Exploring the Effect of Balanced and Imbalanced Multi-Class Distribution Data and Sampling Techniques on Fruit-Tree Crop Classification Using Different Machine Learning Classifiers by Yingisani Chabalala, Elhadi Adam, Khalid Adem Ali

“…The application of remote sensing in smallholder agricultural landscapes is more promising. …”
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Tracking Deforestation, Drought, and Fire Occurrence in Kutai National Park, Indonesia by Ryan Guild, Xiuquan Wang, Anne E. Russon

“…Using the MCD64A1 C6.1 MODIS dataset, we found significant spatial overlap between burned area and forest loss detections during the 2015–2016 period but identified considerable omissions in the burned area dataset over smallholder farms within KNP. We discuss the implications of deforestation in areas of primary orangutan habitat and how patterns of forest loss have influenced drought and fire dynamics within KNP. …”
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Settlements and plantations are sites of human–tiger interactions in Riau, Indonesia by Wivian Hui Yuan Neo, Muhammad I. Lubis, Janice Ser Huay Lee

“…Most interactions with reported locations occurred close to settlements (35%), followed by in plantations (26%) and smallholdings (25%), with forests and forest edges comprising 14% of such events. …”
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Climate Change Knowledge and Perception among Farming Households in Nigeria by Mustapha Yakubu Madaki, Steffen Muench, Harald Kaechele, Miroslava Bavorova

“…One thousand and eighty (1080) smallholder farmers were interviewed across six agroecological zones (AEZs) of Nigeria using a structured questionnaire. …”
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Land cover changes in coffee cultural landscapes of Pereira (Colombia) between 1997 and 2014 by Beatriz E. Murillo-López, Alexander Feijoo-Martínez, Andrés F. Carvajal

“…Likewise, sociocultural factors, such as smallholder farmers have guided the changes in land cover and have stimulated productive styles to adapt and remain, increasing heterogeneous agricultural areas. …”
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Epidemiology of Ixodid tick infestation and tick‐borne haemopathogens in small ruminant from Enarje Enawuga, North Western Ethiopia by Habtamu Tamrat, Wudu Tagel, Negus Belayneh

“…Abstract Background Small ruminant playing significant economic development and cultural roles for smallholders and reared in different agroecological systems in Ethiopia. …”
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The Influence of Drying Methods on the Chemical Composition and Body Color of Yellow Mealworm (<em>Tenebrio molitor</em> L.) by Letlhogonolo Selaledi, Monnye Mabelebele

“…However, the energy costs associated with these methods are usually high for smallholder insect-rearing farmers. Thus, the core aim of this study was to investigate different drying procedures and their impact on the chemical composition of yellow mealworm larvae. …”
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Evaluation of <i>Stylosanthes scabra</i> Accessions as Forage Source for Ruminants: Growth Performance, Nutritive Value and In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation by Thamsanqa Doctor Empire Mpanza, Abubeker Hassen, Abiodun Mayowa Akanmu

“…Feed shortage is the main cause of poor production performance in livestock under smallholder farmer’s in South Africa. Therefore, this study evaluated the growth performance, nutritive value and in vitro ruminal fermentation of <i>Stylosanthes scabra</i> accessions in climatic condition of Pretoria, South Africa as potential forage sources in order to improve feed quality and subsequently livestock production. …”
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Multi-Temporal Passive and Active Remote Sensing for Agricultural Mapping and Acreage Estimation in Context of Small Farm Holds in Ethiopia by Tesfamariam Engida Mengesha, Lulseged Tamene Desta, Paolo Gamba, Getachew Tesfaye Ayehu

“…In most developing countries, smallholder farms are the ultimate source of income and produce a significant portion of overall crop production for the major crops. …”
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Near Real-Time Biophysical Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Yield Estimation to Support Crop Insurance Implementation in India by Ponraj Arumugam, Abel Chemura, Bernhard Schauberger, Christoph Gornott

“…Immediate yield loss information is required to trigger crop insurance payouts, which are important to secure agricultural income stability for millions of smallholder farmers. Techniques for monitoring crop growth in real-time and at 5 km spatial resolution may also aid in designing price interventions or storage strategies for domestic production. …”
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Factors Affecting Adoption of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies by Small Holder Farmers in Mountain and Lowland Agro-ecological Zones of Eastern Uganda by Remigio Turyahabwe, Loy Gumisiriza Turybanawe, Joyfred Asaba, Andrew Mulabbi, Mukisa Geofrey

