Sex Differences in Circadian Dysfunction in the BACHD Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease. by Dika A Kuljis, Laura Gad, Dawn H Loh, Zoë MacDowell Kaswan, Olivia N Hitchcock, Cristina A Ghiani, Christopher S Colwell

“…These sex differences are associated with a smaller suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in BACHD male mice at age of symptom onset (3 months), but are not associated with sex-specific differences in SCN daytime electrical activity deficits, or peptide expression (arginine vasopressin, vasoactive intestinal peptide) within the SCN. …”
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Food-Anticipatory Behavior in Neonatal Rabbits and Rodents: An Update on the Role of Clock Genes by Mario Caba, Jorge Mendoza

“…In mammals, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the master circadian clock, is mainly synchronized to the environmental light/dark cycle. …”
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Immediate responses to ambient light in vivo reveal distinct subpopulations of suprachiasmatic VIP neurons by Anat Kahan, Karan Mahe, Sayan Dutta, Pegah Kassraian, Alexander Wang, Viviana Gradinaru

“…Summary: The circadian rhythm pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), mediates light entrainment via vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neurons (SCNVIP). …”
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Peripheral clock gene oscillations are perturbed in neonatal and adult rat offspring raised under adverse limited bedding conditions by Claire-Dominique Walker, Tara C. Delorme, Silke Kiessling, Hong Long, Nicolas Cermakian

“…Abstract Circadian (24-h) rhythms in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) are established in utero in rodents, but rhythmicity of peripheral circadian clocks appears later in postnatal development. …”
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Circadian Rhythms of the Hypothalamus: From Function to Physiology by Rachel Van Drunen, Kristin Eckel-Mahan

“…Light directly entrains the master clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) which lies in the hypothalamus of the brain and is responsible for synchronizing internal rhythms. …”
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The Role of Cortisol in Chronic Stress, Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Psychological Disorders by Emilija Knezevic, Katarina Nenic, Vladislav Milanovic, Nebojsa Nick Knezevic

“…Its release is finely orchestrated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus, governing the circadian rhythm and activating the intricate hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, a vital neuroendocrine system responsible for stress response and maintaining homeostasis. …”
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Gastric bypass alters diurnal feeding behavior and reprograms the hepatic clock to regulate endogenous glucose flux by Yuanchao Ye, Marwa Abu El Haija, Reine Obeid, Hussein Herz, Liping Tian, Benjamin Linden, Yi Chu, Deng Fu Guo, Daniel C. Levine, Jonathan Cedernaes, Kamal Rahmouni, Joseph Bass, Mohamad Mokadem

“…Using a clock gene reporter mouse model (mPer2Luc), we reveal that RYGB induced a liver-specific phase shift in peripheral clock oscillation with no changes to the central clock activity within the suprachiasmatic nucleus. In addition, we show that weight loss effects were attenuated in obese ClockΔ19 mutant mice after RYGB that also failed to improve glucose metabolism after surgery, specifically hepatic glucose production. …”
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USP2-Related Cellular Signaling and Consequent Pathophysiological Outcomes by Hiroshi Kitamura, Mayuko Hashimoto

“…On the other hand, USP2 functions as a key component of the CLOCK/BMAL1 complex and participates in rhythmic gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and liver. USP2 variants influence energy metabolism by controlling hepatic gluconeogenesis, hepatic cholesterol uptake, adipose tissue inflammation, and subsequent systemic insulin sensitivity. …”
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Multi-Level Processes and Retina–Brain Pathways of Photic Regulation of Mood by Julia Maruani, Pierre A. Geoffroy

“…This review proposes two distinct retina–brain pathways of light effects on mood: (i) a suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)-dependent pathway with light effect on mood via the synchronization of biological rhythms, and (ii) a SCN-independent pathway with light effects on mood through modulation of the homeostatic process of sleep, alertness and emotion regulation: (1) light directly inhibits brain areas promoting sleep such as the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO), and activates numerous brain areas involved in alertness such as, monoaminergic areas, thalamic regions and hypothalamic regions including orexin areas; (2) moreover, light seems to modulate mood through orexin-, serotonin- and dopamine-dependent pathways; (3) in addition, light activates brain emotional processing areas including the amygdala, the nucleus accumbens, the perihabenular nucleus, the left hippocampus and pathways such as the retina–ventral lateral geniculate nucleus and intergeniculate leaflet–lateral habenula pathway. …”
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Role of Chronobiology as a Transdisciplinary Field of Research: Its Applications in Treating Mood Disorders by Okan Çalıyurt

