Towards robust sensing and recognition : from statistical learning to transfer learning by Yang, Jianfei

“…They achieve state-of-the-art performances as well as the specific goals such as training stability and better discriminant features. …”
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Surface engineering to manipulate solar energy for thermal management by Fei, Jipeng

“…The use of sustainable energy sources has risen significantly in recent years due to the tremendous pollution and waste associated with traditional fossil fuels, and the urgent needs of decarbonization. Specifically, solar energy is one of the most important infinite energy resources since it is constantly available to earth in abundance. …”
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Effect of positive-negative image ratio on the performance of pedestrian detection model by Yee, Lai Kok, Ken, Tan Lit, Choo, Hau Sim, Asako, Yutaka, Lee, Kee Quen, Kang, Hooi Siang, Gan, Yee Siang, Chuan, Zunliang, Tey, Wah Yen, Nor Azwadi, Che Sidik

“…However, a noteworthy inverse relationship between sensitivity and specificity emerges as the ratio escalates. The findings, guided by the Youden Index, pinpoint the optimal training ratio for pedestrian detection models, falling within the range of 1:0.5 to 1:2. …”
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Surface peptide functionalization of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 for autonomous homing and enhanced delivery of chemotherapeutic agent to lung tumor cells by Nurul Akmarina, Mohd Abdul Kamal, Emilia, Abdulmalek, Sharida, Fakurazi, Cordova, Kyle E., Mohd Basyaruddin, Abdul Rahman

“…To mitigate the toxicity effect resulting from this, there is an urgent need to develop active nano delivery systems capable of regulating optimal doses specifically to cancer cells without harming adjacent normal cells. …”
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Two-Dimensional MXene as a Promising Adsorbent for Trihalomethanes Removal: A Density-Functional Theory Study by Gomaa, Islam, Hosny, Nasser Mohammed, Elhaes, Hanan, Ezzat, Hend A., Elmahgary, Maryam G., Ibrahim, Medhat A.

“…Our investigation involves a detailed analysis of the adsorption energies of THs on different MXene types, with the MXene-Cl layer emerging as the most compatible variant. This specific MXene-Cl layer exhibits remarkable properties, including a total dipole moment (TDM) of 12.443 Debye and a bandgap of 0.570 eV, achieved through meticulous geometry optimization and computational techniques. …”
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Selective fluoride removal from groundwater using CNT-CeO2 electrodes in capacitive deionization (CDI) by Liu, Xun, Rehman, Danyal, Shu, Yufei, Liu, Bei, Wang, Li, Li, Li, Wang, Mengxia, Wang, Kunkun, Han, Qi, Zang, Linlin, Lienhard, John H., Wang, Zhongying

“…Selective capacitive deionization (SCDI) is a promising process for preferentially removing specific ions from waters with complex compositions. …”
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Optimizing OOD Detection in Molecular Graphs: A Novel Approach with Diffusion Models by Shen, Xu, Wang, Yili, Zhou, Kaixiong, Pan, Shirui, Wang, Xin

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Cognitive Effects of Simulated Galactic Cosmic Radiation Are Mediated by ApoE Status, Sex, and Environment in APP Knock-In Mice by Wieg, Laura, Ciola, Jason C., Wasén, Caroline C., Gaba, Fidelia, Colletti, Brianna R., Schroeder, Maren K., Hinshaw, Robert G., Ekwudo, Millicent N., Holtzman, David M., Saito, Takashi, Sasaguri, Hiroki, Saido, Takaomi C., Cox, Laura M., Lemere, Cynthia A.

“…Radiation exposure had only modest effects on behavior and brain changes, but travel-, sex-, and genotype-specific effects were seen. Irradiated mice had immediate and long-term differences in their gut bacterial composition that correlated to Alzheimer’s disease phenotypes.…”
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Interpretable Computational Modeling of pre-mRNA Splicing for Multiple Eukaryotic Species by McCue, Kayla M.

“…A notable exception was that SRE scores learned in mammals performed fairly well in non-mammals, but not vice versa, which may reflect the evolution of mammalian-specific splicing regulation alongside the lengthening of introns. …”
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Generation, Detection, and Evaluation of Role-play based Jailbreak attacks in Large Language Models by Johnson, Zachary D.

