Identification of oxidosqualene cyclases associated with saponin biosynthesis from Astragalus membranaceus reveals a conserved motif important for catalytic function by Kuan Chen, Meng Zhang, Lulu Xu, Yang Yi, Linlin Wang, Haotian Wang, Zilong Wang, Jiangtao Xing, Pi Li, Xiaohui Zhang, Xiaomeng Shi, Min Ye, Anne Osbourn, Xue Qiao

“…Their functions were studied by heterologous expression in tobacco and yeast, together with in vivo transient expression and virus-induced gene silencing. …”
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Synthetic Biohybrids of Red Blood Cells and Cascaded‐Enzymes@ Metal–Organic Frameworks for Hyperuricemia Treatment by Zeyu Li, Liecong Xue, Junxian Yang, Stefan Wuttke, Peiying He, Chuanyi Lei, Haowei Yang, Liang Zhou, Jiangfan Cao, Anna Sinelshchikova, Guansheng Zheng, Jimin Guo, Jiangguo Lin, Qi Lei, C. Jeffrey Brinker, Kaisheng Liu, Wei Zhu

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The NAC transcription factor MdNAC29 negatively regulates drought tolerance in apple by Sen Li, Sen Li, Sen Li, Xiuli Jing, Xiuli Jing, Xiuli Jing, Qiuping Tan, Qiuping Tan, Qiuping Tan, Binbin Wen, Binbin Wen, Binbin Wen, Xiling Fu, Xiling Fu, Xiling Fu, Dongmei Li, Dongmei Li, Dongmei Li, Xiude Chen, Xiude Chen, Xiude Chen, Wei Xiao, Wei Xiao, Wei Xiao, Ling Li, Ling Li, Ling Li

“…Over-expression of MdNAC29 reduced drought tolerance in apple plants, calli, and tobacco, and exhibited higher relative conductivity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and lower chlorophyll content under drought stress. …”
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Investigation on health behavior of middle-aged and elderly patients with ischemic stroke and analysis of its influencing factors (中老年缺血性脑卒中患者健康行为现状调查及影响因素分析)... by LONG XinLing (龙鑫伶), YANG Mingchun (杨鸣春), ZOU Airong (邹爱容)

“…The average score of health behavior was (60. 33 ± 10. 85) in middle-aged and elderly patients with ischemic stroke, and the order of the score rate of each dimension from high to low was nutrition, medication, instruction, tobacco and alcohol, responsibility and exercise. …”
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High Pretreatment Mean Corpuscular Volume Can Predict Worse Prognosis in Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma who Have Undergone Curative Esophagectomy by Naoya Yoshida, MD, PhD, Ken Sasaki, MD, PhD, Kengo Kanetaka, MD, PhD, Yasue Kimura, MD, PhD, Tomotaka Shibata, MD, PhD, Makoto Ikenoue, MD, Yuichiro Nakashima, MD, PhD, Noriaki Sadanaga, MD, PhD, Kojiro Eto, MD, PhD, Yusuke Tsuruda, MD, Shinichiro Kobayashi, MD, PhD, Tomonori Nakanoko, MD, PhD, Kosuke Suzuki, MD, PhD, Shinsuke Takeno, MD, PhD, Manabu Yamamoto, MD, PhD, Masaru Morita, MD, PhD, Yasushi Toh, MD, PhD, Hideo Baba, MD, PhD

“…The MCV increases in patients with high alcohol and tobacco consumption. Such a lifestyle can be a risk factor for malnutrition, comorbidities related to those habits, and multiple primary malignancies, which may be associated with frequent postoperative morbidity and poor prognosis. …”
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Benefits of Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Longitudinal Study by Dharmendra Jain, Umesh Kumar Pandey, Suyash Tripathi, Abhishek Kaushley, Bhupendra Verma, Soumik Ghosh, Krishna Vemuri Santosh, Rajpal Prajapati

“…These benefits of CRR were observed in all the subgroups of study population (including diabetics, hypertensive, tobacco users, age, gender). Reduction in NT-ProBNP from 1097.65±769.7 pg/mL at baseline to 127.28 pg/mL after 1 year with mean reduction of 970.37±731.33 pg/mL (p-value <0.05). …”
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A Pipeline towards the Biochemical Characterization of the <i>Arabidopsis</i> GT14 Family by Lingling Xuan, Jie Zhang, Weitai Lu, Pawel Gluza, Berit Ebert, Toshihisa Kotake, Mengzhu Lu, Yuan Zhang, Mads H. Clausen, Kim L. Johnson, Monika S. Doblin, Joshua L. Heazlewood, Antony Bacic, Lili Song, Wei Zeng

“…We further established a functional analysis pipeline using transient expression in tobacco (<i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i>) followed by enzymatic assays, fractionation of enzymatic products by reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) and characterization by mass spectrometry (MS). …”
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Plasma Aβ42/40 and cognitive variability are associated with cognitive function in Black Americans: Findings from the AA‐FAIM cohort by Barbara Fischer, Carol Ann Van Hulle, Rebecca Langhough, Derek Norton, Megan Zuelsdorff, Diane Carol Gooding, Mary F. Wyman, Adrienne Johnson, Nickolas Lambrou, Taryn James, Shenikqua Bouges, Fabu Phillis Carter, Hector Salazar, Kristopher Kirmess, Mary Holubasch, Matthew Meyer, Venky Venkatesh, Tim West, Philip Verghese, Kevin Yarasheski, Cynthia M. Carlsson, Sterling C. Johnson, Sanjay Asthana, Carey E. Gleason

