Image processing algorithms for medical applications by Ling, Regina Ming Zhen

“…The four types of medical images will be corrupted individually with four different noises (i.e. Gaussian, Poisson, Salt and Pepper and Speckle noise). The experiment was carried out on a total of 40 images, 10 images for each type of medical images. …”
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Enhancement of novel water battery by surface additive treatment on porous media by Razali Mohamed Shariff

“…FO utilizes difference in salt concentration to induce flow from low concentration feed side to the high concentration draw side through a semi-permeable membrane. …”
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Olga Tokarczuk’s art of reading: a linguistic view by Bilut-Homplewicz, Zofia, Krauz, Maria

“…The purpose of this article is to analyze the process of reading shown from different perspectives in Olga Tokarczuk's essay Palec w soli, czyli Krótka historia mojego czytania (A Finger in the Salt, or A Short History of My Reading). The authors examine how the writer understands the process of reading, how she captures the category of the reader, and what role the imagination of the recipient plays in this process. …”
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Solvent-driven aqueous separations for hypersaline brine concentration and resource recovery by Foo, Zi Hao, Stetson, Caleb, Dach, Elizabeth, Deshmukh, Akshay, Lee, Hyeonseok, Menon, Akanksha K., Prasher, Ravi, Yip, Ngai Yin, Lienhard, John H, Wilson, Aaron D.

“…Solvent-driven fractional crystallization can leverage sequential treatment and control of process conditions to rapidly recover salts without requiring evaporation of water. Despite promising applications, the principles and potential of solvent-driven aqueous separations remain poorly understood. …”
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Investigation of pulsed electric field operation as a chemical-free anti-scaling approach for electrodialysis desalination of brackish water by Honarparvar, Soraya, Al-Rashed, Rashed, Winter V., Amos G.

“…To evaluate the effects of the pulsed operation on the extent and kinetics of salt formation, a series of nine-day batch experiments were performed for pulsed and conventional ED (PED and CED, respectively). …”
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Technical aspects of marine plastic litter treatment by pyrolysis, for material and energy recovery by Wu, Xinyi

“…Due to the long exposure to the marine environment and contamination from salts and microorganisms, the properties of marine plastic litter would potentially differ from conventional plastic waste. …”
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Preparation of Nd-Fe-B/α-Fe nanocomposite by chemical reduction method by Lim, Darryl Yu Zhi.

“…NdBO3 is found to be present in samples which were prepared in the basic and slightly acidic Fe3+ and Nd3+ salts solution. This is due to the formation of Nd(BO2)3 during synthesis which was converted to NdBO3 after thermal treatment. …”
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Studies of bioactivity of proteins encapsulated in liposomes by Ho, Amelia May Teng.

“…Negatively charged liposomes were fabricated from 1, 2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and 1, 2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3[Phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)] (sodium salt, DMPG-Na) and cholesterol in 60:20:20 wt%. Liposome samples were characterized prior to the start of the drug release study and standard calibration curves for the determination of unknown concentrations of the samples were also plotted. …”
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Optimization of operational conditions for continuous membrane distillation crystallization process with zero discharge by Lim, Deric Weikang.

“…By tapping onto the potentials of MD, it becomes possible to operate under a supersaturated state of the solution, thereby achieving the objective of zero discharge to the environment while recovering valuable salts. However, in the current literature, only a few studies provided limited coverage about the optimization of a continuous MDC process performance with regard to supersaturated solutions. …”
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Development of bioactive PCL films using low temperature solvent free method by Lim, Lynette Sihui

“…The results suggested that MgCl2 salt is highly soluble and therefore provides the highest bioavailability of Mg2+ ions, however, a trade off would be the toughness of the films. …”
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A review on piezoelectric ceramics and nanostructures: fundamentals and fabrications by Ali Khorsand Zak, Ali Khorsand Zak, Yazdi, Sh. Tabatabai, Abrishami, Majid Ebrahimizadeh, Hashim, Abdul Manaf

“…The piezoelectric property was found by Curie brothers in quartz and Rachel salt (1881). This property is a complicated phenomenon that makes it challenging to study. …”

Dual layer composite nanofiltration hollow fiber membranes for low-pressure water softening by Setiawan, Laurentia, Shi, Lei, Wang, Rong

