In the wake of invasion: tracing the historical biogeography of the South American cricetid radiation (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae). by Rafael N Leite, Sergios-Orestis Kolokotronis, Francisca C Almeida, Fernanda P Werneck, Duke S Rogers, Marcelo Weksler

“…The cricetid rodents of the subfamily Sigmodontinae are a classic example of a species-rich South American radiation resulting from an early episode of North American invasion. …”
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THE FAUNA OF PEST CHRYSOMELINAE (СOLEOPTERA: СHRYSOMELIDAE) OF NORTH-EASTERN PART OF AZERBAIJAN by N. B. Mirzoeva, G. I. Nadirova

“…An annotated list of beetles of the subfamily Chrysomelinae of Kuba-Khachmaz Region of Azerbaijan is providedfor the first time. …”
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Mitochondrial composition of and diffusion limiting factors of three social wasp genera Polistes, Ropalidia, and parapolybia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) by Li Luo, Pan Huang, Bin Chen, Ting-Jing Li

“…Abstract Background Social wasps Polistes, Ropalidia, and Parapolybia, belonging to the subfamily Polistinae, have obviously different distribution patterns, yet the factors leading to this difference remain unknown. …”
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β-Cyanoalanine Synthases and Their Possible Role in Pierid Host Plant Adaptation by Anna-Maria Herfurth, Maike van Ohlen, Ute Wittstock

“…A second β-cyanoalanine synthase which grouped with PrBSAS3 was restricted to Pierid species, while a third variant (i.e., homologs of PrBSAS1), was only present in members of the Pierinae subfamily. These results are in agreement with the hypothesis that the host shift to Brassicales was associated with the requirement for a specialized cyanide detoxification machinery.…”
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SNARE protein USE1 is involved in the glycosylation and the expression of mumps virus fusion protein and important for viral propagation by Yaqing Liu, Hiroshi Katoh, Tsuyoshi Sekizuka, Chaewon Bae, Aika Wakata, Fumihiro Kato, Masafumi Sakata, Toshiyuki Yamaji, Zhiyu Wang, Makoto Takeda

“…From siRNA screening and immunoprecipitation results, we found that a SNARE subfamily protein, USE1, bound specifically to the MuV fusion (F) protein and was important for MuV propagation. …”
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Chemical Synthesis and NMR Solution Structure of Conotoxin GXIA from <i>Conus geographus</i> by David A. Armstrong, Ai-Hua Jin, Nayara Braga Emidio, Richard J. Lewis, Paul F. Alewood, K. Johan Rosengren

“…A novel conotoxin, GXIA (original name G117), belonging to the I₃-subfamily was identified as the major component of the predatory venom of piscivorous <i>Conus geographus</i>. …”
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Dormancy-breaking requirements of Sophora tomentosa and Erythrina speciosa (Fabaceae) seeds by Carolina Maria Luzia Delgado, Alexandre Souza de Paula, Marisa Santos, Maria Terezinha Silveira Paulilo

“…Both species showed seed morphological and anatomical features for seed coats of the subfamily Faboideae. Lignin and callose were found around all palisade layers and the water impermeability and ecological role of these substances are discussed in the work.…”
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The Complete Plastome Sequences of Four Orchid Species: Insights into the Evolution of the Orchidaceae and the Utility of Plastomic Mutational Hotspots by Zhitao Niu, Qingyun Xue, Shuying Zhu, Jing Sun, Wei Liu, Xiaoyu Ding

“…However, the phylogenetic relationships among the five orchid subfamilies remain unresolved. The major dispute centers on whether the three one-stamened subfamilies, Epidendroideae, Orchidoideae, and Vanilloideae, are monophyletic or paraphyletic. …”
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A molecular phylogenetic appraisal of the acanthostomines Acanthostomum and Timoniella and their position within Cryptogonimidae (Trematoda: Opisthorchioidea) by Andrés Martínez-Aquino, Victor M. Vidal-Martínez, M. Leopoldina Aguirre-Macedo

“…The phylogenetic position of three taxa from two trematode genera, belonging to the subfamily Acanthostominae (Opisthorchioidea: Cryptogonimidae), were analysed using partial 28S ribosomal DNA (Domains 1–2) and internal transcribed spacers (ITS1–5.8S–ITS2). …”
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The Mitochondrial Genome of <i>Linichthys laticeps</i> (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae): Characterization and Phylogeny by Renyi Zhang, Tingting Zhu, Hongmei Li, Lei Deng

