Effects of antibody affinity and antigen valence on molecular forms of immune complexes. by Oda, M, Uchiyama, S, Noda, M, Nishi, Y, Koga, M, Mayanagi, K, Robinson, C, Fukui, K, Kobayashi, Y, Morikawa, K, Azuma, T

“…The results also showed that the stoichiometry of the antigen-antibody interaction is altered by restricting the movement of the Fc region. …”

Redox noninnocence in coordinated 2-(arylazo)pyridines: steric control of ligand-based redox processes in cobalt complexes. by Ghosh, P, Samanta, S, Roy, S, Joy, S, Krämer, T, McGrady, J, Goswami, S

“…A series of cobalt complexes of ligands based on the 2-(arylazo)pyridine architecture have been synthesized, and the precise structure and stoichiometry of the complexes depend critically on the identity of substituents in the 2, 4, and 6 positions of the phenyl ring. …”

A system-level approach to single-molecule live-cell fluorescence microscopy by Harriman, O

“…Analyses based on single particle tracking are currently being carried out by a collaborator to extract information on stoichiometry and dynamics at the single-molecule level.…”

Leukotriene A4 hydrolase: protection from mechanism-based inactivation by mutation of tyrosine-378. by Mueller, M, Blomster, M, Oppermann, U, Jörnvall, H, Samuelsson, B, Haeggström, J

“…LTA4 hydrolase/aminopeptidase is suicide inactivated during catalysis via an apparently mechanism-based irreversible binding of LTA4 to the protein in a 1:1 stoichiometry. Previously, we have identified a henicosapeptide, encompassing residues Leu-365 to Lys-385 in human LTA4 hydrolase, which contains a site involved in the covalent binding of LTA4 to the native enzyme. …”

Some opertaing characteristics of novel ignition devices for hydrocarbon/air mixtures by Waterson, K

“…The conditions of the experiments were as follows:</p> <table> <tr><td colspan="2">Pre-mixed methane/air of 1.0, 0.8 and 0.6 stoichiometry</td></tr> <tr><td>Pressures</td><td>101 kN/m² - 1067 kN/m²</td></tr> <tr><td>Laser spark energies</td><td>30 mJ - 400 mJ</td></tr> <tr><td>Plasma plug energies</td><td>50 mJ - 1500 mJ</td></tr> <tr><td>Electrode spark energies</td><td>10 mJ - 2500 mJ</td></tr> </table> <p>Samples of the combustion products were taken and the results for the three mixture ratios are presented. …”

Crystal structure of the dimer of two essential Salmonella typhimurium proteins, YgjD and YeaZ and calorimetric evidence for the formation of a ternary YgjD-YeaZ-YjeE complex. by Nichols, C, Lamb, H, Thompson, P, El Omari, K, Lockyer, M, Charles, I, Hawkins, A, Stammers, D

“…ITC experiments reveal previously unreported binary and ternary complexes which can be nucleotide dependent. The stoichiometry of the YeaZ-YgjD complex is 1:1 with a K(D) of 0.3 µM. …”

Luminescent ruthenium(II) bipyridine-calix[4]arene complexes as receptors for lanthanide cations. by Beer, P, Szemes, F, Passaniti, P, Maestri, M

“…All the Ru-calixarene complexes synthesized in this work are able to coordinate Nd(3+), Eu(3+), and Tb(3+) ions with formation of adducts of variable stoichiometry. The absorbance changes allow the evaluation of association constants whose magnitudes depend on the nature of the complexes as well as on the nature of the lanthanide cation. …”

Picoperovskites: the smallest conceivable isolated halide perovskite structures formed within carbon nanotubes by Kashtiban, RJ, Patrick, CE, Ramasse, Q, Walton, RI, Sloan, J

“…Within ≈1.2 nm-diameter SWCNTs, CsPbBr₃ and CsSnI₃ form inorganic-polymer-like bilayer structures, one-fourth of an ABX₃ unit cell in cross section with systematically reproduced ABX₃ stoichiometry. Producing these smallest halide perovskite structures at their absolute synthetic cross-sectional limit enables quantum confinement effects with first-principles calculations demonstrating bandgap widening compared to corresponding bulk structural forms.…”

Characterisation of the mechanism of B-cell receptor triggering by Wilcock, M

“…To narrow down potential theories of BCR triggering, the stoichiometry of the BCR in the resting state was established using multicolour fluorescence microscopy and shown to be predominantly monomeric. …”

Connecting the Green and Brown Worlds: Allometric and Stoichiometric Predictability of Above- and Below-Ground Networks by Mulder, C, Ahrestani, F, Bahn, M, Bohan, D, Bonkowski, M, Griffiths, B, Guicharnaud, R, Kattge, J, Krogh, P, Lavorel, S, Lewis, O, Mancinelli, G, Naeem, S, Penuelas, J, Poorter, H, Reich, P, Rossi, L, Rusch, G, Sardans, J, Wright, I