“…The newly developed (PAI-PAAm)-PES dual layer hollow fiber membranes show a salt water permeability of 15.8 L/m2.h.bar and high Mg2+ and Ca2+ rejections of 94.2% and 92.3%, respectively, at operating pressure of 2 bar using a 3000 ppm TDS feed solution. …”
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Membrane compaction in forward osmosis process by Ng, Daniel Yee Fan, Chen, Yunfeng, Dong, Zhili, Wang, Rong

“…At the end of FO experiments, all TFC membranes experienced water flux and salt flux decline to different extents. The TFC membranes were characterized using SEM, TEM and AFM. …”
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Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks as capacitive deionization electrodes for water desalination and Cr(VI) adsorption: a molecular simulation study by Hong, Terence Zhi Xiang, Dahanayaka, Madhavi, Liu, Bo, Law, Adrian Wing-Keung, Zhou, Kun

“…The effect of ZIF types on the surface interactions between the ZIFs and the salt solution is investigated and explained by radial distribution function (RDF) and ion distribution. …”
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Aluminium(I) anion-supported zero-valent palladium complexes by Yan, Chenting, Koshino, Kota, Zhu, Lizhao, Kinjo, Rei

“…Although transition-metal complexes bearing group 13 ligands are accessible via salt metathesis with these anions, zero-valent transition-metal complexes have never been reported. …”
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Rhamnolipids production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa RW9 using palm oil mill effluent sludge oil as a carbon source by Mohd Asmadi, Nur Aina Natasha, Zee, Kar Mun, Baskaran, Shobanah Menon, Ariffin, Hidayah, Wasoh, Helmi, Maeda, Toshinari, Hassan, Mohd Ali, Zakaria, Mohd Rafein

“…Various carbon and nitrogen sources were introduced into the mineral salt medium to optimize biosurfactant production. …”
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Improving water flux of UiO-66 immobilized on ceramic hollow fiber by Yusof, Noor Fadilah, Raffi, Amirul Afiat, Yahaya, Nur Zhatul Shima, Mohd. Pauzi, Mohamad Zahir, Othman, Mohd. Hafiz Dzarfan, Jaafar, Juhana, Abas, Khairul Hamimah, A. Rahman, Mukhlis

“…The membrane demonstrated a water flux of 9.26 kg/m2∙h with 100 % salt rejection. Moreover, the membrane powder maintained its crystallinity in seawater, demonstrating its long-term stability and substantial capabilities in terms of desalination.…”

Modification of PVDF hollow fiber membrane with ZnO structure via hydrothermal for enhanced antifouling property in membrane distillation by Tai, Zhong Sheng, Othman, Mohd. Hafiz Dzarfan, Tajul Arifin, Nur Dhuhaa, Mohd. Hisam, Nur Aina Shazana, Muhamad Iqbal, Rendy, Ab. Rahman, Mazlinda, Wan Mustapa, Wan Nurul Ffazida, Kadirkhan, Farahdila, Puteh, Mohd. Hafiz, Jaafar, Juhana, A. Rahman, Mukhlis

“…This membrane demonstrates a flux of 4.0 kg/m2h and excellent salt rejection (>99.9 %) in direct contact MD (DCMD) when treating a 35 g/L saline solution. …”

Process optimization of alumina extraction from aluminium dross via response surface methodology by Mohamad Jamil Arif, Mansor, Yeoh, Yuan Xin, Siti Nor Amira, Rosli, Noor Intan Shafinas, Muhammad, Kittappa, Shanmuga, Sumaiya, Zainal Abidin

“…Despite its toxic nature, aluminium dross (AD), which is composed primarily of aluminium oxide, alloying elements, and salts such as sodium chloride (NaCl) or potassium chloride (KCl), may be repurposed into valuable applications. …”
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Effects of scaling and cleaning on the performance of forward osmosis hollow fiber membranes by Arkhangelsky, Elizabeth, Wicaksana, Filicia, Chou, Shuren, Al-Rabiah, Abdulrahman A., Al-Zahrani, Saeed M., Wang, Rong

“…Forward osmosis (FO) process as an alternative to conventional desalination techniques has attracted much attention in recent years. Since mineral salt scaling is one of the major limitations for seawater desalination, the current study focused on the behaviors of thin film composite (TFC) FO hollow fibers, which were fabricated in our laboratory, under the circumstance of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) scaling with sodium chloride as draw solution. …”
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