“…The master biological clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus controls daily rhythms of core body temperature, rest-activity cycle, physiological and behavioral functions, psychomotor functions and mood in humans. …”
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Dystrophin involvement in peripheral circadian SRF signalling by Betts, CA, Jagannath, A, van Westering, TLE, Bowerman, M, Banerjee, S, Meng, J, Falzarano, MS, Cravo, L, McClorey, G, Meijboom, KE, Bhomra, A, Lim, WF, Rinaldi, C, Counsell, JR, Chwalenia, K, O’Donovan, E, Saleh, AF, Gait, MJ, Morgan, JE, Ferlini, A, Foster, RG, Wood, MJA

“…This pathway plays a crucial role in circadian signalling, whereby the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) transmits cues to peripheral tissues, activating SRF and transcription of clock-target genes. …”

Disrupted circadian rhythms in a mouse model of schizophrenia by Oliver, P, Sobczyk, M, Maywood, E, Edwards, B, Lee, S, Livieratos, A, Oster, H, Butler, R, Godinho, S, Wulff, K, Peirson, S, Fisher, S, Chesham, J, Smith, J, Hastings, M, Davies, K, Foster, R

“…Retinal inputs appear normal in mutants, and clock gene rhythms within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) are normally phased both in vitro and in vivo. …”

Osmotic modulation of stimulus-evoked responses in the rat supraoptic nucleus by Bhumbra, G, Orlans, H, Dyball, R

“…Supraoptic responses to AV3V stimulation differed from those that follow stimulation of a hypothalamic element outside the osmoreceptor complex, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which also projects to the supraoptic nucleus. …”

Temporal transcriptomics suggest that twin-peaking genes reset the clock by William G Pembroke, Arran Babbs, Kay E Davies, Chris P Ponting, Peter L Oliver

“…The mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) drives daily rhythmic behavior and physiology, yet a detailed understanding of its coordinated transcriptional programmes is lacking. …”
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Loss of Circadian Timing Disrupts Theta Episodes during Object Exploration by Adrienne C. Loewke, Alex Garrett, Athreya Steiger, Nathan Fisher, H. Craig Heller, Damien Colas, Norman F. Ruby

“…In prior studies on Siberian hamsters, we developed a one-time light treatment that eliminated circadian timing in the central pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). These arrhythmic animals had impaired hippocampal-dependent memory whereas animals made arrhythmic with SCN lesions did not. …”
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Understanding Quantitative Circadian Regulations Are Crucial Towards Advancing Chronotherapy by Debajyoti Chowdhury, Chao Wang, Ai-Ping Lu, Hai-Long Zhu

“…The master oscillation has been found to be developed at the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus in the brain. It acts as the core pacemaker and drives the transmission of the oscillation signals. …”
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Circadian adaptations to meal timing: Neuroendocrine mechanisms by Danica F Patton, Ralph E Mistlberger

“…A master circadian pacemaker in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus is directly entrained by daily light-dark cycles, and coordinates the timing of other oscillators by direct and indirect neural, hormonal and behavioral outputs. …”
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Glaucoma alters the circadian timing system. by Elise Drouyer, Ouria Dkhissi-Benyahya, Christophe Chiquet, Elizabeth WoldeMussie, Guadalupe Ruiz, Larry A Wheeler, Philippe Denis, Howard M Cooper

“…Circadian and non-visual responses to light are mediated by a specialized subset of melanopsin expressing RGCs that provide photic input to mammalian endogenous clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). In order to explore the molecular, anatomical and functional consequences of glaucoma we used a rodent model of chronic ocular hypertension, a primary causal factor of the pathology. …”
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CNOT1 regulates circadian behaviour through Per2 mRNA decay in a deadenylation-dependent manner by Haytham Mohamed Aly Mohamed, Akinori Takahashi, Saori Nishijima, Shungo Adachi, Iori Murai, Hitoshi Okamura, Tadashi Yamamoto

“…In this study, we show that Cnot1, encoding the scaffold protein of the CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex, is highly expressed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the master timekeeper. CNOT1 deficiency in mice results in circadian period lengthening and alterations in the mRNA and protein expression patterns of various clock genes, mainly Per2. …”
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Genetics and functional significance of the understudied methamphetamine sensitive circadian oscillator (MASCO) [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] by David E Ehichioya, S K Tahajjul Taufique, Shin Yamazaki, Julie S Pendergast

“…This oscillator is distinct from canonical circadian oscillators because it controls robust activity rhythms independently of the suprachiasmatic nucleus and circadian genes are not essential for its timekeeping. …”
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