“…We also provide the first evidence for large-scale allometric changes according to the stoichiometry of agroecosystems. Finally, we discuss insights that can be gained from integrating carbon and nitrogen isotope data into trait-based approaches, and address the origin of changes in δ13C and δ15N fractionation values in relation to consumer-resource body-mass ratios. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.…”

Pseudoazurin dramatically enhances the reaction profile of nitrite reduction by Paracoccus pantotrophus cytochrome cd1 and facilitates release of product nitric oxide. by Sam, K, Fairhurst, SA, Thorneley, R, Allen, J, Ferguson, S

“…Pseudoazurin catalyzed this effect even when present at only one-tenth the stoichiometry of cytochrome cd(1). In contrast, redox-inert zinc pseudoazurin did not affect cd(1)-X, indicating a crucial role for electron movement between monomers or individual enzyme dimers rather than simply a protein-protein interaction. …”

Quantitative description of co-assembly and evolution of small heat-shock proteins by Saman, D

“…Many of them, such as human HspB1, HspB4 and HspB5 are polydisperse–they form a large range of stoichiometries. Some are also known to co-assemble, forming a large variety of sub-stoichiometries, with possible implications for their function.…”

Functional analysis of the GTPases EngA and YhbZ encoded by Salmonella typhimurium. by Lamb, H, Thompson, P, Elliott, C, Charles, I, Richards, J, Lockyer, M, Watkins, N, Nichols, C, Stammers, D, Bagshaw, C, Cooper, A, Hawkins, A

“…These experiments show that YhbZ specifically interacts with the pseudouridine synthase RluD (KD=2 microM and 1:1 stoichiometry), and we show for the first time that EngA can interact with the ribosomal structural protein S7. …”

Affinity and kinetics of the interaction between soluble trimeric OX40 ligand, a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, and its receptor OX40 on activated T cells. by Al-Shamkhani, A, Mallett, S, Brown, M, James, W, Barclay, A

“…In the reverse orientation, sOX40 bound to immobilized sCD4-OX40L with a stoichiometry of 3.1 receptors to one ligand, with low affinity (KD = 190 nM) and had a relatively fast dissociation rate constant (koff = 2 x 10(-2) s-1). …”

X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON MOSSBAUER, MAGNETIC, AND ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY STUDY OF SNS2(COCP2)0.31 by Ohare, D, Jaegermann, W, Williamson, D, Ohuchi, F, Parkinson, B

“…Electrical conductivity showed that the intercalated material is 200 times more conductive than the unreacted host but still showed semiconducting behavior with an activation energy Ea = 0.11 eV, similar to that of unintercalated SnS2. The stoichiometry of the intercalated material can best be described as (Sn4+0.9Sn2+0.1)S 2{[Co3+Cp2]+0.2[Co 2+Cp2]0.1} which is remarkable due to the multiple mixed valency of the material. © 1988 American Chemical Society.…”

Mechanistic studies of the adhesion-GPCR latrophilin and its interactions in neural guidance by Jackson, V

“…Together these data provide strong molecular evidence for a role of Lphns as context-recognisers, by their abilities to bind diverse ligands in distinct combinations and variable stoichiometries.</p>…”

15R SrMn1-xFexO3-δ (x ≈ 0.1); A New Perovskite Stacking Sequence by Cussen, E, Sloan, J, Vente, J, Battle, P, Gibb, T

“…The pseudo close-packed SrO3 layers have a (cchch)3, stacking sequence such that the occupation of the interstitial 6-coordinate sites by Mn (or Fe) leads to the formation of Mn2O9 units which are linked to each other either directly by a common vertex, or indirectly via a single, vertex-sharing MnO6 octahedron. The stoichiometry of the compound was determined to be SrMn0.915(5)Fe0.085(5)O2.979(3). …”

Evidence for an altered mode of action of the sodium-lithium countertransporter in vivo in patients with untreated essential hypertension. by Brearley, C, Wood, A, Aronson, J, Grahame-Smith, D

“…A new finding is that there is a change in either the stoichiometry or the co-operativity of lithium efflux via the Na(+)-L+ countertransport system, suggesting that the rate of sodium efflux may be greater than that of influx in the cells of people with hypertension.…”

Laser-induced grating spectroscopy in non-uniform temperature fields and flames by Wijeyasinghe, NC

“…</p> <p>LIGS signals are recorded at several spatial positions in the lower region of a flame with fixed stoichiometry. Signals measured in the 0.0 – 5.0 mm height above burner (HAB) range and the 0.0 – 3.5 mm radial position range are analysed using MATLAB; temperature information is extracted with precisions of 0.9 – 4.4%. …”

Surface and bulk reactions in borohydrides and amides by Borgschulte, A, Jones, M, Callini, E, Probst, B, Kato, S, Zuettel, A, David, W, Orimo, S

“…[NH2]- and [BH4] - with a fixed stoichiometry. Along this line of thought, these compounds can be considered as ordinary ionic compounds. …”