The formal language and design principles of autonomous DNA walker circuits by Boemo, M, Lucas, A, Turberfield, A, Cardelli, L

“…We demonstrate that a DNA circuit with tethered reactants is a distributed system and show how it can be described as a stochastic Petri net. The system can be verified by mapping the Petri net onto a continuous-time Markov chain, which can also be used to find an optimal design for the circuit. …”

Design and Implementation of the Zero Trust Model in the Power Internet of Things by Kehe Wu, Rui Cheng, Huiyan Xu, Jie Tong

“…The analysis based on the stochastic Petri net and simulation results show that the proposed model can effectively address network security problems and significantly improve the level of security protection of the power IoT.…”
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Security Analysis for CBTC Systems under Attack–Defense Confrontation by Wenhao Wu, Bing Bu

“…This paper proposes a generalized stochastic Petri net (GSPN) model to capture dynamic interaction between the attacker and the defender to evaluate the security of CBTC systems. …”
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Modeling and efficiency analysis of blockchain agriculture products E-commerce cold chain traceability system based on Petri net by Shouchen Liu, Zhaoyu Yu

“…On the basis of stochastic Petri net theory, this study constructed a blockchain e-commerce cold chain traceability model centering on the actual application of blockchain technology in logistics traceability to improve the reliability and validity of e-commerce cold chain traceability. …”
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Simulation and optimization of mining-separating-backfilling integrated coal mine production logistics system by Xiang-Qian Wang, Shuang-Shuang Long, Xiang-Rui Meng

“…Considering a coal mine with IMSB in Henan Province, AnyLogic simulation software was used to simulate and optimize the production logistics system based on a generalized stochastic Petri net (GSPN). The main simulation results show that: (1) the raw coal separating capacity of this deep mine matches its mining capacity, and the gangue backfilling capacity can almost meet the demand for backfilling after raw coal mining; (2) belt conveyors 1 and 6 are the transportation bottlenecks of increasing production in the mine, and the lifting capacity of the main shaft is insufficient; (3) after optimization, the clean coal output of this coal mine increased by 3087 t monthly. …”
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Modelling web based socio-technical systems through formalising possible sequences of human experience by Walton, R, De Roure, D

“…We take a process oriented approach and formalise this as a stochastic Petri net. We wire together a number of these to form a fixed social network in which experience is shared. …”

Modeling and performance analysis of the emergency rescue logistics system based on Petri nets by Mingxin YANG, Min WANG, Ying QU

“…In order to more effectively analyze the performance of logistics emergency rescue system, based on analyzing the characteristics and main functions of the Petri net and its advantage of describing asynchronous concurrent random image system, this paper introduces stochastic Petri net modeling method to establish emergency system model on the basis of serious natural disasters or emergencies, and analyzes the performance. …”
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A Novel Model-Based Dynamic Analysis Method for State Correlation With IMA Fault Recovery by Rongbin Han, Shihai Wang, Bin Liu, Tingdi Zhao, Zhiao Ye

“…A colored generalized stochastic Petri net (CGSPN) provides advantages to system modeling and simulation, but there are some difficulties for modeling component state correlations and system dynamic behaviors in detail on the IMA system. …”
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A Meso-Scale Petri Net Model to Simulate a Massive Evacuation along the Highway System by Hamzeh Qabaja, Mujahid I. Ashqer, Marwan Bikdash, Huthaifa I. Ashqar

“…This study proposed a novel model, namely, Colored Deterministic and Stochastic Petri Net (CDSPN), which can mesoscopically provide an individual vehicular traffic dynamic. …”
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Anomaly Detection Method for Multivariate Time Series Data of Oil and Gas Stations Based on Digital Twin and MTAD-GAN by Yuanfeng Lian, Yueyao Geng, Tian Tian

“…Firstly, the operational framework consisting of digital twin model, virtual-real synchronization algorithm, anomaly detection strategy and realistic station is constructed, and an efficient virtual-real mapping is achieved by embedding a stochastic Petri net (SPN) to describe the station-operating logic of behavior. …”
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USE OF A NUMERICAL ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR ASSESSING THE FUNCTIONAL EFFECTIVENESS OF AN INFORMATION PROTECTION SYSTEM BY ANALYSING ITS PROBABILISTIC-TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS by V. P. Alferov, A. V. Butskikh, A. V. Krisilov, A. D. Popov, E. A. Rogozin

“…The functional dynamics of the system are described using a stochastic Petri net. In order to solve the integral equations and determine the probabilities of reaching the final state in a given time, the Laplace transform is used. …”
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Offloading Data through Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Dependability Evaluation by Carlos Brito, Leonardo Silva, Gustavo Callou, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Dugki Min, Jae-Woo Lee, Francisco Airton Silva

“…Among the various existing methodologies, stochastic Petri nets (SPN) provide models that represent complex systems with different characteristics. …”
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TiPeNeSS: A Timed Petri Net Simulator Software with Generally Distributed Firing Delays by Ádám Horváth, András Molnár

“…Although some subclasses of TPNs (e.g. stochastic Petri nets (SPNs) [17, 19]) canbe handled analytically, a general timed Petri net is hard to evaluate via numerical analysis. …”
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Long-run multi-robot planning with uncertain task durations by Azevedo, C, Lacerda, B, Hawes, N, Lima, P

“…The proposed methodology takes advantage of generalized stochastic Petri nets to model multi-robot teams. It allows for unified modeling of action selection and uncertainty on duration of action execution. …”

Assessment security protection system the distribution network in presence of distributed generation using Petri net by ahmad ashouri, Abolfazl Jalilvand

“…This paper presents a new approach to model the performance of a distributed network security system using generalized stochastic Petri nets, to evaluate the protective systems of distribution network, the models are dealt with. …”
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Multi-robot planning under uncertain travel times and safety constraints by Mansouri, M, Lacerda, B, Hawes, N, Pecora, F

“…The approach uses generalised stochastic Petri nets (GSPNs) to model desired team behaviour, and allows to specify safety constraints and rewards. …”

Uncertainty-Aware Dynamic Reliability Analysis Framework for Complex Systems by Sohag Kabir, Mohammad Yazdi, Jose Ignacio Aizpurua, Yiannis Papadopoulos

“…Quantitative evaluation of DFTs is performed by converting them into generalized stochastic Petri nets. When failure data are unavailable, expert judgment and fuzzy set theory are used to obtain reasonable estimates. …”
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Performance Evaluation for Interrupt-Driven Embedded Software Based on EDSPN by Gang Hou, Kuanjiu Zhou, Tie Qiu, Weiqiang Kong, Mingchu Li

“…To solve this problem, we propose a performance model for embedded software based on extended deterministic and stochastic Petri nets (EDSPN), which is a semantic expansion of DSPN that add non-deterministic time transitions. …”
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Long-run multi-robot planning under uncertain action durations for persistent tasks by Azevedo, C, Lacerda, B, Hawes, N, Lima, P

“…The proposed methodology takes advantage of generalized stochastic Petri nets with rewards (GSPNR) to model multi-robot problems. …”

Availability of an RFID Object-Identification System in IoT Environments by Cosmina Corches, Mihai Daraban, Liviu Miclea

“…This paper examines, through stochastic Petri nets (SPNs), the availability, dependability, and latency of an object-identification system that uses RFID tags. …”
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