“…In this work, we aim to better understand the landscape of role-play based jailbreak attacks so that we can precisely detect these attack attempts in the wild before they yield a harmful output from a LLM. Specifically, we focus on three main categories: generating synthetic examples of role-play based jailbreak attack prompts, testing these role-play prompts on a target LLM in order to evaluate whether they successfully jailbreak the LLM and labeling our prompts accordingly, and training a robust detection model that can precisely predict whether a role-play prompt will successfully yield a jailbreak attack in a LLM before being fed any malicious requests. …”
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Regulation of the hif-1-dependent hypoxic stress response by C. elegans by Diehl, Calista Sorine

“…Other aspects of the egl-9(lf) phenotype, such as resistance to oxidative stress and changes in locomotion, were not affected by NMD-pathway mutations, indicating that NMD modulates specific aspects of the hypoxia response. Secondly, we found that loss of the neprilysin metallopeptidase, nep-2, suppressed the egl-9 Egl phenotype through the degradation of multiple neuropeptides including the known NEP-2 target SNET-1. …”
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Beyond Color: Lattice Gauge Theory for Strongly-Coupled Physics by Oare, Patrick R.

“…Despite this, it remains difficult to compute QCD observables because QCD is strongly-coupled, and typical perturbative methods used in QFT only work in specific regimes of validity for QCD. The most successful ab initio method to study QCD is Lattice Gauge Theory (LGT). …”
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Interplay of Transition Metals and Noncovalent Interactions in C–H Activation Catalysis by Vennelakanti, Vyshnavi

“…Thus, we also try to understand C–H activation carried out by 3d TMCs focusing on the specific case of partial oxidation of methane to methanol. …”
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Unifying serverless and microservice workloads with SigmaOS by Szekely, Ariel, Belay, Adam, Morris, Robert, Kaashoek, M. Frans

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Essays on attention and creative thought by Wang, Jocelyn Yuxing

“…Memory gists are memory contents that represent more abstract or qualitative features that are extracted from the specific, surface level features in the memory representations that were initially encoded in memory. …”
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Exposure to Pb-halide perovskite nanoparticles can deliver bioavailable Pb but does not alter endogenous gut microbiota in zebrafish by Patsiou, Danae, del Rio-Cubilledo, Cristina, Catarino, Ana Isabel, Summers, Stephen, Afiq Mohd Fahmi, Boyle, David, Fernandes, Teresa F., Henry, Theodore B.

“…The lack of differences in mortality and gene expression between perovskite NPs and soluble Pb after aqueous exposure suggest that toxicity from perovskite NPs can be attributed to bioavailable Pb rather than nano-specific effects. Induction of mt2 and reduction of ala-d expression levels in liver tissues showed Pb bioavailability after 2-d and 4-d dietary exposure to perovskite-spiked feeds. …”
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Infectious diseases acquired by international travellers visiting the USA by Stoney, Rhett J, Esposito, Douglas H., Kozarsky, Phyllis, Hamer, Davidson H., Grobusch, Martin P., Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni, Libman, Michael, Gautret, Philippe, Lim, Poh Lian, Leder, Karin, Schwartz, Eli, Sotir, Mark J., Licitra, Carmelo

“…Clinicians should consider the specific health risks when preparing visitors to the USA and when evaluating and treating those who become ill.…”
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Doping in perovskite nanocrystals, perovskite solar cells with organic carrier transport layers, and Selenium solar cells by Liu, Wenbo

“…The side chains of this specific polymer could passivate the perovskite surface to improve the fill factor and stability of fabricated PSCs. …”
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Structural integrity assessment of rail steel failure modes and mechanism by Liu, Yang

“…The structural integrity is established by providing a reliable Fracture mechanics-based fatigue model to predict the fatigue propagation life of the weld-toe transverse surface cracks at specific locations under the given sets of loading conditions.…”
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Activity and stability optimization of RuₓIr₁₋ₓO₂ nanocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction by tuning the synthetic process by Nguyen, Tam Duy, Nguyen, Hai Hong, Dai, Chencheng, Wang, Jingxian, Scherer, Günther G.

“…In this article we describe how, by tuning the wet-chemical synthesis process in which the Ir precursor is added after the synthesis of RuO2 nanoparticles (NPs) (two-step), the Ru0.5Ir0.5O2 NPs have been synthesized to improve the OER catalytic activity in both acidic and alkaline media. In detail, the specific OER activity of the Ru0.5Ir0.5O2 NPs (with a particle size of ca. 10 nm) is 48.9 μA cm−2 at an overpotential ŋ = 0.22 V (vs. …”
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