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Kahvehane, Restoran ve Kafe Çalışan ve Müşterilerinin İkram Sektöründe Sigara İçilmesinin Yasaklanması Konusundaki Görüşleri by Hilal Özcebe, Nazmi Bilir

“…<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Tobacco control legislation has been supported by workers and clients of the hospitality sector. …”
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Identifying Factors Affecting the Motivation of Games Users in Social Networks and their Impact on the User Attitude and Shopping Intention by Reihaneh Alsadat Tabaeeian, Majid Mohammad Shafiee

“…Other social networks such as WhatsApp, Facebook, and Tobacco are also testing the sale of virtual goods in SNS games and trying to find ways to reduce user costs. …”
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Biomedical risk assessment as an aid for smoking cessation by Clair, C, Mueller, Y, Livingstone-Banks, J, Burnand, B, Camain, J, Cornuz, J, Rège‐Walther, M, Selby, K, Bize, R

“…</p> <p>Search methods: For the most recent update, we searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialized Register in March 2018 and ClinicalTri-als.gov and the WHO ICTRP in September 2018 for studies added since the last update in 2012.…”

Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioural interventions for smoking cessation by Stead, LF, Koilpillai, P, Fanshawe, TR, Lancaster, T

“…</p> <p><strong>Search methods</strong> We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialised Register in July 2015 for records with any mention of pharmacotherapy, including any type of NRT, bupropion, nortriptyline or varenicline.…”

Incentives for smoking cessation by Notley, C, Gentry, S, Livingstone-Banks, J, Bauld, L, Perera, R, Hartmann-Boyce, J

“…</p> <p><strong>Search methods</strong></p> <p>For this update, we searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialised Register, clinicaltrials.gov, and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP). …”

Additional behavioural support as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation by Hartmann-Boyce, J, Hong, B, Livingstone-Banks, J, Wheat, H, Fanshawe, TR

“…</p> <p><strong>Search methods</strong></p> <p>We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialised Register, clinicaltrials.gov, and the ICTRP in June 2018 for records with any mention of pharmacotherapy, including any type of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion, nortriptyline or varenicline, that evaluated the addition of personal support or compared two or more intensities of behavioural support.…”

Internet-based interventions for smoking cessation. by Civljak, M, Stead, L, Hartmann-Boyce, J, Sheikh, A, Car, J

“…SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialized Register. There were no restrictions placed on language of publication or publication date. …”

Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation. by Cahill, K, Stead, L, Lancaster, T

“…SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group's specialised register for trials, using the terms ('varenicline' or 'cytisine' or 'Tabex' or 'nicotine receptor partial agonist') and 'smoking' in the title or abstract, or as keywords. …”

Smoking and cause-specific mortality in large prospective studies from Cuba, Mexico, and the United States by Thomson, B

“… <p><b>Background:</b> Tobacco smoking caused an estimated 100 million deaths in the 20th century, and unless widespread cessation and prevention occur, it could cause one billion deaths in the 21st century. …”

Competitions for smoking cessation by Fanshawe, TR, Hartmann-Boyce, J, Perera, R, Lindson, N

“…We updated the evidence by searching the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialized Register in June 2018.…”

Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioural interventions for smoking cessation. by Stead, L, Lancaster, T

“…We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialised Register in July 2012 for records with any mention of pharmacotherapy, including any type of NRT, bupropion, nortriptyline or varenicline. …”

Changes in health in England, with analysis by English regions and areas of deprivation, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 by Newton, J, Briggs, A, Murray, C, Dicker, D, Foreman, K, Wang, H, Naghavi, M, Forouzanfar, M, Ohno, S, Barber, R, Vos, T, Stanaway, J, Schmidt, J, Hughes, A, Fay, D, Ecob, R, Gresser, C, McKee, M, Rutter, H, Abubakar, I, Ali, R, Anderson, H, Banerjee, A, Bennett, D, Bernabé, E, Bhui, K, Biryukov, S, Bourne, R, Brayne, C, Bruce, N, Brugha, T, Burch, M, Capewell, S, Casey, D, Chowdhury, R, Coates, M, Cooper, C, Critchley, J, Dargan, P, Dherani, M, Elliott, P, Ezzati, M, Fenton, K, Fraser, M, Fürst, T, Greaves, F, Green, M, Gunnell, D, Hannigan, B, Hay, R, Hay, S, Hemingway, H, Larson, H, Looker, K, Lunevicius, R, Lyons, R, Marcenes, W, Mason-Jones, A, Matthews, F, Moller, H, Murdoch, M, Newton, C, Pearce, N, Piel, F, Pope, D, Rahimi, K, Rodriguez, A, Scarborough, P, Schumacher, A, Shiue, I, Smeeth, L, Tedstone, A, Valabhji, J, Williams, H, Wolfe, C, Woolf, A, Davis, A

“…Known risk factors accounted for 39·6% (37·7-41·7) of DALYs; leading behavioural risk factors were suboptimal diet (10·8% [9·1-12·7]) and tobacco (10·7% [9·4-12·0]). Interpretation: Health in England is improving although substantial opportunities exist for further reductions in the burden of preventable disease. …”