“…The Labeoninae is the largest subfamily of Cypriniformes and has great economic importance and ecological value. …”
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Phylogeny of Anophelinae using mitochondrial protein coding genes by Peter G. Foster, Tatiane Marques Porangaba de Oliveira, Eduardo S. Bergo, Jan E. Conn, Denise Cristina Sant’Ana, Sandra Sayuri Nagaki, Silvio Nihei, Carlos Einicker Lamas, Christian González, Caio Cesar Moreira, Maria Anice Mureb Sallum

“…Proposing a natural classification for the subfamily Anophelinae has been a continuous effort, addressed using both morphology and DNA sequence data. …”
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Genetic data of museum specimens allow for inferring evolutionary history of the cosmopolitan genus Sirthenea (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) by Dominik Chłond, Natalia Sawka-Gądek, Dagmara Żyła

“…Among the 30 known genera within subfamily Peiratinae, only the genus Sirthenea has a cosmopolitan distribution. …”
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Soybean-Derived Peptides Attenuate Hyperlipidemia by Regulating Trans-Intestinal Cholesterol Excretion and Bile Acid Synthesis by Haksoo Lee, Eunguk Shin, Hyunkoo Kang, HyeSook Youn, BuHyun Youn

“…Herein, soybean hydrolysate prepared via peptic and tryptic hydrolysis promoted trans-intestinal cholesterol excretion (TICE) by increasing ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 5 (ABCG5) and ABCG8 expression. …”
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Harvestmen in the semiarid: a new genus and three new species of Pachylinae (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae) from Caatinga dry vegetation, with a cladistic analysis by Nícolas Eugenio de Vasconcelos Saraiva, Marcos Ryotaro Hara, Marcio Bernardino DaSilva

“…A resolution to the Pachylinae conundrum is needed to further explain the subfamily intricacies. Future research requires a larger scope, but currently, based on the new genus monophyly, support, and relatedness, we formally propose its creation and hope to shed light on the possible evolutionary scenarios for the subfamily.…”
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Synopsis of the Evippinae (Araneae, Lycosidae) of Israel, with description of a new species by Igor Armiach Steinpress, Mark Alderweireldt, Mira Cohen, Ariel Chipman, Efrat Gavish-Regev

“…Evippinae (Araneae, Lycosidae) is a subfamily of old-world lycosids, comprising six genera and 67 species, most of them typically found in xeric habitats. …”
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Metabolomic Profile of <i>Salicornia perennis</i> Plant’s Organs under Diverse <i>In Situ</i> Stress: The Ria de Aveiro Salt Marshes Case by Natasha N. Magni, Ana C. S. Veríssimo, Helena Silva, Diana C. G. A. Pinto

“…<i>Salicornia perennis</i> is a halophyte belonging to the botanical subfamily Salicornioideae that forms extensive perennial salt marsh patches. …”
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Regenerative Calcium Currents in Renal Primary Cilia by Steven J. Kleene

“…Reduced buffering also allows regenerative signaling through TRPV4 channels, but not through TRPM4 (TRP subfamily M, member 4) channels, which are activated by Ca2+ but do not conduct it. …”
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Comparative mitogenomics and phylogenetic analyses of the genus Menida (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) by Xiaofei Ding, Chao Chen, Jiufeng Wei, Xiaoyun Gao, Hufang Zhang, Qing Zhao

“…In order to explore the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of the genus Menida Motschulsky, 1861 and reveal the molecular evolution of the family Pentatomidae, subfamily Pentatominae, complete mitochondrial genomes of three species of Menida were sequenced, and the phylogenetic relationships of tribes within the subfamily Pentatominae were studied based on these results. …”
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Expression of beta 2 integrin (CD18) in embryonic mouse and chicken heart by L.A.M. Oliveira, R.K. Baker, S.E. Klewer, G.T. Kitten

“…. &#946;2 integrin (CD18) associates with four different &#945; (CD11) subunits to form an integrin subfamily, which has been reported to be expressed exclusively on leukocytes. …”
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Bamboo tea: reduction of taxonomic complexity and application of DNA diagnostics based on rbcL and matK sequence data by Thomas Horn, Annette Häser

“…To reduce taxonomic complexity associated with the term bamboo, we used a phylogenetic framework to trace the origin of DNA from commercially available bamboo leaves within the bambusoid subfamily. For authentication purposes, we introduced a simple PCR based test distinguishing genuine bamboo from other leaf components and assessed the diagnostic potential of rbcL and matK to resolve taxonomic entities within the bamboo subfamily and tribes. …”
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