“…We recommended that, government should support the adaptation strategies to climate change by the smallholder farmers technically by providing both ground and surface water irrigation facilities and financially by providing agricultural loans as well as focusing on promoting awareness and advancing education on climate change to farmers through knowledge and skill sharing platforms such as training, conferences, and seminars.…”
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Balancing co-benefits and trade-offs between climate change mitigation and adaptation innovations under mixed crop-livestock systems in semi-arid Zimbabwe by Sabine Homann-Kee Tui, Roberto O. Valdivia, Katrien Descheemaeker, Gevious Sisito, Elisha N. Moyo, Farai Mapanda

“…Through the identification of economically viable, socially inclusive and environmentally sustainable development pathways, the analysis in this study evaluates co-benefits and trade-offs between climate change adaptation and mitigation interventions for vulnerable smallholder crop-livestock holdings in the semi-arid regions of Zimbabwe. …”
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Pesticide Choice and Use Patterns Among Vegetable Farmers on Idjwi Island, Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo by Arsene Mushagalusa Balasha, Aganze Mulume Dominique, Weremubi Mwisha Sage, Sharufa Mukonde Shadya, Janvier Zirhumana Mugisho

“…The move towards reducing environmental and health risks related to pesticide application in smallholder agriculture requires a more detailed understanding of farmers’ awareness and pesticide use practices. …”
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Prevalence and Host Resistance to Common Bean Rust Disease in Western and Central Kenya by Brian W. Wafula, Edith E. Arunga, Felix Rotich

“…A field survey was conducted in five counties targeting smallholder common bean farmers in western and central Kenya, where data on the incidence and severity of bean rust and crop management practices by farmers were recorded. …”
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Soil carbon sequestration, carbon markets, and conservation agriculture practices: A hypothetical examination in Mozambique by Timoteo E. Simone, Dayton M. Lambert, Ivan Cuvaca, Neal S. Eash

“…Adoption of PES for conservation agricultural practices (CAPS) by smallholder farmers may provide opportunities to increase household income or cover the technology costs of adoption if the carbon sequestration benefits of CAPS are quantifiable, adoption rates are accelerated and maintained, a mechanism exists whereby carbon sequestration services can be compensated, and carbon offset exchange markets are viable. …”
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Agricultural Practice Assessment to Accelerate Organic Rice Farming Adoption: A Case Study in West Java, Indonesia by Sujianto, Ermiati, Sudjarmoko Bedy

“…The total respondents were 203, consisting of 100 organic and 103 conventional smallholder farmers, respectively. Agricultural practice data of organic and conventional rice farming systemswere compared descriptively. …”
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Status quo and challenges of rice production in sub-Saharan Africa by K. Saito, K. Senthilkumar, E. R. Dossou-Yovo, I. Ali, J-M. Johnson, G. Mujawamariya, J. Rodenburg

“…Rainfed rice yields are strongly affected by climate extremes such as water stresses, soil-related constraints, and sub-optimum natural resource management and crop management practices by smallholder farmers including poor water management, and suboptimal use of fertilizers, herbicides, and machineries. …”
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Characterization of Maithili duck in middle Gangetic plain of Bihar by REENA KAMAL, CHANDRAN P C, DEY AMITAVA, BHATT B P

“… A study was conducted in middle Gangetic plain of Bihar to evaluate the smallholder duck production systems in the regions. …”
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Determinants and governance of bamboo production and marketing in Ethiopia: A critical review by Asabeneh Alemayehu, Alemayehu Hido

“…We address bamboo plantations and their distribution, identify factors influencing bamboo planting and marketing, and assess the role of bamboo for smallholder farmers and customers in Ethiopia. We also examine planting and management practices, governance, and challenges and opportunities for bamboo production and marketing. …”
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Understanding Sustainable Livelihoods with a Framework Linking Livelihood Vulnerability and Resilience in the Semiarid Loess Plateau of China by Wenli Ye, Yin Wang, Xinjun Yang, Kongsen Wu

“…These findings provide policy implications for reducing vulnerability, enhancing resilience, and helping smallholder farmers find sustainable livelihood strategies to avoid poverty traps.…”
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