Rho GTPases and regulation of cell migration, polarization and adhesion proteins in wounding assay of human corneal epithelial cells by Gan, Kah Hui

“…The small G proteins subfamily of the Ras superfamily is known to play a role in cell motility, polarization and modulation of adhesion proteins. …”
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Direct regulation of pluripotency genes by Nr5a2. by Shue, Bing Hong.

“…Nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 2 (Nr5a2), also known as Liver Receptor Homolog -1 or LRH-1, is an orphan nuclear receptor found to be involved in important metabolic processes such as bile acid metabolism, steroidogenesis and liver development. …”
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NMR approach to characterize Bcl-xl structure and interaction mechanism in membrane state by Liu, Wei

“…Bcl-XL belongs to the anti-apoptotic subfamily of the Bcl-2 family. It interacts with pro-apoptotic subfamilies to inhibit them from forming pores on the mitochondrial membrane. …”
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The crystal structure of human receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase kappa phosphatase domain 1. by Eswaran, J, Debreczeni, J, Longman, E, Barr, A, Knapp, S

“…RPTPkappa is a member of the R2A/IIb subfamily of RPTPs along with RPTPmu, RPTPrho, and RPTPlambda. …”

Structural mechanisms determining inhibition of the collagen receptor DDR1 by selective and multi-targeted type II kinase inhibitors by Canning, P, Tan, L, Chu, K, Lee, S, Gray, N, Bullock, A

“…The discoidin domain receptors (DDRs), DDR1 and DDR2, form a unique subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases that are activated by the binding of triple-helical collagen. …”

Mapping of partially overlapping de novo deletions across an autism susceptibility region (AUTS5) in two unrelated individuals affected by developmental delays with communication i... by Newbury, D, Warburton, P, Wilson, N, Bacchelli, E, Carone, S, Lamb, J, Maestrini, E, Volpi, E, Mohammed, S, Baird, G, Monaco, A

“…Breakpoint refinement by FISH mapping revealed the two deletions to overlap by approximately 1.1Mb of chromosome 2q24.1, a region which contains just one gene--potassium inwardly rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 3 (KCNJ3). However, a mutation screen of this gene in 47 autistic probands indicated that coding variants in this gene are unlikely to underlie the linkage between autism and chromosome 2q. …”

The death enzyme CP14 is a unique papain-like cysteine proteinase with a pronounced S2 subsite selectivity by Paireder, M, Mehofer, U, Tholen, S, Porodko, A, Schähs, P, Maresch, D, Biniossek, M, van der Hoorn, R, Lenarcic, B, Novinec, M, Schilling, O, Mach, L

“…CP14 belongs to a distinct subfamily of papain-like cysteine proteinases of which no representative has been characterized thoroughly to date. …”

Functional cloning of ICAM-2, a cell adhesion ligand for LFA-1 homologous to ICAM-1. by Staunton, D, Dustin, M, Springer, T

“…Remarkably, ICAM-2 is much more closely related to the two most N-terminal domains of ICAM-1 (34% identity) than either ICAM-1 or ICAM-2 is to other members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, demonstrating the existence of a subfamily of immunoglobulin-like ligands that bind the same integrin receptor.…”

Pancreatic cancer susceptibility loci and their role in survival by Rizzato, C, Campa, D, Giese, N, Werner, J, Rachakonda, P, Kumar, R, Schanné, M, Greenhalf, W, Costello, E, Khaw, K, Key, T, Siddiq, A, Lorenzo-Bermejo, J, Burwinkel, B, Neoptolemos, J, Büchler, M, Hoheisel, J, Bauer, A, Canzian, F

“…Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ABO, sonic hedgehog (SHH), telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 2 (NR5A2) were found to be associated with pancreatic cancer risk. …”

Common variants in the CYP2C19 gene are associated with susceptibility to endometriosis. by Painter, J, Nyholt, DR, Krause, L, Zhao, Z, Chapman, B, Zhang, C, Medland, S, Martin, N, Kennedy, S, Treloar, S, Zondervan, K, Montgomery, G

“…OBJECTIVE: To follow-up previous studies highlighting a possible role for cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, 19 (CYP2C19) in susceptibility to endometriosis by searching for additional variants in the CYP2C19 gene that may be associated with the disease. …”

Examining the conservation of kinks in alpha helices by Law, E, Wilman, H, Kelm, S, Shi, J, Deane, C

“…We carried out a study of the seven transmembrane helices in the GPCR family and found that changes in kinks could be related both to subfamilies of GPCRs and also, in a particular subfamily, to the binding of agonists or antagonists. …”

Coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor (CAR) is essential for early embryonic cardiac development. by Dorner, A, Wegmann, F, Butz, S, Wolburg-Buchholz, K, Wolburg, H, Mack, A, Nasdala, I, August, B, Westermann, J, Rathjen, F, Vestweber, D

“…The coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a cell contact protein on various cell types with unknown physiological function. It belongs to a subfamily of the immunoglobulin-superfamily of which some members are junctional adhesion molecules on epithelial and/or endothelial cells. …”

A method for producing monoclonal antibodies to human T-cell-receptor beta-chain variable regions. by Callan, M, Reyburn, H, Bowness, P, Ottenhoff, T, Engel, I, Klausner, R, Bell, J, McMichael, A

“…All clones sequenced used the V beta 7.1 chain, proving conclusively that the mAbs generated were specific for V beta 7.1 subfamily. This method generates mAbs to human TCR V beta proteins efficiently and might allow production of a complete panel of mAbs directed against human TCR V beta proteins.…”

High-density fine-mapping of a chromosome 10q26 linkage peak suggests association between endometriosis and variants close to CYP2C19 by Painter, J, Nyholt, DR, Morris, A, Zhao, Z, Henders, A, Lambert, A, Wallace, L, Martin, N, Kennedy, S, Treloar, SA, Zondervan, K, Montgomery, G

“…However, only rs11592737 in the cytochrome P450 subfamily C (CYP2C19) gene was replicated in an independent sample of 2,079 cases and 7,060 population controls. …”

Pancreatic cancer susceptibility loci and their role in survival by Rizzato, C, Campa, D, Giese, N, Werner, J, Rachakonda, P, Kumar, R, Schanné, M, Greenhalf, W, Costello, E, Khaw, K, Key, T, Siddiq, A, Lorenzo-Bermejo, J, Burwinkel, B, Neoptolemos, J, Büchler, M, Hoheisel, J, Bauer, A, Canzian, F

“…Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ABO, sonic hedgehog (SHH), telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 2 (NR5A2) were found to be associated with pancreatic cancer risk. …”

Investigating myoendothelial signalling mechanisms in resistance arteries by Lemmey, H

“…Additionally, a role for transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 (TRPV4) in myoendothelial feedback was probed. …”

Examining the conservation of kinks in alpha helices by Deane, C, Law, E, Wilman, H, Kelm, S, Shi, J

“…We carried out a study of the seven transmembrane helices in the GPCR family and found that changes in kinks could be related both to subfamilies of GPCRs and also, in a particular subfamily, to the binding of agonists or antagonists. …”

X-ray crystal structure of ornithine acetyltransferase from the clavulanic acid biosynthesis gene cluster. by Elkins, J, Kershaw, N, Schofield, C

“…However, differences in the connectivity reveal that OATs belong to a structural family different from that of other structurally characterized Ntn enzymes, with one exception: unexpectedly, the alphabetabetaalpha sandwich of ORF6 (where ORF stands for open reading frame) displays the same fold as an DmpA (L-aminopeptidase D-ala-esterase/amidase from Ochrobactrum anthropi), and so the OATs and DmpA form a new structural subfamily of Ntn enzymes. The structure reveals an alpha2beta2-heterotetrameric oligomerization state in which the intermolecular interface partly defines the active site. …”

Ancient protostome origin of chemosensory ionotropic glutamate receptors and the evolution of insect taste and olfaction. by Croset, V, Rytz, R, Cummins, S, Budd, A, Brawand, D, Kaessmann, H, Gibson, T, Benton, R

“…Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are a highly conserved family of ligand-gated ion channels present in animals, plants, and bacteria, which are best characterized for their roles in synaptic communication in vertebrate nervous systems. A variant subfamily of iGluRs, the Ionotropic Receptors (IRs), was recently identified as a new class of olfactory receptors in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, hinting at a broader function of this ion channel family in detection of environmental, as well as intercellular, chemical signals. …”

GATA factors lie upstream of Nkx 2.5 in the transcriptional regulatory cascade that effects cardiogenesis. by Brewer, A, Alexandrovich, A, Mjaatvedt, C, Shah, A, Patient, R, Pizzey, J

“…Members of the GATA-4, -5, and -6 subfamily of transcription factors are co-expressed with the homeoprotein Nkx 2.5 in the precardiac mesoderm during the earliest stages of its specification and are known to be important determinants of cardiac gene expression. …”