OPTIC FLOW SEGMENTATION AS AN ILL-POSED AND MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD PROBLEM by Buxton, B, Murray, D

“…It is shown by means of a 'toy' optic flow example how this is achieved when there are several parameter dimensions over which to segment. © 1985.…”

Growth of perturbations in parametrized gravity for an Einstein-de Sitter universe by Baker, T

“…Parametrized frameworks for modified gravity are potentially useful tools for model-independent tests of general relativity on cosmological scales. The toy model of an Einstein-de Sitter universe provides a safe test bed in which to improve our understanding of their behavior. …”

Ricci focusing, shearing, and the expansion rate in an almost homogeneous Universe by Bolejko, K, Ferreira, P

“…In this paper we explore how inhomogeneities may affect the overall optical properties of the Universe by quantifying how they can bias the redshift-distance relation in a number of toy models that mimic the real Universe. The models that we explore are statistically homogeneous on large scales. …”

Relativistic collapse dynamics and black hole information loss by Bedingham, D, Modak, S, Sudarsky, D

“…Here, and for the first time, we show in a simple toy model, a treatment of the problem within a fully relativistic setting. …”

Neon Genesis Evangelion ou la déconstruction du robot anime by Bounthavy Suvilay

“…Standing out from the traditional representation of giant robots generally imposed by toy makers, Neon Genesis Evangelion’s creatures blend science, religion and psychoanalysis in a plot that reflects the attitude of the SF amateurs and the position of the director of the series within the Japanese animation industry. …”
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Measurements of charged hadron inclusive reactions in the projectile fragmentation region at 100 and 175 GeV. by Toy, William W

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Dust Formation in the Ejecta of Common Envelope Systems by Lu, G, Zhu, C, Podsiadlowski, P

“…By constructing a simple toy model to describe the evolution of the density and the temperature of CE ejecta and using the \emph{AGBDUST} code to model dust formation, we show that dust can form efficiently in this environment. …”

Quantum simulation of expanding space–time with tunnel-coupled condensates by Clemens Neuenhahn, Florian Marquardt

“…It turns out that a time-dependent variation of the tunnel-coupling between those condensates is equivalent to the spatial expansion of a one-dimensional toy-Universe, with regard to the dynamics of the relative phase field. …”
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Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm with puffer ball-like appearance: A case report by Mihoko Yamazaki, MD, Shinichi Cho, MD, Moto Nakaya, MD, Kazufumi Kimura, MD, Hitoshi Ohno, MD, Kumi Aita, MD, Takeo Ogino, MD

“…We report a case of ruptured low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm with an impressive toy puffer ball-like appearance on magnetic resonance imaging. …”
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Graph Neural Networks and 3-dimensional topology by Song Jin Ri, Pavel Putrov

“…The setting can be understood as a toy model of the problem of deciding whether a pair of Kirby diagrams give diffeomorphic 3- or 4-manifolds.…”
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A simple tight-binding model for typical graphyne structures by Zhe Liu, Guodong Yu, Haibo Yao, Lei Liu, Liwei Jiang, Yisong Zheng

“…A π -electronic tight-binding (TB) model with, at most, three independent parameters is found to well fit the density functional theory results about the dispersions of the conduction and valence bands of α -, β -, γ - and (6,6,12)-graphyne. By means of such a toy model, the electron–hole symmetry in these graphynes is demonstrated. …”
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Decoherence of cosmological perturbations from boundary terms and the non-classicality of gravity by Chon Man Sou, Duc Huy Tran, Yi Wang

“…By comparing with a Schrödinger-Newton toy model of classical gravity, we show that gravity theories of classical or quantum origins can be distinguished by comparing their different impacts on decoherence rate of ζ. …”
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Functional matching and renormalization group equations at two-loop order by Javier Fuentes-Martín, Ajdin Palavrić, Anders Eller Thomsen

“…We demonstrate the application of the functional approach by computing the two-loop matching coefficients and renormalization group equations in a scalar toy model.…”
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Thermal Conductivity of Cage-Like Structures by Zebarjadi, Mona, Esfarjani, Keivan, Chen, Gang

“…A two dimensional toy model is developed to study thermal transport in cage like structures such a skutterudites and clathrates. …”
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Design of an interactive tool for Evokube by Chua, Benny Wei Liang

“…Developing an interactive tool for a new construction play toy called Evokube designed and invented by PABensen Pte. …”
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No-hypersignaling principle by Dall'Arno, M, Brandsen, S, Tosini, A, Buscemi, F, Vedral, V

“…Here, we show that to focus only on spacelike correlations is not enough: we explicitly construct a toy model theory that, while not contradicting classical and quantum theories at the level of spacelike correlations, still displays an anomalous behavior in its timelike correlations. …”

Hydrodynamics of ideal fracton fluids by Kevin T. Grosvenor, Carlos Hoyos, Francisco Peña-Benitez, Piotr Surówka

“…In the first class we introduce a general action for a scalar with a shift symmetry linear in the spatial coordinates, whereas the second one corresponds with a complex scalar, while the third class serves as a toy model for disclinations and dislocations propagating along the Burgers vector. …”
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Sequential Bayesian inference for implicit hidden Markov models and current limitations by Jacob Pierre E.

“…The statistical objects of interest for time series analysis are illustrated on a toy “Lotka-Volterra” model used in population ecology. …”
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Examining the Recorded Histories of Nigeria's First Post-Independence Universities by Adefolatomiwa Toye

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A biological approach for financial network contagion based on the Susceptible - Infected - Recovered (SIR) model by Eloy Fisher

“…After framing the finsir model, its agents, variables and interactions within a broader set of questions regarding financial markets and the current literature, within this highly restrictive toy computational model, we find that shocks in this financial market exhibit complex evolutionary dynamics that either tend to increasingly fragile states or the elimination of a high number of competitors, in detriment to a more decentralized market order. …”
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