructive Sleep Apnea by Joshua M. Bock, Ian M. Greenlund, Virend K. Somers, Sarah E. Baker

“…Furthermore, females with severe OSA demonstrate a more pronounced hypoxic burden (i.e., disease severity) during rapid eye movement sleep when sympathetic nerve activity is greatest. …”
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Two-year clinical progression in focal and diffuse subtypes of Parkinson’s disease by Martin E. Johansson, Nina M. van Lier, Roy P. C. Kessels, Bastiaan R. Bloem, Rick C. Helmich

“…A recent subtyping scheme classifies de novo PD patients into three subtypes: mild-motor predominant, intermediate, or diffuse-malignant, based on motor impairment, cognitive function, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) symptoms, and autonomic symptoms. …”
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Relationship Between Sleep and Memory Consolidation by Beyza Aslı Bilsel

“…Consolidation results from the reactivation of recently encoded neuronal memory representations that occur during slow-wave activity and transform the relevant representations into long-term memory for integration. Continued rapid eye movement sleep can stabilize transformed memories. …”
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Effect of Black Pepper (<i>Piper nigrum</i>) Extract on Caffeine-Induced Sleep Disruption and Excitation in Mice by Minseok Yoon, Jonghoon Jung, Minjung Kim, Changho Lee, Suengmok Cho, Minyoung Um

“…It also resulted in a significant increase in sleep onset and a decrease in non-rapid eye movement sleep. Moreover, in an open-field test, caffeine-treated mice exhibited a significantly increased time in the center zone and total distance traveled. …”
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Gastrointestinal disorders in Parkinson’s disease and other Lewy body diseases by Masaaki Hirayama, Hiroshi Nishiwaki, Tomonari Hamaguchi, Kinji Ohno

“…Analyses of the gut microbiota in PD, rapid-eye-movement sleep behavior disorder, and dementia with Lewy bodies suggest three pathological pathways. …”
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Investigation of the frequency of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism by Aysegul Gencer, Ersan Atahan, Pinar Kadioglu, Birsen Mutlu

“…A significant difference was found in the oxygen desaturation index (ODI), the apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) in rapid eye movement sleep, the AHI in supine sleep position and the arousal index of the group experiencing subclinical hypothyroidism with OSAS. …”
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The effects of hypertension and sleep disorders on dementia by Lim, Cheryl

“…It is hypothesized that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD), and insomnia would 1) interact with hypertension to worsen clinical dementia status, 2) interact with hypertension to accelerate clinical decline over time, and 3) mediate the effect of hypertension on clinical status. …”
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